The Xiaoling Mausoleum of Emperor Shunzhi, the first emperor to enter the Pass, is located on the central axis from Jinxing Mountain in the south to the main peak of Changrui Mountain in the north. The rest of the emperor's tombs use Xiaoling as the central axis and follow the principle of "centering for respect" The traditional concepts of "ordering the young and old" and "differentiating between superior and inferior" are arranged from east to west in a fan shape on both sides of the Xiaoling Mausoleum according to the mountain topography. Each mausoleum has a series of buildings built according to regulations, with the overall layout being front facing and sleeping in the back. The aesthetic thought of "a hundred feet is a form, a thousand feet is a potential" runs through every mausoleum building.
On the left of the Xiaoling Mausoleum is the Jingling Mausoleum of Emperor Kangxi, the holy ancestor, and on the second left is the Huiling Mausoleum of Emperor Mu Zong Tongzhi; on the right of the Xiaoling Mausoleum is the Yuling Mausoleum of Emperor Gaozong Qianlong, and on the second right is the Mausoleum of Emperor Wenzong Xianfeng. Dingling formed a pattern in which children and grandchildren accompany their fathers and ancestors, emphasizing the ethical concept of respecting the elders.
The Queen's Mausoleum and the Concubine's Garden were built next to the Emperor's Mausoleum, indicating the master-slave and subordinate relationship between them. The Shinto of the Queen's Mausoleum is connected to the Shinto of the emperor's mausoleum of this dynasty, and the Shinto of each emperor's tomb is connected to the Xiaoling Shinto on the central axis of the mausoleum area, thus forming a huge branch system. In the Qing Dynasty, 15 cemeteries were successively built here, and more than 160 people were buried here. They were all composed of palace walls, Long'en Hall, side halls, Fangcheng Minglou and Baoding. Among them, Fangcheng Minglou is the tallest building in each cemetery. There is a stone tablet inside. The posthumous name of the tomb owner is engraved on the tablet in Chinese, Manchu and Mongolian characters. Behind the Ming Tower is the Baoding (big tomb), and below it is the underground palace where the coffins are parked.
The Xiaoling Mausoleum uses Jinxing Mountain as the mountain (the mountain directly in front of the mausoleum), Yingbi Mountain as the mountain (the hill between the tomb and the mountain), and Changrui Mountain as the backing mountain (the mountain behind the mausoleum). (mountain), the connection between the three mountains is the axis of the Xiaoling Mausoleum building. Since the distance between Jinxing Mountain and Changrui Mountain is more than 8 kilometers long, the builders set up a 6-kilometer-long sacred road (a corridor specifically for coffins and sacred tablets to pass through), which will be separated from the stone archway (built with stone materials). The archway is the symbol of the entrance to the mausoleum area. Dozens of buildings on the Zhibaoding (the seal above the underground palace) run together and are divided into three sections according to the landscape. The first is the 1.5-kilometer-long section from Shipai Fang to Yingbi Mountain. In this section, a wide stone archway and a towering stele pavilion of divine merits and virtues (a square pavilion with a stone stele erected in praise of the emperor's virtues, also known as the big stele tower) are installed, echoing Jinxing Mountain and Yingbi Mountain. The second is the section about 3.5 kilometers long from Yingbi Mountain to Wukong Bridge. In this section, there are stone statues (a group of stone figures and stone animal sculptures on both sides of the sacred road), Longfengmen (a gate composed of three stone flame archways and four sections of glazed walls), a one-hole bridge, Low-level buildings such as the seven-hole bridge and the five-hole bridge are designed to harmonize with the surrounding flat terrain. The third is the section about 1 kilometer long from Wu Kong Bridge to Baoding. In this section, the Shinto Stele Pavilion (a square pavilion with a stone tablet inscribed with the emperor's posthumous title), Longen Gate (the main gate of the mausoleum), Longen Hall (the main hall for holding major festivals), Fangcheng ( Brick square city platform), Minglou (a square pavilion built on a square city with a tombstone inside and a plaque with the name of the mausoleum hanging on the eaves), Baoding, Baocheng (the city wall surrounding Baoding) and other major ritual buildings . And these buildings rise sequentially from south to north to cooperate with Changrui Mountain and the sand guards on both sides (the hills to the left and right of the mausoleum). The configuration and combination of these buildings are guided by the situation theory in Feng Shui. Their size, height, distance, and density are all visually controlled on the scale of "a hundred feet as a shape, a thousand feet as a potential". And the mountains and rivers are included in the scenery frame as the opposite, bottom and background scenery of the building, achieving the purpose of "holding the distance in a circular shape and gathering clever shapes to unfold the momentum".
People buried in the mausoleum People buried in the Xiaoling Mausoleum Buried in the Xiaoling Tomb Empress Xian’s Jingling Mausoleum buries the ancestor Kangxi Emperor Aixinjueluo Xuanye (1654-1722), who reigned for 61 years
The four empresses Xiaocheng, Xiaozhao, Xiaoyi, Xiaogong and Emperor Jingmin Imperial Concubine Yuling is buried in Emperor Gaozong and Qianlong Emperor Aixinjueluo Hongli (1711-1799), who reigned for 60 years
The two empresses Xiaoxian and Xiaoyi, and the three empresses Huixian, Zhemin and Shujia The imperial concubine is buried in the Dingling Mausoleum of Wenzong Xianfeng Emperor Aixinjueluo Yiqi (1831-1861), who reigned for 11 years
Empress Xiao Dexian is buried in the Huiling Mausoleum of Emperor Mu Zong Tongzhi Aixinjueluo· Zaichun (1856-1874)
Empress Xiaozheyi is buried in the Zhaoxi Mausoleum. Empress Xiaozhuangwen is buried in the Mausoleum of Xiaozhuang. The Erjigit clan (1641-1717)
28 concubines of Emperor Shunzhi were also buried in the mausoleum. Buried in the Puxiangyu Dingdong Mausoleum was the Empress Xiaozhenxian Niu Hulu (1837-1881). , that is, Empress Dowager Ci'an is buried in the Dingdong Tomb of Putuoyu. Empress Yehenala of Xiaoqinxian (1835-1908) is buried in the garden of the Imperial Concubine Jingling. Concubine Yihuang's concubine, Jingling Concubine Garden, is buried in the bedroom of Emperor Kangxi's 1 concubine, 11 concubines, 8 concubines, 10 nobles, 10 concubines, 8 permanent concubines, and 1 prince (eighteenth elder brother) Concubine Yuling Empress Uranala and 35 concubines who were demoted after Emperor Qianlong's death were buried in the garden. Emperor Xianfeng's 2 imperial concubines, 2 imperial concubines, 4 concubines, 4 concubines, and 3 ordinary concubines were buried in the garden. The four imperial concubines Shushen, Gongsu, Xianzhe and Ronghui of Emperor Tongzhi were buried in the Huiling Concubine Garden. Two princesses and two princes of Emperor Xuanzong and Daoguang were buried in the Princess Garden.