Ganling is the tomb of Li Zhi, the third emperor of the Tang Dynasty, and the only female emperor Wu Zetian in the history of China. There is a stone mountain 50 kilometers northwest of Xianyang city.
History books at all times and all over the world call this mountain Liangshan.
More than a thousand years ago, the only female emperor in China, Wu Zetian, finally closed her eyes at the age of eighty-two.
Half a year later, more than 100,000 people struggled to carry her from Luoyang Shangyang Palace to this mountain.
Ganling was built in 684 AD, and it took 23 years for the project to be basically completed.
Magnificent momentum.
There are three peaks in Liangshan, with the northern peak being the highest, with an altitude of 1047.9 meters.
The two peaks in the south are low-lying, east-west, with Sima Dao in the middle, so they are named "Feng Ru".
According to historical records, the mausoleum originally had two inner and outer walls, four city gates, and many magnificent buildings such as Xiandian Quelou.
Exploration shows that the total area of the inner city is 240 square meters.
There are Zhuque Gate in the south, Xuanwu Gate in the north, Qinglong Gate in the east and Baihu Gate in the west.
Stepping on the stone steps from the gate of Ganlingtou, there are 537 steps, and the height difference of the steps is 81.68m..
Walking through the steps is a flat and wide road until you reach the Tang Gaozong Mausoleum Monument, which is called Sima Dao.
Huabiao 1 pair, winged horse ostrich 1 pair, Shima 5 pairs, Weng Zhong 10 pair, and 2 stone tablets on both sides.
There is no word tablet in the east, and there is a sacred tablet in the west.
There are 6 statues of Wang Bin 1 statue, 6 lions1pair and 7 tombs1pair around.
The 2-meter-high tombstone of Tang Gaozong Mausoleum was erected by Emperor Gao Zongli in Biyuan County, Shaanxi Province. The original tombstone has been destroyed, and it is now rebuilt during the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty.
On the right front of this monument, another tombstone inscribed by Guo Moruo is "Tomb of Tang Gaozong Li Zhi and Zetian Emperor", 12 Chinese characters.
In addition, outside the South Gate, there are stone statues praising Emperor Gaozong and Wu Zetian & gt and> children and sixty-one China minority leaders and envoys of friendly countries who attended the funeral of Emperor Gaozong.
In the history of China, the number, types and placement of stone carvings in front of the mausoleum began to have a fixed system, which continued until the Qing Dynasty, and the past dynasties were similar.
When you enter the territory of Ganxian, you will see three high peaks, which are high in the north and low in the south, standing under the vast sky. From a distance, it looks like a long hair that has just taken a shower, with its head facing north and its feet facing south, lying on its back under the blue sky and white clouds. This is Liangshan, known as the "crown of emperors' tombs" and "sleeping beauty"
At 4: 30 a.m. on July 26th, A.D. 197 1, the American Apollo spacecraft finally broke away from the gravity of the earth and entered the space orbit under the huge thrust of the three-stage rocket.
Astronaut Ednin carefully observed everything in front of him: the Egyptian pyramids, the Great Wall of China ... Suddenly, he found several small black dots lined up in a straight line beside the winding Yellow River. He decided that this was the secret weapon base of Red China, and immediately took photos and reported them to the President.
This top secret report from space was directly sent to President Nixon, who was on vacation at Camp David, after special technical treatment by the CIA. ...
Ten years later, Edning followed the first American tourists to the mysterious land of Red China. After experiencing the feeling that the Great Wall is not a hero, he proposed to visit the place of east longitude 107 degrees 38 minutes and north latitude 34 degrees.
Edning thinks that the China government will never allow people of his status to go there.
Only when he stands on the Weibei Plateau with high mountains and long roads and beautiful peaks can he wake up like a dream. The black spots photographed from space are not launchers and secret weapons, but the famous Han and Tang Mausoleum in China, which has attracted the world's attention. It is a group of huge and majestic Chinese pyramids that shocked and imagined countless Chinese and foreign celebrities, experts, scholars and tourists.
The unique husband and wife emperor in the history of the world
Located in the north of Weibei Mountain in the hinterland of Qinchuan, Shaanxi Province, there are exquisite mountains and rivers created by nature.
Among this group of beautiful and majestic conical peaks, there are dozens of tombs of Han and Tang emperors in China, which have become the spectacular landscape of the embryonic form of Weibei Mountain for 300 miles.
Among them, Liangshan, located in the north of Ganxian County, Shaanxi Province, is famous at home and abroad for burying an all-powerful woman in the history of China.
Driving from Xi 'an, the ancient capital, and entering Ganxian county along the 3 12 national road for about 70 kilometers, you will see three tall and steep peaks, which stand under the vast sky with high in the north and low in the south under the background of smoke clouds. From a distance, it looks like a long hair that has just taken a shower, with its head facing north and its feet facing south, lying on its back under the blue sky and white clouds. This is Liangshan.
Ganling is the unique mausoleum of two emperors and a couple in China and even in the world. It is a model of emperor burial system in Tang Dynasty and a famous tourist attraction at home and abroad.
It lives in Liangshan, and Zhou and Qin are places of interest.
Historically, Zhou (Gu Gongqifu) crossed Liangshan and shouldered Hongji. Qin Shihuang built a palace in Liangshan and conquered Yidi. His money crossed Liangshan and passed through the Western Regions. Even the "Silk Road" of the Tang Dynasty passed through this mountain.
The main peak of Liangshan is 1047.9 meters above sea level, with steep terrain, which is the throat of east-west traffic and a battleground for ancient strategists.
Climb to the top of Liangshan Mountain and look east for nine feet (the location of Zhaoling of Emperor Taizong). The mountain is abrupt and lonely. Looking at Taibai (mountain) in the south, it ends in the south (mountain) and is covered with snow; Looking at the five peaks (mountains) in the north, they shine in the distance; The west is connected with Cuiping (Mountain), with mountains and mountains.
At the foot of Liangshan Mountain, three peaks protrude, the main peak is green and steep, the Bahe River surrounds its east, and the desert water surrounds its west. The whole foothills are lush with trees, towering cypresses and elegant and solemn environment.
According to Feng Shui Master (Mr. Feng Shui), Liangshan is very beneficial to the hostess.
Therefore, Wu Zetian, who replaced the Tang Dynasty as the Zhou Dynasty, chose Liangshan as her husband Tang Gaozong and her "longevity domain" a hundred years later.
According to documents, Li Zhi (628-683) was born to the ninth son of Emperor Taizong.
/kloc-at the age of 0/6, with the help of his uncle Sun Chang Wuji, he was made the crown prince.
In the 23rd year of Zhenguan (649), he proclaimed himself emperor in June.
Li Zhi is not "fatuous, incompetent, timid and mediocre" as the old historians said.
At the beginning of his reign, he "cherished eternal life and learned from hundreds of kings" and determined to be the king of ZTE in order to build the foundation of Datang.
With the assistance of Sun Chang Wuji, Chu Suiliang and other senior officials, he was diligent in state affairs, humble to corporal, conscientiously implemented the legacy of Emperor Taizong's Zhenguan, reclaimed wasteland, and implemented the system of equal land; Develop the imperial examination system; The population has increased rapidly, the society and politics are clear, the economy is prosperous, the people live and work in peace and contentment, and foreign forces have entered Central Asia.
Therefore, in the early years of Emperor Gaozong's accession to the throne, the history books rated it as "the policy of eternal emblem, the security of the people, and the legacy of chastity". After middle age, Li Zhi appointed Wuhou to handle the affairs of state affairs, because "the wind is dazzling, and the eyes are too heavy to see".
Wuhou took the opportunity to monopolize power, specializing in state affairs, and "empowering the people to be the masters."
In the first month of 666 A.D., Li Zhi and Wuhou ascended Mount Tai to offer sacrifices to Confucius, which formed the situation that the "two saints" respected each other in the Tang Dynasty.
Shangguan Yi, the prime minister, played with the harem dignitaries and was put to death in prison.
Li Zhi also deeply felt excluded, afraid that Li Jiangshan would be defeated by himself, and wanted to be the Zen Prince Li Hong (the eldest son of Li Zhi and Wu Zetian), but Li Hong was helpless.
So he made his second son, Li Xian, a prince to run the country.
Wu Houxuan deposed Li Xian for "disobedience".
Li Zhi was helpless, and made King Li Xian of England a prince.
In 682 AD, Li Zhongrun, the son of Li Xian (posthumously named Prince Yide), was appointed as the great-grandson of the emperor by Li Zhi, and made an exception to set up a mansion for the great-grandson in order to make the Tang Dynasty prosperous for generations.
In December of the first year of Hongdao, Li Zhi died at the Zhenguan Temple in Luoyang, the capital of East China, at the age of 56, and he reigned for thirty-four years.
Before he died, he said, "If the God of heaven and earth prolongs my life for a month or two, I will return to Chang 'an and die without complaint. "He expressed his willingness to bury his bones in his hometown of Guanzhong.
Testament "cemetery system, be frugal."
Those who make up their minds about the military will be punished by Tian Hou (Wu Zetian). "In May of the first year of civilization (684), Wu Zetian followed the emperor's wishes and ordered Gao Xi to drive Chang 'an.
In August, he was buried in Liangshan, and the tomb was named Ganling.
Wu Zetian (AD 624-AD 705), a native of Wenshui (now Wenshui East, Shanxi Province), was the only female emperor in the history of China.
In 655 AD, she was made queen by Tang Gaozong.
In 690 AD, when Wu Zetian was 67 years old, she abolished Li Dan as emperor, changed her country name to Zhou, became the "holy god" emperor, and changed her name to "",which is one of the strange words 19 created by her, meaning the sun and the moon are in the sky.
Wu Zetian made great efforts to recruit talents, regardless of qualifications and family background, as long as she passed the examination, she could be hired.
Wu Zetian, 82, was honored as the Great Sage Queen and died in Shangyang Palace soon.
After the emperor.
Tang Gaozong Li Zhi (628-683 AD), the ninth son of Emperor Taizong and Li Shimin, was called a good man.
In the fifth year of Zhenguan (AD 63 1), he was crowned King of Jin, in the seventeenth year, he was made a prince, and in the twenty-third year, he became king.
The territory of the Tang Dynasty was the largest during the reign of Emperor Gaozong.
After Emperor Gaozong ascended the throne, Wu Zetian entered the palace as Zhao Yi, and soon wanted to abolish the Queen Wang and make Wu Shi the queen.
In this regard, Sun Chang Wuji and Chu Suiliang and other senior officials expressed their opposition.
With the support of Li Yifu and others, Emperor Gaozong finally established Wu Shi as the queen in Yonghui and reigned for six years.
Sun Chang Wuji and Chu Suiliang were both demoted.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Gaozong was dazzled by strong winds, making it difficult to manage government affairs. Wu Zetian was able to gradually master the state affairs.
From then on, Wu Zetian became the real ruler, and Emperor Gaozong was in a relegated position.
After the death of Emperor Gaozong, he was buried in Ganling.
Wu Zetian (624-705), whose real name was Chang, was later called Wu Zetian because she was once called the emperor.
Born in Chang 'an, Tang Dou (Guangyuan, Sichuan), his ancestral home was in Wenshui, Bingzhou (now Wenshui, Shaanxi).
His father, Wu Shihuo, was originally a timber merchant. Later, he followed Sui Taiyuan to stay in Li Yuan, and proposed. In the early Tang Dynasty, I went to the Ministry of Industry, Shangshu and Lizhou.
His mother, Yang, was the daughter of the prime minister of Sui Dynasty.
It is said that Wu Zetian was out of phase when she was a child.
At that time, Yuan Tiangang, a world-famous astrologer, went to the Wu family for dinner.
During the dinner, Yuan was invited to meet his family.
After seeing his wife Yang, Yuan Tiangang said, "My wife's bones are very good. She will have children!" After seeing Wu's second son, he said, "These two sons can achieve three things, but they are not rich for life!" At this time, the wet nurse came out with Wu Zetian in boys' clothes.
Yuan Tiangang looked forward for a while and said, "This little husband looks cold and hard to understand. Let him see. " So the nurse put her on the ground.
The child took a few steps, and Yuan Tiangang asked her to look up again. She was shocked and said, "This son has dragon eyes and phoenix neck, and Fuxi's appearance will be extremely noble!" " Yuan Tiangang looked at the child from the side for a while, surprised and sorry: "Unfortunately, it is a husband. If it is a woman, it is the master of the world! "
In the 11th year of Zhenguan (637), when Wu Zetian 14 years old, Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong, heard that she was "beautiful", called her into the harem, named her a gifted scholar (concubine) and gave her the title of "Wu Mei".
Wu Cairen, who just entered the palace, won the favor of Emperor Taizong with his unique charm. But since she is in the harem of beautiful women, it is difficult to get the long-term favor of Emperor Taizong. The calculating woman bewitched the Crown Prince with her beauty.
At the end of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong was critically ill, and Li Zhi was in the side waiter, having an affair with Wu Shi.
In the 23rd year of Zhenguan (649), Taizong died.
According to the court system at that time, 26-year-old Wu Cairen and his childless concubine in the harem were sent to Kanye Temple for a haircut as a blessing to Qin Shihuang.
In the third year of Yonghui (652), on the anniversary of Emperor Taizong's death, Li Zhi burned incense in the temple, got to know Wu Meiniang and relived the old love. He was recalled to the harem and named Zhao Yi.
Since ancient times, there have been many complaints about fire in the palace. The most important thing is that eyebrows are not attractive.
Wu, who returned to the court, with her intelligence and wisdom, did not hesitate to strangle her own daughter and frame the king and queen, and finally ascended the coveted queen throne and began to participate in state affairs.
Wu Zetian, who has always been resourceful and dabbled in literature and history, soon showed superhuman talent and capable ability to govern the country, and gained great trust and dependence.
After October (660), Li Zhi, who suffered from various diseases, decided that "the best performance should be decided in detail." Wu Zetian took this opportunity to woo courtiers and, with the support of Li Yifu, Xu Jingzong and others, eliminated the senior ministers headed by Sun Chang Wuji and Chu Suiliang, and acted arbitrarily from then on.
After the death of Emperor Gaozong in the first year of Hongdao, Li Xian succeeded to the throne and Wu Zetian became the Empress Dowager.
The following year, Zhongzong was abolished and Li Dan (Zong Rui) became emperor, so that he could not interfere in political affairs.
In the third year (690), Wu Zetian ordered the monk to fabricate the Great Cloud Sutra, saying that Maitreya was born and would take the place of Tang.
Then he ordered the confidant minister to "surrender" hundreds of people, and as a result, tens of thousands of people from all over the court, inside and outside the capital, the leaders of the four barbarians, monks and Taoists followed suit.
Seeing that the time was ripe, Wu Zetian changed the Tang Dynasty to the Zhou Dynasty, and officially ascended the throne in September of the first year of natural grant, claiming to be the emperor of the Zhou Dynasty and becoming the only female emperor in the history of China.
Wu Zetian is knowledgeable in literature and history, skillful in tactics and cruel in means.
After she proclaimed herself emperor, she broadened her career, initiated the system of "entrance examination", "bootstrapping" and "martial arts", and recruited talents extensively. Reward informers, appoint brutal officials, repeatedly set up prisons and crack down on nobles to maintain their absolute dominance.
During her nearly 50 years of rule, social politics, economy and culture flourished.
At the same time, it also strengthened and improved the relationship between the Tang Dynasty and the border ethnic minorities.
In his later years, he was extravagant and extravagant, and his palace was messy. My nephew, Wu Sansi, is in control of state affairs, and the political constitution is chaotic.
In the first month of the first year of Shenlong (AD 705), Wu Zetian was seriously ill, and Prime Minister Zhang Jianzhi staged a coup to restore Li Xian.
1 1 month, Wu Zetian died in Luoyang Shangyang Palace, and her last wish was "Mimo Temple, Guiling Mausoleum, make God, and call it the Great Sage Queen." At the age of 82.
In May of the following year, Zhong Zonghu returned to Xijing with the spirit, and was buried in Gong Xuan Ganling with her husband in August.