Arowana is a large freshwater fish. As early as the paleocarboniferous. The discovery of this fish began at 1829, in the Amazon basin of South America, and was named by American ichthyologist Dr. Vandell. 1933, a French ichthyologist, Dr. Belugalan, discovered red arowana in Saigon, Vietnam. 1966, French ichthyologists Bran and Doberton discovered another kind of arowana in Phnom Penh. Later, experts and scholars from some countries discovered other arowana species in Vietnam, Malaysia Peninsula, Sumatra, Bangka Island, Borneo and Thailand, so they divided arowana into arowana, orange arowana, arowana, white arowana, arowana and arowana. The real introduction of aquarium as ornamental fish began in the United States in the late 1950s, and it was not until the 1980s that it gradually became popular all over the world.
Fish is a carnivorous fish. From young fish to adult fish, animals must be fed with bait, especially small fish that are active. Animal internal organs, easily interfere with the digestive system, can not be fed. The artificial compound feed is mostly prawn feed (floating). Let me remind you that fish need all kinds of nutrients just like people. You can't feed bait. You should make a nutrition menu to ensure its balanced nutrition.
Arowana can adapt to the water temperature of 24~29℃. If fish adapt well, they can even adapt to the temperature of 22~3 1℃. However, arowana, like other ornamental fish, should avoid drastic changes in water temperature.
Chinese mainland calls it "arowana" and Hong Kong people call it "Dragon Tuzhu" (probably because the yolk sac of the young dragon looks like a dragon ball). Ostrich fish are distributed in four places: Asia, South America, Australia and Africa. Mainly produced in Indonesia and Malaysia.
Overview of arowana strains;
Asia: (1) Chili Red Dragon
(2) Blood Red Dragon
(3) Orange-red dragon
(4) Black Dragon Fish
(5) Jinlong
(6) Golden Dragon with High Back and Red Tail
(7) Golden Dragon with Red Tail
(8) Huangweilong
America: (1) arowana
(2) Black Dragon Fish
Australia: (1) Starfish
(2) Starspotted Dragon
Africa: African black dragon
Asian arowana can be divided into seven species according to pure blood: red pepper dragon, blood red dragon, orange red dragon, red-tailed golden dragon, blue dragon and yellow-tailed dragon.
Pepper Red Dragon: It grows in the south of Sentalam Lake and is the highest-priced red dragon at present. There are two scales: the first scale has a blue background; The second kind has green fish skin on its head. The price of red pepper dragon is very high, because it is rare, with thick frame scales (so its color is crimson), crimson gill cover and relatively large fins and caudal fins. The young of this fish can be easily identified from its broad body, big eyes, rhombic tail fin, pointed and protruding head and red fin, especially its pectoral fin. The diameter of its big eyes is usually equal to the distance from the eyes to the tip of the mouth. With a little green and yellow or orange scales. However, the color of this fish will take one and a half years at the earliest, and four years or even longer if it is slow.
Blood red dragon: the origin of blood red dragon is just the opposite of Chili red, in the north of Lake Santa Ram. The body of adult red dragon fish is mainly covered by thin scales, and the gill cover is also red. This fish has red fins, but its body is very slender. Different from Chili red, it will appear blood red soon after one year, so it is very popular with people. What's more, the price of this kind of fish is lower than that of Chili red because of its abundant supply. The body of its young fish is relatively longer than that of red pepper dragon, and its fins and eyes are smaller. In addition, the fins of young blood-red arowana are also red. The difference is that its tail fin is round, its head is not more prominent than that of the young red pepper arowana, and its scales are slightly light green and pink.
Orange-red dragon: It is found in the RiverKetongau River and its tributaries. The fully developed orange-red dragon is relatively longer than the blood-red dragon, and can generally grow to 90 cm. The gill cover of this fish is orange-red, and the scales are usually orange. Some orange dragons have orange-red fins, and some inferior orange dragons are even yellow. Unique, the head of the young fish is round. The color on the scales of this red dragon is often far less bright than blood red or Chili red, which makes people feel dull. In addition, the orange dragon with smaller eyes than Chili red is also the lowest price among the three red dragons. However, few people care about this fish.
Jinlong: As the name implies, this kind of arowana is commonly known as [MalayanBonytongue], [MalaysianGolden], [BukitMerahBlue], [Taiping Gold], [JohoreGold] and so on. , originated in Malaysia Peninsula. The charm and beauty of gold lies in the brightness of its scales. Unlike red-tailed gold, mature gold is covered with golden scales. The former only grows to the fourth row of abdomen. Not only that, the color of gold will deepen with the growth of fish age, just like crossing from one side of the fish to the other. Gold has several different background colors, but purple is the main color. Other rare ones are blue, green and gold. High-priced purple-edged back is the Japanese favorite variety. Thin frame means that there are more purple than gold on scales, and gold only appears at the edge of scales. This makes this fish look like a purple arowana with golden scales and golden gills. It is gorgeous and expensive, which makes people look askance. A young fish 7-8 cm long has a touch of gold on its gill cover. Followed by a blue-yellow straight line from beginning to end. By the time it grows to 9- 10 cm, the purple scales of purple gold have grown to the fourth row. Finally, when the length of 12- 15 cm is suitable for export, some arowana have even reached the fifth row, at least some of them are around the dorsal fin. Obviously, a six-to seven-month-old golden scale is as long as Phnom Penh, and a two-year-old fish is like a shiny gold nugget. Although the color of the tail fin is the same as that of the red tail gold, this feature of the former is in sharp contrast with the lower price of the latter. However, some gold also has lighter fins. In view of the similarities between overpriced gold and popular red-tailed gold, novices had better consult experts or buy from reliable farmers before buying.
Red-tailed Golden Dragon: Red-tailed Golden Dragon is native to Sumatra, Indonesia, and grows in the local [Beiganbalu River] and [Campari River]. The upper part of its body, including the scales in the fifth and sixth rows, is very unique in black or dark brown. So the gold on its scales can only reach the fourth row at most. This is definitely different from gold. There is another difference between it and dorsal gold, that is, the upper third of caudal fin and dorsal fin are dark green. As for the lower two-thirds of the caudal fin, it is orange-red like the anal fin, ventral fin and pectoral fin. This is similar to Super Red. Similar to Qinglong, a 7-8 cm long red-tailed gold with yellow fins. Only when the staple food of fish is shrimp rich in red pigment (β ~ carotene), the red color of fin will appear when it grows to 10 ~ 12 cm. By the time 15 ~ 20 cm long, the scale of Phnom Penh has also formed. This scale with Phnom Penh will' climb' to the fourth row at most. However, if you put back gold and red tail gold side by side, you will clearly perceive the difference between them. Even if both arowana are 15 cm long and the color reaches the fourth row of scales, you will still find that the golden color of the back gold is deeper than that of the red-tailed gold. But some fish are 5-8 years old, that is, the golden color of super red tail gold above 65cm will reach the fifth or even sixth row. It is generally believed that the Red-tailed Golden Man is more aggressive than the Red Dragon, but definitely gentler than the Golden Man. For this reason, it is relatively easier to keep eight or nine red-tailed gold or super red in an aquarium at the same time than to keep a whole tank of Malaysian golden dragons. Similar to gold, the background color of this arowana is different ~ blue, gold and cyan.
Qinglong: Among all the Asian arowana species protected by CITES, Qinglong has the lowest price. This is mainly because the origin of wild Qinglong is spread all over many countries in Southeast Asia. Because it is very popular with local college students in Japan, most farms registered under the Washington Convention have raised this fish. In this case, it is not surprising that Japanese aquarium importers buy 400 ~ 500 young black dragon fish at a time. The scales of Qinglong are translucent and opaque. Its lateral line is more conspicuous in the gray-green scales. A good blue dragon will have a faint blue or purple upper body. The head of adult fish is also round and small, which really looks different from other arowana species. Because the proportion of head and body of young black dragon fish is symmetrical, people think it looks better than adult fish.
Yellow-tailed arowana: This arowana is also often called Huanglong or Yellow-tailed arowana. The pink on the young fin of the yellow-tailed dragon will gradually disappear as it grows. The fins of adult fish are all yellow, hence the name. People often mistakenly think that this fish is a super red-yellow tail or green dragon mating in the wild, but it is not. It is indeed a species of arowana. Because the color of this fish is not bright at all, it is not liked by people. Because of its low commercial value, few farms are breeding pure yellow-tailed dragons; Instead, it is often used to breed with super red, thus breeding a red dragon with a size of one and a half. This fish mainly grows in rivers and tributaries near Bangamasin, a city in northern Kalimantan.
There are two kinds of arowana in Australia: Starspotted Dragon and Starspotted Dragon.
Scleropages leichardti: Produced in eastern Australia, it is very similar to Starbuck. Young fish are extremely beautiful, with a small head and many red star-shaped spots on the side. The gluteal fin, dorsal fin and caudal fin all have golden star-shaped spots. The adult fish is silvery white, with beautiful yellow, olive green dorsal fin and silvery luster on the abdomen. Every fin has a black edge. This is a nocturnal fish. In recent years, the Australian government has released a large number of fry of this fish, so the number will not be small.
Star-Spotted Dragon Scleropages Jardini: It is found in northern Australia and New Guinea, with a small body, a pointed mouth, a golden yellow body with silver in the middle, a half-moon scale, a little Phnom Penh on the cheek, and golden stripes on the dorsal fin of the tail fin. It is easy to raise and can be artificially propagated.
There are mainly three kinds of fishes in the family Brachyodontidae in South America: Silver Dragon, Black Dragon and Elephant Fish (also called Walrus and Giant Bone Tongue Fish).
Yinlong: Osteoglossum bicirrohomus is mainly produced in the Amazon basin of Brazil. 1929 was first discovered by ichthyologist Vandelli. It is a local edible fish. 1935 was introduced to the United States. 1955 was introduced to Japan. From 65438 to 0966, Mr Miyata of Kobe, Japan, successfully propagated artificially with hot springs in a tropical farm in Asu Changyang, Kyushu. However, what we see in the China market is very little artificial propagation introduced from South America through re-export in the United States. This kind of fish has huge scales and a pink semicircle. The fish body is metallic silver, which contains cobalt blue, blue and cyan. , and shine. Dorsal fin and gluteal fin grow backward, with long base, short caudal fin and large pectoral fin.
Black Dragon: The bone-tongued dragon is almost the same shape as the silver dragon. Adult fish are silver, but when they grow up, they tend to be black with purple-blue and gold stripes. Very ornamental. Young fish have obvious black stripes and yolk sacs hanging under pectoral fins, so Hong Kong people call them black dragon spit beads.
Elephant fish: Arapaima pirarucu is produced in Colombia and Brazil. It is very big and can grow to 5 meters long. Fish used as food in the country of origin. In recent years, due to the sharp decline in the number, it has been banned by the local government from fishing and selling, making it more difficult to export. I only saw a two-meter-long elephant fish in Wuhan New World Aquarium. The body is black and the scales have an orange-red frame. Very impressive. When its tail sweeps across the glass wall of the aquarium, it makes a loud noise.
There is only one kind of African bone tongue fish, called Nile Arowana, which is distributed in the middle and upper reaches of the Nile and tropical West Africa. Arowana similar in appearance to those in Asia and Australia. The outline from the snout to the front of the dorsal scale is not linear, and the mouth is large but not cracked, and it will only open when foraging. The body color is olive with gray instead of black. The Nile arowana in natural waters can be up to one meter long and weigh 6 kilograms. It can grow to 80 cm in an aquarium. It should be noted that this kind of fish eats plankton, such as earthworms and red worms, instead of eat small fish. Isn't it interesting for such a big fish to eat such a small thing? The upper parts of its fourth and fifth gills are spiral, similar to the respiratory organs of lost fish.
Branch generalization
Red dragon:
The scientific name of the red dragon: scleroderma.
English name: Red Arowana
Also known as:
Chili red dragon
Blood red dragon
Juhonglong
No.2 red dragon
Semi-arowana (including Singapore in JS's mouth)
Jinlong:
Golden dragon with back
Red-tailed golden dragon (including high back)
B (poor appearance):
Huang Jinlong a look back:
At present, the most expensive Asian arowana, the charm and beauty of Jinlong lies in the brightness of its scales. Unlike the red-tailed golden dragon, the hot-backed golden dragon is covered with golden scales. Not only that, the color of golden dragon with back will deepen with the growth of fish age, just like crossing from one side of the fish to the other. Gold has several different background colors, but purple is the main color. Other rare ones are blue, green and gold. A touch of gold can be seen on the gill cover of the young fish in the seventh and eighth company. Followed by a blue-yellow straight line from beginning to end. When it grows to 9 ~ 10 cm long, the purple scales have grown to the fourth row. Finally, when it grows to 12- 15 cm, which is suitable for export, the tail fin color of the back-crossing gold is the same as that of the red-tailed gold, but this feature of the former is in sharp contrast with the lower-priced gold. However, some gold also has lighter fins.
Red-tailed golden dragon (commonly known as gem):
The characteristics of the red-tailed golden dragon are that the back of the fish is dark green and the upper part of the dorsal fin and caudal fin is brown. The scale frame flashes golden yellow, and a good golden dragon will even reach 1/2 of the scale. There is no red mark on the gill cover, and it is completely bright golden yellow.
This arowana is very popular in Indonesia and Southeast Asian countries because of its moderate price and beautiful fish species. Mainly produced in Kalimantan and Sumatra, Indonesia.
Common red-tailed gold generally means that the scales are only below 4 rows:
Qinglong:
Distributed in Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam, Myanmar and other sea areas, the scales are blue, the fins and body color are blue-yellow, and the size is smaller than other arowana, and the lateral line is particularly obvious. A good dragon has purple spots on its scales. If not, it is the cheapest arowana. Some scales are translucent, while others are opaque. Its lateral line is more conspicuous in the gray-green scales. A good dragon will have a faint blue or purple upper body. The head of an adult fish is also rounder and smaller.
The black dragon fish is spindle-shaped, its back is olive-colored, and its side extends from the back of gill cover to the tail with numerous silver-blue longitudinal stripes. The anal fin also has longitudinal stripes similar to its body color, and the caudal fin is long and forked. Lemon-colored longitudinal stripes on male fish; Female fish have blue longitudinal stripes and silver-gray longitudinal stripes.
The body length of arowana can reach 60 cm. There are two kinds of arowana, one is melanin on each fin, and the other is yellow pigment on each fin.
Fins are blue and yellow, scales are blue. The snout is yellow, and the whole body is golden blue when it becomes a fish, hence the name Qinglong.
Silver dragon:
Mainly produced in the Amazon river basin, widely distributed, in Guyana, Peru, Iraq and other places can be seen in the waters. Its shape is flat and long, with a big head and a small tail. It has a pair of long whiskers and big eyes. Its body color is silver, the end of dorsal fin is slightly pink, and its body length can reach 100 cm. It is the mildest species of arowana.
Black dragon:
Located in Hanoi, nigro, in the Amazon River in South America, it looks like a silver belt and is flat and slender. When I was young, my body color was yellow, and there was a yellow horizontal line extending from head to tail. When it grows up, its fins will turn dark blue or even dark purple. Black belt is neurotic and weak, and needs careful care.
This fish was found in Rio Negro River 1966. The body shape is similar to that of a silver belt, except that it is slightly black when young. When you grow up, the black gradually fades, the scales become silver, and all the fins become dark blue. When it is super large, it tends to be black with purple and cyan. This fish is easily frightened and is currently protected in Brazil.
Star dragon:
Distributed in the eastern waters of Australia. It has a slender figure, dark brown and green olive on the back, silver on the side, one or two little red dot in the center of silver scales, and little red dot on the fins. Its beard is very short, with an average length of 50~60 cm and a maximum length of 90 cm. With a bad temper, it is difficult to mix cultures.