Hall of Supreme Harmony
(Known as Fengtian Hall and Emperor Hall in Ming Dynasty), commonly known as "Golden Hall", the Hall of Supreme Harmony is 35.05 meters high, 63 meters from east to west and 35 meters from north to south, covering an area of about 2,380 square meters.
The area is the largest among the main halls of the Forbidden City, and the shape is also the highest and most magnificent building.
The Hall of Supreme Harmony is a temple with five ridges and four slopes, with long ridges in the east and west and two oblique vertical ridges in the front and back, thus forming a roof with five ridges and four slopes, which is called fairy hall style in architectural terminology.
There are 10 animals in the cornice, which is a special case of ancient architecture in China.
From the Ming Dynasty in the14th century, the hanging eaves palace was the highest form of the feudal dynasty palace.
The Hall of Supreme Harmony has 72 pillars with a diameter of 1 m, among which 6 are dragon pillars coated with gold powder around the throne.
There are painted gold pillars and exquisite dragon caissons in the hall. In the middle of the hall is the symbol of feudal imperial power-the golden throne of Qi Diao Dragon, which is located on a 2-meter-high platform in the hall and houses the golden throne of Qi Diao Dragon. There are exquisite cranes, stoves and pots in front of the throne, and a carved dragon screen behind it.
The Hall of Supreme Harmony is the largest wooden structure building in the Forbidden City, the most spectacular building in the Forbidden City and the largest wooden structure building in China.
The whole hall is resplendent and magnificent.
The Hall of Supreme Harmony is the place where the emperor held important ceremonies.
That is, the emperor ascended the throne, birthdays, weddings, New Year's Day and so on are celebrated here.
On the day of the ceremony, there was a grand ceremony from the Hall of Supreme Harmony to Tiananmen Square. There is moderate and little music under the eaves of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, and there is single music in the Taihe Gate. The governors are on top of a single pen, and officials from one to nine products gather in a single pen to show "Pinji Mountain".
Central Harmony Hall
(Gaihua Hall and Relay Hall in Ming Dynasty) was built in the 18th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1420).
It is one of the three halls of the Forbidden City, located behind the Hall of Supreme Harmony.
Zhonghe Hall is 29 meters high, with a square plane, yellow glazed tiles at the four corners, a pyramid-shaped roof and a gold-plated roof in the middle.
There is a positive ridge in the center of the roof, with two vertical ridges in front and two vertical ridges in the back. The lower part of each vertical ridge is inclined with a fork ridge, which, together with nine positive ridges, vertical ridges and fork ridges, is called inclined mountain type in architectural terminology.
Zhonghe Hall is the place where the emperor rested and practiced etiquette before going to the Hall of Supreme Harmony for a ceremony.
Before going to the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the emperor stopped here for a short time, accepted the salute of cabinet ministers and officials of the Ministry of Rites, and then entered the Hall of Supreme Harmony for a ceremony.
In addition, before the emperor worships heaven and earth and the ancestral temple, he should also review the "classes" written in eulogy here; Before you go to * * * to plow, you should also look at the plowing tools here.
The Zhonghe Temple has experienced three fires and is now being rebuilt in the seventh year of tomorrow (AD 1627).
The hall was originally named Gai Hua Hall, and later changed to Zhongji Hall. In the second year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (AD 1645), it was called Zhonghe Hall.
Every time the emperor held a ceremony in the Hall of Supreme Harmony, he rested here and accepted the bow-down ceremony of officials.
Every spring, when offering sacrifices to the Xiannong altar, we also read the sacrificial ceremony here first.
I am also here to see the sacrificial altar, ancestral temple and state altar of Zhu edition.
Baohe Palace
(Fitness Hall and Pole Building Hall in Ming Dynasty) was built in the 18th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1420).
It is also one of the three halls of the Forbidden City, behind the Zhonghe Hall.
Baohe Hall is 27 meters high and has a building area of 580 square meters.
Plane rectangle, yellow glazed tile, four-corner tapered roof.
A pavilion-shaped square hall with four vertical ridges on the roof.
The top of the four ridges gather into a pointed shape, and the spherical treasure top is covered with a bronze tire, which is called the quadrangular pointed shape in architectural terminology.
Baohe Hall is the place where the emperor fetes foreign princes and ministers every New Year's Eve.
Baohe Hall is also the place where imperial examinations are held.
Reconstruction in Qing dynasty.
Formerly known as Shenshen Hall, it was renamed Jianji Hall in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty and Baohe Hall in Shunzhi period of Qing Dynasty.
Every year on New Year's Eve, the emperor would entertain the princes and ministers of various ethnic minorities here.
Since the late Qianlong period, it has become a place to hold "court examinations".
"palace examination" is the highest-level examination in the imperial examination system, which is held every three years. Those who are admitted are called "Jinshi", and the top three are "No.1 Scholar", "No.1 Scholar" and "Exploring Flowers".
The Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Zhonghe and the Hall of Baohe are all built on the 8-meter-high I-shaped abutment made of white marble, with Taihe in front, Zhonghe Hall in the middle and Baohe Hall in the back.
From a distance, it looks like a fairy que in Gong Qiong.
The abutments overlap three layers, and the upper edge of each platform is decorated with railings, watchposts and faucets carved with white marble. Among the three platforms, three stone steps are carved with dragons, which set off the "Imperial Road" with waves and flowing clouds.
There are 14 15 carved railings, Yunlong Xiangfeng 1460 carved sentry box and 165438 faucet on the 25,000m2 countertop.
Three sets decorated with so many white marble, with overlapping shapes, are unique decorative arts in ancient buildings in China.
And this kind of decoration is the drainage pipe of the countertop in terms of structure and function.
A small hole was carved under the railing. There is also a small hole carved on the faucet, which extends below the sentry post.
Every rainy season, three groups of rainwater are discharged from the small holes layer by layer, water flows out from the faucet, and the dragon sprays water, which is spectacular.
This is a scientific and artistic design.
According to its layout and function, the architecture of the Forbidden City is divided into two parts: the "outer courtyard" and the "inner courtyard".
The outer court, centered on the three halls of Taihe, Zhonghe and Baohe, is the place where the emperor held the court meeting, also known as the "former court".
It was a place where feudal emperors exercised their power and held grand ceremonies.
In addition, there are Wenhua Hall, Wenyuan Pavilion, Shangyuanyuan and Sonan on the east side of the two wings; There are buildings such as Wuying Hall and Interior Office in the west.
Inside the Taihe Gate, an open-air courtyard of more than 30,000 square meters is the center of the foreign dynasties: Hall of Supreme Harmony, Hall of Zhonghe and Hall of Baohe, which are collectively called the three halls (Fengtian Hall, Gaihua Hall and Shenshen Hall in the Ming Dynasty, and Jiajing was renamed Huangji Hall, Zhongji Hall and Jianji Hall).
Now it's called the name of the Qing Dynasty).
These three halls are the main buildings of the Forbidden City. Their heights and shapes are different, and their roofs are also different, so they are rich and varied but not rigid.