There are generally two views on the understanding of this poem:
1, Tu Su wine, is a wine soaked with tu su cao. At that time, it was a folk custom. On the first day of the first month, every family drank Tu Su wine according to their age.
2, refers to the grass temple, which means home.
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The first day of the lunar month
Wang Anshi
The roar of firecrackers, the old year has passed; The warm spring breeze ushered in the New Year, and people happily drank the newly brewed Tu Su wine.
The rising sun sheds light on doors of each household, New peachwood charm is put up to replace the old.
Su Zhe, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said in his poem "Except for Japan": "I don't know that for more than 70 years, I have been drinking Tu Su at the end of each year." Just like this poem, I mentioned the old people's drinking custom at the end.
The Tang Dynasty's Sui Ji Hua Li Yuan Ri Ru Note: "According to legend, it is the name of Cao An. Once upon a time, someone lived in a grass temple. Every year, except at night, they leave a patch, including a capsule, in the well. They take water until January and put it in a jar for the whole family to drink, so that they are not infected with the plague. Today, people have their own side and don't know their names, but they just call it' Tu Su'. "
This document is very important and helps us to understand the meaning of Tu Su. According to the above records, we can know: First, "Tu Su" is the name of a thatched cottage. Second, the famous doctor in this grass temple sent herbs to people to blend into medicinal liquor, which can avoid disaster after drinking. Third, the time is to send a pack of herbs on New Year's Eve so that people can drink wine during the Spring Festival. In this way, the three meanings in Ci Hai are closely linked.
Therefore, these three meanings seem completely different, but in fact they are closely related. Is it necessary to distinguish them in poetry and return to strict interpretation? I'm afraid not.
Because no matter what kind of explanation is made, it will not affect the artistic conception of the poem, but if the three explanations are unified, there will be richer content. As a great politician and philosopher, Wang Anshi wrote this poem not only to record the folk customs of the Spring Festival in the Song Dynasty, but also to express his political ideal of innovation.