After Liu Chan surrendered, Si Mazhao hosted a banquet for him. The official of Shu is sad, and the latter is happy. Before Si Mazhao made Shu people pretend to be Shu people, officials in Shu were crying and laughing. When the wine was half drunk, Si Mazhao said to Jia Chong, "It's human nature, so it is! Although Zhu Gekongming is here, he can't help for long, let alone Jiang Wei? " But he asked the late Lord, "Do you miss Shu?" The late Lord said, "I am happy here, but I don't think about Shu."
Quench thirst by thinking of plum-masturbating with illusory hope
Cao Cao took his army to a place without water. The soldiers are very thirsty In order to boost morale, Cao Cao said to the soldiers, "There is a big Meilin not far ahead, with many plums, sweet and sour." Then we will have a good time. " Hearing this, the soldiers all drooled and stopped crying, speeding up the March.
Return the jade to Zhao intact-return it to its original owner.
There is a treasure jade in Chu called He Shibi, which was acquired by Zhao Haoqi Huiwen. When King Zhao of Qin heard about it, he proposed to exchange 15 for Heshibi. Zhao Huiwen summoned Lin Xiangru, and Lin Xiangru offered to take Cui to Qin. If Zhao gets the city of Qin, she will stay in Qin, otherwise, she will return to Zhao. When Lin Xiangru arrived in Qin, he presented Choi. The king of Qin was overjoyed, but he didn't give these cities to Zhao. Lin Xiangru said that the jade had a small flaw and wanted to show it to Zhao Haoqi of Qin, so he took Baoyu back. He stood by the court pillar and said, The prince of Zhao is worried that the state of Qin is strong and refuses to give the jade to the city. I persuaded him to agree. Stop fighting for five days, and then let me come with Bi to show my respect and respect for the majesty of Qin. Unexpectedly, the king's etiquette is simple and slow, and he has no sincerity to deliver it to the cities. Now, if the king must take Baoyu away, I'd rather smash my head on the post with Baoyu. The state of Qin had no choice but to leave the city of 15 to Zhao. Lin Xiangru estimated that the king of Qin just pretended to cope, so he proposed to fast for five days, and then communicate seriously. King Qin Zhao had to agree. Lin Xiangru sent his entourage to secretly return to Zhao from the path. After Qin Zhaowang fasted and held the exchange ceremony, Lin Xiangru told Qin Zhaowang about sending Choi back to Zhao, thus preserving Choi.
Endure hardships to achieve some ambition.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a war between wuyue. Yue was defeated by Wu, and Gou Jian was captured by Fu Cha. Later, Fu Cha, the king of Wu, released Gou Jian and sent him back to Huiji, the capital of Yue. Gou Jian hangs a gallbladder in the place where he sits and lies, and lies on the straw at night, facing the gallbladder. Try gall at dinner every day. Always ask yourself: "Have you forgotten the humiliation of being defeated?" In this way, Gou Jian and Tong Gan * * * and * * mutually assured destruction. After ten years of development, production and training, Fu Cha was finally defeated and Wu was destroyed in 473 BC.
Cock crow and practice sword-diligence and self-discipline
Zu Ti, 24 years old, is the chief bookkeeper of Sizhou. The master book is a small official in charge of documents and books. He has a colleague named Liu Kun. Liu Kun is a descendant of Liu Sheng, the king of Zhongshan in Han Dynasty, and also an ambitious young man. The two men became good friends because they shared the same interests. They often talk about current affairs, make contributions and serve the country. It was midnight when they talked about it, so they slept in the same bed. One day, they talked very late. Just got into bed, Liu Kun was snoring like thunder. Zu Ti was about to go to bed when he suddenly heard the sound of a pheasant (the ancients called chickens that sang before midnight pheasants). The pheasant's cry is considered as an evil voice and an image of a soldier. ) the cry. He suddenly woke up, kicked Liu Kun fiercely, woke Liu Kun up, and said, "Listen, listen, isn't this the cry of a pheasant? I'm afraid of chaos. Can we still sleep peacefully? " So he danced in the yard with double swords. Liu Kun rubbed his eyes, thought for a moment and said, "Yes! You must be prepared for danger in times of peace! " I also went to get a sword and danced with Zu Ti.
make three calls at the thatched cottage/repeatedly request sb to take up a post
The yellow turban insurrectionary uprising at the end of Han Dynasty caused great chaos in the world. Cao Cao sat in the imperial court, and Sun Quan supported Dongwu. Liu Bei, the imperial clan of the Han Dynasty, heard from Xu Shu and Si Mahui that Zhuge Liang was very knowledgeable and talented, so he came to Wolong (now in the west of Nanyang, Henan Province, and southwest of Xiangyang, Hubei Province) with gifts, and asked Zhuge Liang to come out to help. It happened that Zhuge Liang was out that day, so Liu Bei had to turn back in disappointment. Soon, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei braved the snowstorm and invited them for the second time. Unexpectedly, Zhuge Liang went out for a walk again. Zhang Fei doesn't want to come again. Seeing that Zhuge Liang was not at home, he urged him to go back. Liu Bei had to leave a letter expressing his admiration for Zhuge Liang and asking him to come out of the mountain to help him save the country's crisis. After a while, Liu Bei was a vegetarian for three days and was ready to invite Zhuge Liang again. Guan Yu said that Zhuge Liang may have a hollow reputation, but he may not have real talent and learning, so he doesn't have to go. Zhang Fei, on the other hand, advocated that he should make a phone call alone and tie it up with a rope when he didn't come. Liu Bei scolded Zhang Fei and went to visit Zhuge Liang with them for the third time. At this time, Zhuge Liang was sleeping. Liu Bei dare not disturb him. He stood until Zhuge Liang woke up and sat down to talk to each other.
Zhuge Liang saw that Liu Bei was interested in doing things for the country and sincerely asked him for help, so he came out to help Liu Bei establish the Han Shu Dynasty.
Be a novice
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu Bei invited Zhuge Liang to become a military adviser. Guan Yu and Zhang Fei care nothing about diesel. Before long, Cao Cao sent general Xia Houdun to lead hundreds of troops to fight in Xinye. Liu Bei asked Zhuge Liang, and Zhuge Liang said, "I'm afraid you won't listen to my orders and I want to borrow your master's sword." Liu Bei hurriedly handed Zhuge Liang the seal. Zhuge Liang began to gather generals. Guan Yu was ordered to ambush Yushan with 1,000 troops, let the enemy advance troops go, fight at the sight of fire and attack quickly. Zhang Fei ambushed a thousand men in the valley, and when the fire started, he killed Bo Wangcheng. Guan Ping and Liu Feng led 500 troops, divided into two groups, and waited behind Bowangpo. When the enemy arrived, they immediately set it on fire. Zhaoyun was transferred from Fancheng to be a pioneer, and only defeated. Liu Bei took 1000 people as backup. Guan Yu couldn't help asking, "Sir, we are all going to war. What are you doing? " Zhuge Liang said, "I'll wait in the city." Zhang Fei laughed and said, "Sir, let's all go. You are so carefree! " Zhuge Liang said, "This is the seal. Those who violate the order are embarrassed! " Guan Yu and Zhang Fei had nothing to say and left with a smile. In the battle, each will act according to Zhuge Liang's instructions until Cao Bing loses his helmet and armor. Zhuge Liang fought for the first time and won a great victory. Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and others admire him very much.
Do one thing under the cover of another.
At the end of Qin Dynasty, Xiang Yu claimed to be the overlord of the west, betraying the agreement that the first attacker in Xianyang was king. Liu Bang was extremely dissatisfied, led the troops into Sichuan, burned the Bashu plank road along the way and named it Hanwang. With the help of Han Xin, Liu Bang openly built a plank road, secretly bypassed Zhang Han, the general of Xiang Yu, and claimed the title of king for the Central Plains.
Last stand-Fight a life-and-death battle.
In 204 BC, Hanwang Liu Bang was finally fed up and sent generals Han Xin and Zhang Er to lead the Han army to attack Zhao. Zhao Wangxie and Chen Yu, the commander-in-chief of the State of Zhao, led two hundred thousand soldiers and horses and gathered in Jingkou (now Jingxing Pass on Jingxing Mountain in Hebei Province) to prepare for the battle. Li Zuoche, the counselor of the State of Zhao, said to the counselor, "Han Xin has brought troops here this time and won many victories along the way. He came with victory, unstoppable. But after a long journey, they must be short of food and grass, soldiers and horses. The mountain road in Jingxing is very narrow, and it is difficult for horses and chariots to pass. So I have an idea that I can send 30 thousand soldiers to intercept his grain truck from the path. You dig the ditch deeper, the wall is higher, stick to the camp and don't fight them. In this way, they can't fight before, and then they can't retreat. In less than ten days, we can catch Han Xin. " Although Zuo Li has a point, Chen Yu is a bookworm. He didn't listen to his advice, but said, "I have read many books about the art of war." According to the art of war, if the force is ten times larger than the enemy, you can surround the enemy; If you are twice as strong as the enemy, you can fight the enemy. Now the Han army claims tens of thousands, but in fact there are only a few thousand. Besides, I am tired from afar. Our troops are many times more than the Han army. Can't we destroy them? If I avoid fighting today, others will laugh at my cowardice. " In this way, Chen Yu did not adopt Li Zuoche's correct opinion. Han Xin was very happy to learn that Chen Yu had no plan to use Li Zuoche. So he stationed the soldiers and horses thirty miles away from Jingxingkou. Until after midnight, Han Xin sent two thousand hussars, each holding a red flag of the Han army, from the path around the rear of Zhao Ying, ambush, ready to attack Zhao Ying. Then, Han Xin sent 1 10,000 troops as pioneers and arrayed along the river bank. Chen Yu found that all the soldiers and horses in Han Xin were deployed by the river, and said with a smile, "Han Xin is a hollow name! Last stand, don't go backwards. This is your own way to die! " At dawn, Han Xin led the rear team of military forces, played a handsome flag and killed Jingxingkou with great fanfare. Zhao immediately confronted him. After the war, the Han army pretended to be defeated, threw flags and drums, and retreated to the riverside position. Not knowing that this was a plan, he ordered Zhao to chase after it desperately. At this time, Han Xin ambushed 2,000 hussars. When he saw Zhao attacking, he immediately entered Zhao Ying, pulled out Zhao's flag and planted the flag of the Han army. Zhao chased the Han army back to the position facing the Han River. No way back, the Han army, turned to fight to the death one by one. Zhao Jun failed to win the battle for a long time, and his morale began to decline. Later, when they suddenly found that the red flag of the Han army was planted in their own camp behind them, the morale of the army was suddenly in chaos and they fled everywhere. So, the Han army took the opportunity to attack before and after and broke the Zhao army. They killed Chen Yu and captured Zhao Wangxie alive. After the victory, a sergeant asked Han Xin, "According to Sun Tzu's Art of War, Bulie's position should be with the mountain on the right and the water on the left. This time, General last stand won the battle. What tactics is this? " Han Xin said: "This is also from Sun Tzu's Art of War. Sun Tzu's Art of War said: "If you are trapped, you will be born, and if you are trapped, you will live.". ".This is because if you put it to death, the soldiers will fight to the death to save their lives; Leave a chance to live. If you engage the enemy, it will be slightly unfavorable, and some may escape. "After the battle, people praised Han Xin's strategy.
Being able to write a poem in seven steps ―― sharp intelligence.
After Cao Cao's death, the eldest son Cao Pi succeeded to the throne. Xelloss was afraid that his younger brothers would compete with him, so he took the lead and seized the relieving of his second brother Cao Zhang. And forced the fourth brother Cao Xiong to hang himself. At this time, the third Cao Zhi was left, and Cao Pi hated it. Therefore, Cao Zhi was ordered to walk seven steps above the main hall, and then improvise a poem on the topic of "brother", but the word "brother" cannot appear in the poem, which is enough, otherwise it will hurt the killer. Without thinking about it, Cao Zhi blurted out immediately: "Boil beans and burn beans, and beans cry in the kettle. This is the same root, why rush to fry! " -This is the famous "seven steps into a poem". After hearing this, Cao Pi burst into tears, but he didn't do it. He just demoted Cao Zhi to Hou of Anxiang.
Expensive Paper in Luoyang ―― The Great Popularity of a Literary Works
Zuo Si, a writer in Jin Dynasty, was a naughty boy when he was a child, and he didn't like reading. Father often loses his temper, but Xiao Zuosi is still very naughty and refuses to study hard.
One day, Zuo Si's father was chatting with his friends, who envied him for having a clever and lovely son. Zuo Si's father sighed and said, "Stop talking about him. Zuo Si's study in childhood was not as good as that in my childhood. It seems that there is not much promise. " Said, and a look of disappointment appeared on his face. All this was seen and heard by Xiao Zuosi. He is very sad and thinks it is really useless not to study hard. So, I secretly made up my mind that I must study hard.
Day after day, year after year, Zuo Si grew up gradually. Because of his persistent hard work, he finally became a knowledgeable person, and his articles were very good. He spent a year writing Du Fu of Qi, which showed his talent in literature and laid the foundation for him to become an outstanding writer. After that, it is planned to write Sandu Fu with the customs and products of the capitals of Wei, Shu and Wu in the Three Kingdoms as the content. In order to reach a certain level in content, structure and language, he devoted himself to research, carefully wrote and forgot to eat and sleep for ten years, and finally wrote the literary masterpiece Sandu Fu.
Sandu Fu has always been criticized, and people compare it with Sandu Fu, a literary masterpiece of Han Dynasty. Because printing had not been invented at that time, people who loved Sandu Fu had to scramble to copy it. Because there were too many people copying it, the supply of paper in Luoyang, the capital, was in short supply, and the price of paper in the whole city once rose sharply.
This story comes from the biography of Jin Shu Wen Yuan Zuosi. The idiom "Luoyang paper is expensive" is to praise the popularity of excellent works.
Zeng butcher
Ceng Zi is a student of Confucius. Once, Ceng Zi's wife was going to the market. Because the child was crying, Ceng Zi's wife promised to help him kill the pig when he came back. After Ceng Zi's wife came back from the market, Ceng Zi caught pigs and killed them. His wife stopped him and said, "I'm just joking with the children." Ceng Zi said, "You can't joke with children. If children are not sensible, they should learn from their parents and listen to their instructions. Now you are coaxing him, that is, teaching children to lie. " So Ceng Zi killed the pig. Ceng Zi knew that honesty and trustworthiness were the basic principles of being a man. If you don't kill the pig by mistake, the pig at home will be saved, but it will leave an indelible shadow on the mind of a pure child.
burning books and burying Confucian scholars alive
Burning books and burying Confucianism occurred in the Qin Dynasty in ancient China. In the thirty-fourth year of Qin Shihuang (2 13 BC), the senior officials of the imperial court simply opposed the "county system" implemented at that time and demanded that the children be enfeoffed according to the ancient system. Li Si, the prime minister, refuted it and advocated that "Confucian scholars" (scholars) should be prohibited from slandering state affairs with private studies. Qin Shihuang adopted Reese's suggestion, ordered the burning of historical records of other countries except Ji Qin, and also handed over and burned poems and books that did not belong to the doctor's museum within a time limit; Some people dare to talk about the implementation of poems and books, praise the past, and talk about the genocide of current policies; Private schools are forbidden, and those who want to study law should take officials as teachers. This measure has aroused the dissatisfaction of many scholars. The following year, many alchemists and Confucian scholars attacked Qin Shihuang. Qin Shihuang sent people to investigate and buried more than 460 alchemists and Confucian scholars alive. Historically, these things have been called "burning books to bury Confucianism".
lay exposed/open to attacks on all sides
Xiang Yu and Liu Bang originally agreed to take the east and west of the gorge (in present-day Rongxian County, Jia Luhe) as the boundary, and they did not invade each other. Later, Liu Bang followed the advice of Sean and Chen Ping, and thought that Xiang Yu should be destroyed when he was weak. Then he chased Xiang Yu's army with Han Xin, Peng Yue and Liu Jia, and chased Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu) eastward. Finally, several layers of troops were arranged to tightly surround Xiang Yu (in the southeast of Lingbi County, Anhui Province). At this time, Xiang Yu's soldiers were few and there was no food. In the evening, when I heard the troops around him singing the folk songs of Chu, I couldn't help but be very surprised and say, "Did Liu Bang get Chu?" Why are there so many Chu people in his army? "Say, the in the mind has lost the morale, then get out of bed and drink in the camp; Sing with his favorite concubine Yu Ji. After singing, I cried, and everyone around me was very sad, and they all felt that they could not lift their heads. After a while, Xiang Yu got on the horse, took only 800 cavalry, and escaped from the south. Run away and fight, commit suicide by Wujiang River.