It is mainly caused by malnutrition or illness of sows during lactation. The following measures should be taken:
(1) Sows should be fed complete feed during lactation. Generally, you should feed freely. However, the feeding trough on the production bed used in most pig farms is not easy to achieve the purpose of free feeding, so the expected feed addition method can also be used. The feeding amount of general lactating sows is calculated according to the following formula: feeding amount of lactating sows = 1.5 kg +0.5 kg × number of piglets. For primiparous sows, give more, because sows themselves are still growing and developing. Pay special attention to the addition of minerals and vitamins, and supplement green feed if possible, such as alfalfa (powder) and carrots.
(2) Weaning sows with poor health should be done early, so that lean sows can return to mating status as soon as possible.
(3) In summer, the feed intake of lactating sows (and other pigs) decreased. In order to obtain the energy level required by pigs, 5% ~ 10% vegetable oil should be added to the feed to improve the energy concentration and avoid the influence of lean meat status of weaned piglets and sows on normal estrus mating.
(4) Vitamin E 400~600 mg twice a day for 3 days. If you don't estrus, you can feed it for two more courses. It can also be administered by injection.
(5) For infertile sows that have been bred repeatedly, vitamin E 800 ~ 1000 mg can be fed twice a day three days before estrus, with three days as a course of treatment, and breeding can be carried out after estrus.
(6) Some diseases, such as endometritis, should be treated symptomatically, and intrauterine flushing or feeding Chinese medicine preparations for promoting pregnancy should be adopted.
2. Postpone oestrus or not oestrus after weaning.
The key to promote the estrus of weaned sows is to make sows forget the "breastfeeding" state as soon as possible and enter the estrus state. Generally speaking, sows are in the physiological transition period within three days after weaning. If the sow is raised in a big fence or sports ground at this time, it will soon forget "breastfeeding" and enter estrus by fighting with each other and changing the feeding method. Therefore, it is a good way to promote sow estrus to transfer to sow pen 2 ~ 3 days after weaning. Below, we will elaborate on the causes and treatment methods of estrus after weaning.
(1) correctly master the initial mating period of young sows, domestic breeds and their hybrid young sows, and the initial mating period should be no earlier than 8 months old and the weight should be no less than 100 kg. Experienced pig farms let "three emotions", that is, let go of three estrus periods. Generally, an estrus cycle is 18 ~ 2 1 day, so young sows are mated about 2 months after the first estrus and estrus for the fourth time.
(2) adopting the feeding mode of "low pregnancy and high lactation" The correct feeding mode of sows should be "low pregnancy and high lactation", that is, sows should maintain their best physical condition during lactation, so that their weight will not drop too much when weaned. Lean multiparous lactating sows are fed in a continuous and intensive way. The daily feeding amount of lean breeds and binary hybrid sows is 4 ~ 5 kg (feeding 8 piglets), and when feeding 10 ~ 12 piglets, the daily feeding amount is 5 ~ 6 kg, so that the overall weight loss of lactating sows can be controlled within 60 kg, which is regarded as the standard of normal feeding amount. Select the complete feed special for lactating sows and feed it 3 ~ 4 times a day.
(3) As long as the greenhouse temperature rises above 33℃, you can spray water 1 time on the body of empty pregnant sows in the morning, at 3 pm, at 6 pm and at 9 pm respectively. But when the air humidity is too high, spraying water to cool down needs good ventilation. A special drip cooling device can be designed for lactating sows. It is reported that the daily feed intake of sows using drip cooling is 0.95 kg more, and the weight of sows decreases 13.7 kg during lactation.
(4) Feeding restriction In some pig farms, the feeding level of sows during lactation is very high. Under the condition of 28-day weaning, sows lose less weight during lactation and are overweight, which often affects sow estrus mating. By limiting the feed intake or adding 5% ~ 10% green feed to the sow's diet, the exercise and sunshine exposure of sows can be increased, so that sows will not be too obese. In recent years, in order to change the living conditions of sows, some pig farms have taken hunger stimulation measures. Sows should not be fed for 1 ~ 2 days after weaning, but they should not be short of water. Sows are in estrus quickly under the stimulation of hunger and return to normal feeding immediately after mating.
(5) Selection of complete feed special for sows The complete feed special for sows is carefully and scientifically formulated according to different physiological stages of sows, and the nutritional components of the diet fully meet the physiological needs of sows and will not adversely affect the reproductive performance of sows.
(6) Hormone aphrodisiac For sows in estrus, the following hormones can be used for aphrodisiac.
① intramuscular injection of diethylstilbestrol 3 ~ 10 mg or anterior pituitary gonadotropin100000 international units (5 million international units each time), with an interval of 4 ~ 6 hours, and administration at 1 ~ 2 days before the next estrus is predicted. However, attention should be paid to recording the situation and breeding in time.
② intramuscular injection of 2ml of tri-hormone, 4mg of diethylstilbestrol or 0.2 ~ 2.0 ml of cloprostenol 65438, and intramuscular injection of the same dose of drugs after 4 days in estrus sows. After treatment, the sow in estrus was injected with HCG100000 international units 8 ~ 12 hours before mating.
(3) Cloprostenol can effectively dissolve the residual corpus luteum on the ovaries of non-estrus reserve sows, and make sows estrus normally. Each sow was intramuscular injected with 2ml (0.2mg).
④ Intramuscular injection of 2 ml oxytocin and 4 oxytocin.
(7) Prevention and treatment of primary diseases, insisting on prevention and treatment of epidemic encephalitis B, classical swine fever, parvovirus disease, brucellosis, toxoplasmosis and other diseases; Timely treatment of sows with reproductive organ diseases; Don't use moldy feed; Sows suffering from metritis were treated with 40 ml of 2% ~ 4% baking soda solution or 20 ml 1% potassium permanganate or 50 ml of distilled water+6.4 million international units of penicillin+3.2 million international units of streptomycin, and the exudate was removed by catheter flushing twice a day for 3 days. At the same time, intramuscular injection of fetal hormonE 2 ml, pregnant horse serum 10 ml, vitamin e 2 and vitamin A 2 can promote estrus and ovulation of sows
(8) Take "one tease, two walks, three turns and four treatments" for those who are poorly managed.
One tease: chase sows that have not been in estrus for a long time with trial boars (every time 15 ~ 20 minutes, for 3 ~ 4 consecutive days), or drive them into the boar pen, and stimulate the boar to climb the hill to make the pituitary gland of the sow produce gonadotropin, thus promoting the sow to ovulate in estrus.
The second walk: drive the sow out of the pen every morning and exercise for 1 ~ 2 hours to accelerate blood circulation and promote estrus.
The third circle change: the sows that have not been in estrus for a long time will be transferred to the sow circle that is in estrus, and the estrus will be stimulated and ovulation will be promoted through the crawling of estrus sows. Generally, there will be obvious estrus after 4 to 5 times.
Four therapies:
① Chorionic gonadotropin: intramuscular injection of 5 million ~ 654.38+million international units at one time, such as intramuscular injection of 3 million ~ 5 million international units of chorionic gonadotropin and 654.38+00 ~ 654.38+05 ml of pregnant horse serum, can not only induce attraction, but also increase the litter size by 0.6 ~.
(2) Drinking brown sugar water: For sows that are not in estrus or have no feeling after delivery, take 250-500g of brown sugar according to their weight, put it in a pot, heat it, add a proper amount of water, boil it and mix it evenly, and feed it continuously for 2-7 days. Sows can go into estrus 2 ~ 8 days after eating and accept mating.
③ boar semen: After the boar semen is diluted by 1∶3, 1 ~ 3 ml is sprayed into the nose or nostril of sow, which shows estrus after 4 ~ 8h, and reaches the peak of estrus in12h. The optimal mating time is16 ~18h, and pregnancy occurs.
④ Boar urine: Boar urine contains pheromones, which can stimulate the pituitary gland of sows to produce gonadotropins and promote follicular maturation and ovulation. Let sow smell boar urine for 2 ~ 3 minutes before insemination, and then insert vas deferens into vagina. Tick back and forth to stimulate the vaginal wall and cervix for 2 ~ 3 minutes, and then inject semen. Results The conception rate in estrus increased by 16.7%, and the average litter size was 2. 1 1.
⑤ Feeding uterus and ovaries: 2 ~ 3 doses of ovaries and ovaries of castrated sows were fed for 2 ~ 3 days, and estrus appeared after 4 ~ 5 days.
⑥ Electroacupuncture Stimulation: Stimulate Baihui point and Aichao with electroacupuncture for 20-25 minutes, every other day 1-2 times.
⑦ Chinese herbal medicine for strengthening yang: 80g of Epimedium and 80g of Eupatorium adenophorum are decocted; Herba Epimedii100g, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae 80g, Flos Carthami 50g and Radix Angelicae Sinensis 50g are ground and mixed to feed.
3. Infertility of sows
(1) reason
① Diseases of reproductive organs are usually recessive, and the clinical symptoms are not obvious, which are more common in ovarian and oviduct umbrella cystic serositis and endometritis.
② Endocrine disorder, ovarian dysfunction, sexual cycle disorder and repeated infertility; Pituitary dysfunction indicates that it has reached mating age, but it is asexual.
③ Abnormal development of reproductive organs, hermaphroditism, congenital uterine abnormality, etc. This is rare. This kind of pig must be eliminated in seed selection.
④ improper feeding management
A. Overweight and thinness of sows can lead to sexual dysfunction, long-term estrus failure, abnormal estrus and recessive estrus.
B. Long-term lack of vitamin A, vitamin E or minerals in the diet will cause endocrine dysfunction of sows, leading to long-term infertility or recessive abortion.
C. When mating is untimely, sperm and eggs cannot be combined too early or too late.
D. The boar is over-bred, the semen quality is decreased, or the artificial insemination technology is poor. In addition, heat stress in summer has a great influence on semen quality of boars.
E. During the breeding process of 265,438+0 days, the early embryos died due to excessive diet supply or high temperature, and the phenomenon of not being worthy of seeds appeared.
(2) Prevention and control
(1) In the case of improper feeding management, increase nutrition for underweight sows, paying special attention to the addition of protein, minerals and vitamins; For obese sows, it is necessary to appropriately increase roughage, reduce feed and reduce fat. Seduce and massage breasts with boars. Constantly adjust the pens for sows and put them in a pen with estrus sows.
② Keep the pens clean and dry, prevent heatstroke in summer and keep warm in winter.
③ Do a good job in seed selection and estrus identification. Try boars every morning and evening in order to breed in time.
④ Strengthen the management of boar feeding, ensure the quality of semen, and operate correctly during artificial insemination.
⑤ Do a good job in delivery and postpartum care to prevent postpartum infection of sows. If inflammation of reproductive organs has been found, it can be treated with antibacterial drugs.
6. If all the above links are noticed, it is still not worthy of seeds. Follicle stimulating hormone, pregnant horse serum, human chorionic gonadotropin and other hormones that regulate reproductive function can be injected, but I suggest you not to use diethylstilbestrol, because it will not help your unfeeling pig.
4. Sows don't eat before giving birth
Failure to eat before delivery can lead to miscarriage, stillbirth, postpartum lactation, and even the death of mother and offspring.
The symptoms of (1) are generally loss of appetite or abandonment before delivery 1 week, listlessness, normal body temperature, breathing and pulse, inability to lie on the ground or lie up and down from time to time, constipation, decreased urine volume and frequency, and the sow is getting thinner.
(2) Prevention
① Strengthen feeding management, feed more green and juicy feed, reduce the volume and feed less. It is forbidden to feed moldy and frozen feed.
② Reduce stress and increase exercise.
③ Pregnant sows should not be fed cottonseed cake, and gossypol contained in cottonseed cake is not good for the mother, even after detoxification, they should not be fed to sows.
(3) The treatment principle is antibacterial, controlling systemic infection, invigorating heart and replenishing fluid, relieving exterior toxicity, nourishing blood and preventing miscarriage, and regulating spleen and stomach.
(1) penicillin 3.2 million international units, 25% vitamin C 20 ml, normal saline 1000 ml, one-time intravenous injection or intraperitoneal infusion; 25% metamizole sodium 10 ml intramuscular injection twice a day for 2 ~ 3 days.
② Chinese medicine prescription: Rehmannia glutinosa, Angelica sinensis, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae and Radix Dipsaci each 45g, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, parched hay, Fructus Amomi and Scutellariae each 30g, glutinous rice 120g, decocted in water, 2 doses.
5. Sows don't eat after delivery
Generally, sows are weak after delivery. When suckling piglets are born, the feed intake should be increased, but in production, sows often have symptoms of not eating. Let's elaborate on this problem in detail.
Postpartum anorexia in sows is a syndrome of digestive dysfunction and anorexia in pigs. It is not an independent disease, but a symptom caused by many factors. It is very common in sow production. Once it happens, if it is not cured in time, it will often affect the normal growth of piglets, even lead to the death or forced elimination of sows, affect the continuation of normal production, and bring certain economic losses to pig farms.
(1) etiology
① Because pigs are fed too much concentrate before delivery, especially too much bean cake, the feed lacks minerals and vitamins, especially trace elements, which increases the gastrointestinal burden and causes indigestion.
(2) Piglets are restless due to lack of milk, which interferes with the rest of sows and leads to digestive system disorder of sows.
3 postpartum can not eat because of vaginitis, metritis and urethritis.
(4) Due to the difficulty in delivery, long labor process, overwork of sows, cold and high fever, sows do not eat after delivery.
(2) Preventive measures
① Strengthen feeding management, reasonably match feed, and provide digestible and nutritious feed and green and juicy feed for sows.
② Strengthen the feeding management of pregnant sows and give them proper exercise when conditions permit.
③ Timely treat various primary diseases of sows, such as vaginitis, metritis and urethritis.
(4) Carefully observe the mental state of sows, regularly check their body temperature, and keep the delivery room clean and hygienic.
(3) Methods of diagnosis and treatment In case of postpartum loss of appetite or abandonment, sows should immediately find out the reasons and do symptomatic treatment:
(1) Postpartum sows are exhausted, with normal or low body temperature, cold limbs, pale mucosa, unwillingness to walk and poor mental state. If not treated in time, she may die. Treatment: hydrocortisone 7 ~ 10 ml, 50% glucose 100 ml, vitamin C 20 ml, intravenous injection once.
② A large amount of lactation of postpartum sows leads to the decrease of blood glucose and calcium concentration, which leads to the sows not eating after delivery. Treatment: 10% calcium gluconate 100 ~ 150 ml,10 ~ 35% glucose 500 ml, vitamin C 10 ml× 2, intravenous injection for 2 ~ 3 days.
(3) Because the disinfection of pens and midwifery is not strict when sows give birth, pathogenic bacteria take advantage of it and cause urinary system diseases, which leads to pigs not eating after delivery. Treatment: penicillin 4.8 million international units, 10% caffeine sodium 10 ~ 20 ml, vitamin C 10 ml ×2 tablets, 5% glucose saline 500 ml, intravenous injection, twice a day, for 2 ~ 3 days. If the pathogen invades the uterus, clean the sow uterus with disinfectant.
④ Sows do not eat food due to cold and high fever after delivery, and the clinical symptoms are obvious, which are often manifested as high body temperature, rapid breathing and heartbeat, chills in limbs and ear tips, breast contraction and decreased lactation. Treatment: gentamicin 5 ml× 5, anemone 20 ml, vitamin C 20 ml, anemone 10 ml, 5% glucose saline 500 ml, twice a day.
(4) Prevention and treatment of postpartum anorexia is the most common symptom in large-scale pig farms, especially in hot summer. From years of research and practice, it is gradually concluded that strengthening the nutritional supply of pregnant sows and lactating sows, feeding more green and juicy feed, feeding light laxatives such as magnesium sulfate and sodium bicarbonate as appropriate in hot season, cleaning the delivery room, creating a suitable environment and paying attention to heatstroke prevention and cooling can greatly reduce the occurrence of postpartum anorexia. At the same time, early detection and early treatment are needed to achieve satisfactory results.
6. Postpartum loss of appetite in sows
(1) reason
(1) Postpartum sows are weak in physique and digestive ability, and often gluttony and lactation, such as eating too much at one time, which leads to indigestion and affects appetite.
② Sows are extensively raised for a long time, and the feed is monotonous and lack of nutrition, which will affect the digestive function for a long time.
(3) Due to malnutrition at ordinary times, coupled with postpartum fatigue of sows, physical exhaustion leads to loss of appetite.
(4) During delivery, the weather is cold, the pigsty is poorly insulated, the sow is cold or the temperature is too high, and the pigsty is poorly ventilated, resulting in poor appetite.
⑤ Overfeed and insufficient crude fiber can easily lead to gastric ulcer or constipation in sows, leading to loss of appetite.
6. Sows swallow the afterbirth and stillbirth, causing indigestion.
⑦ Abdominal pressure of sows suddenly drops after delivery, which affects normal digestive function.
(8) The sow is infected with metritis and mastitis, which causes the body temperature to rise and loss of appetite.
(2) Prevention
① Sows should be fed regularly and quantitatively, and the feed should be diversified. According to the standard, reduce the feeding frequency and avoid sudden change of feed.
② Pay attention to nutrition regulation and supplement protein, vitamins and minerals, so as to enhance the physique of sows.
③ Pregnant sows should maintain a certain crude fiber content (8% ~ 12%) and be fed with green feed.
④ Exercise properly to enhance physical fitness.
⑤ Do a good job in disinfection of delivery rooms, delivery tools and birth attendants to prevent sow birth canal infection. Injection of penicillin and streptomycin after delivery.
(3) treatment
① Hydrocortisone 0.5%, Anemone 30%, penicillin, intramuscular injection. Or musk injection 6 ~ 10 ml and angelica injection 8 ~ 10 ml, and intramuscular injection at one time.
② Wash and chop 500g kelp, stew it with 1kg fresh meat bone and 3kg water for three times, daily 1kg.
③ Chinese medicine prescription: 40g of cassia twig, 30g of salvia miltiorrhiza, motherwort, radix aucklandiae, Chinese angelica, Ligusticum chuanxiong, 30g of hawthorn, pollen, kudzuvine root and Massa Medicata Fermentata, 20g of bitter orange and 20g of licorice root, and decoction 1 dose.
7. Sows give birth to deformed piglets
If the sow is a close relative, it can give birth to deformed piglets. But some of them are not necessarily close relatives, so they may be related to chromosome translocation, gene recombination and harmful gene dominance. Deformed piglets should be treated in time except those that can be operated. In addition, you should choose a large breeding company to buy breeding pigs, because such companies have superb breeding methods, which can eliminate harmful genes and make breeding pigs have better genetic quality.
8. Sows have no milk after delivery, and the amount of milk is very small.
(1) In addition to breed characteristics and sow malnutrition, obesity or thinness, it may generally be caused by mastitis and endometritis. When suffering from mastitis, the sow is short of breath, fever, breast swelling and hard, unable to milk, and refuses to breastfeed piglets because of pain; When suffering from endometritis, vaginal lochia persists or festers. It is caused by reproductive disorders such as Japanese encephalitis and parvovirus, stillbirth, fetal mummification and premature delivery. In addition, endocrine disorders, premature breeding of reserve pigs, mammary gland hypoplasia and so on. , may lead to postpartum lactation or lactation deficiency in sows.
(2) Prevention and control
① Sows should be fully bathed and disinfected before entering the delivery room.
(2) Do a good job in disinfection of delivery, keep the environment quiet, and inject a shot of penicillin and streptomycin after delivery.
③ The sows with inflammation were treated with penicillin and streptomycin.
(4) Wash the fetal membranes and stillbirths, add water and salt, cook them properly, and mix them several times for the sows to take orally.
⑤ Earthworms, river shrimps and small fish (especially crucian carp) all have lactation function and can be cooked for sows.
⑥ Chinese medicine prescription: Angelica sinensis 30g, Semen Vaccariae 30g, Radix Rhapontici 30g, and medulla Tetrapanacis 30g, decocted in water and fed with bran, once a day, for 3 days.
⑦ The feed intake of sows should be reduced before delivery 1 week, and generally should be controlled at around 1kg, so as to prevent excessive prenatal feeding, which will reduce the feed intake after delivery and cause lactation deficiency.
⑧ After repeated acid-base disinfection, especially the netted bed, there may be some burrs that are harmful to sows. On the one hand, it will wear out the breast skin of sows and cause traumatic mastitis; On the other hand, it is easy to cause harm to piglets, so we must pay attention to the timely maintenance of the net bed.
9. Prevention and treatment of postpartum metritis in sows
In recent years, the incidence of sow metritis in intensive pig farms is on the rise, especially in summer and high temperature season, the postpartum incidence of sows is obviously increased, and the incidence of some farms is as high as 40% ~ 60%. The incidence of metritis is high and the cure rate is low. If it takes a long time, it will become chronic or recessive metritis, which will seriously affect the estrus, mating and pregnancy of sows (especially purebred sows). About half of the eliminated sows with repeated infertility are caused by metritis, which makes the pig industry suffer huge economic losses. This paper briefly introduces how to take measures to reduce the incidence and loss.
Etiology of multiple uterine inflammation in summer (1)
(1) Sows are kept in single row for a long time, lacking exercise, high heat stress, weak constitution, great physical exertion during delivery, and decreased resistance.
② The uterine contraction is weak during delivery, and the prolonged labor process causes different degrees of birth canal damage, especially during dystocia, when the midwife reaches in to assist, it often damages the sow endometrium, causing internal bleeding until inflammation and suppuration.
(3) In pig farms that don't use leaky floors, feces can't be removed in time, and when sows lie down, feces will pollute the open birth canal and cause inflammation.
(4) It is also possible that the sterilization is not strict and the technology is not skilled during artificial insemination, which leads to the occurrence of metritis in some sows.
Especially in summer, various pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Proteus, Streptococcus, Klebsiella, Staphylococcus, etc. ) Reproduction in the external environment is very rapid, and it is very easy to pollute the damaged birth canal and cause inflammation. We should pay more attention to management and not be careless.
(2) Clinical symptoms: postpartum loss of appetite, increased body temperature, accelerated breathing and listlessness; The vulva exudes a large amount of purulent yellowish and grayish mucus, which gives off a foul smell and mostly adheres to the vulva and tail; Sometimes constipation can also be seen; Estrus is not obvious or estrus symptoms are not obvious after weaning, and estrus time is irregular. Most sows sing when mating and are unwilling to accept mating. After mating, most people will not get pregnant.
(3) In case of metritis, long-acting antibiotics should be used in time to kill the infected pathogens; At the same time, it is necessary to inject drugs such as prostaglandin or oxytocin to promote uterine contraction, so as to discharge inflammatory pus, so that the uterine mucosa can recover as soon as possible and restore reproductive function. However, it is difficult to treat metritis and it takes a long time to recover slowly. Especially in summer, the incidence of metritis is high and the cure rate is low. Therefore, we must pay attention to prevention and focus on: strengthening the disinfection of breasts and hindquarters before and after delivery in delivery rooms and sows; Keep the delivery room clean and dry, and try to reduce the number of pathogens on the body surface and environment of sows.
(4) Prevention: ① Intramuscular injection of 10 ml of long-acting dexamethasone within 8 hours after delivery or after the birth of the first piglet can effectively prevent various bacteria from infecting the birth canal and uterus. ② Try to reduce the number of injections to sows and avoid unnecessary stress.
In addition, 1% potassium permanganate or a new iodine disinfectant, Baijunxiao1∶1000 ~1500, can also be used to wash the uterus, promote the discharge of dirt, facilitate the early recovery of the reproductive tract, and ensure estrus mating and pregnancy in the later period. As long as the environmental sanitation and disinfection of sow body surface are done well and long-acting antibiotics are used for health prevention after delivery, the incidence of postpartum infection and metritis will be greatly reduced. Even if it still occurs, its symptoms are mild, the course of disease is short, the recovery is fast and the loss is small.
10. Ovarian cyst
(1) Etiology This is one of the most common ovarian diseases in pigs. It occurs on one or two ovaries, and some blisters can reach more than 5 cm in diameter. Sometimes there are more than a dozen such bubbles, and some even have more than 500 grams. The growth, development, maturation and ovulation of follicles depend on the balance between follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone in the pituitary gland. Especially when ovulating, the balance between them is more important. If the balance is not reached, luteinizing hormone will be reduced, anovulation will occur, and many vesicles will gradually remain in the follicle, which will increase the follicle.
(2) Symptomatic follicular cysts can be divided into follicular cysts and corpus luteum cysts. As far as the pig itself is concerned, it is mainly a corpus luteum cyst, and its clinical symptom is estrus.
(3) Prevention and treatment of luteinization caused by the use of luteinizing agents such as luteinizing hormone releasing hormone or human chorionic gonadotropin. Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone 100 ~ 300 micrograms was injected into muscle once, and ovarian response was judged by rectal examination, and it was used repeatedly for 2 ~ 4 times. Generally, it takes about 22 days from treatment to estrus, and the estrus rate can reach 77.4% and the pregnancy rate can reach 70.3%. In addition, gonadotropin in the anterior pituitary gland can also be injected into muscles, which can also achieve good pregnancy effect.
1 1. Postpartum fever in sows
During the period of 1 ~ 3 days after delivery, the sow was infected by bacteria in the birth canal or uterus, resulting in high fever. The light person has a low fever and the spirit is still good; What's more, when the body temperature is above 4 1℃, people are depressed, unable to eat, unable to lie on the ground, shivering, and purulent secretions flow out of the vagina.
Antibacterial drugs such as penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline and oxytetracycline can be used for sterilization, anti-inflammation and fever reduction. Use pituitrin to promote uterine contraction and discharge uterine contents. It can also be treated with traditional Chinese medicine prescription (see question 59).
12. Postpartum paralysis of sows
The disease is a serious acute and neurological disorder that occurs suddenly after delivery in sows, and is characterized by loss of consciousness and quadriplegia.
The etiology of (1) is unknown. It is generally believed that the dysfunction of cerebral cortex is caused by the sudden drop of blood sugar and calcium and the drop of postpartum blood pressure.
(2) Symptoms
(1) sows are listless, and all reflexes become weak or even disappear. Loss of appetite or loss of appetite. The feces are dry and hard, and then stop excreting feces and urine. Sows have difficulty or can't stand, or are in a coma. There is little or no milk. Sometimes sick pigs lie down. Don't let the piglets suck.
② Postpartum paralysis of sows, also known as postpartum paralysis or wind paralysis, is an acute hypoglycemia characterized by loss of consciousness and quadriplegia, which has nothing to do with breed, age, parity and obesity. Most of them are caused by improper feeding management, insufficient calcium and phosphorus in feed or imbalance of calcium and phosphorus ratio, insufficient exercise and light, damp shed and other reasons, which seriously affect the production performance of sows and the survival rate of piglets.
③ Postpartum paralysis of sows mostly occurs in 2 ~ 5 days after delivery. The symptoms are: loss of appetite, less dry feces, then stop defecation and urination, normal or slight increase in body temperature, listlessness, lethargy, unstable gait, weakness of hind legs, inability to lie on the ground for a long time, numbness and chills in limbs, weakened or unresponsive response to external stimuli, muscle sensitivity and pain, superficial breathing, and gradual emaciation and failure.
(3) Prevention adheres to the principle of giving priority to prevention, and prevention is more important than treatment.
Improve feeding management, rationally match nutrients and supplement mineral feed. Strengthen the prenatal and postnatal care of sows, put more clean hay, and turn over manually 2 ~ 3 times a day. Strengthen prenatal exercise to ensure adequate light. Keep the pigsty dry and well ventilated. Pregnant sows are fed no less than 20g of bone meal and 20g of salt every day. Feed digestible and nutritious lean green feed.
(4) Prevention and control measures
① Each pig should be supplemented with bone meal (animal bone meal, preferably dog bone meal) 20-40g, calcium lactate 5g or calcium hydrogen phosphate 30-35g every day, and fed with 20ml of cod liver oil for livestock and poultry twice a day for 10 day.
② Intravenous injection of 50 ~ 10% calcium gluconate or 1 00 ~ 250 mg of 25% ~ 50% glucose 1 time,1time twice a day for 3 days. At the same time, scrub the limbs of sick pigs with rice wine or hot water, 1 ~ 2 times a day.
③ Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. 25g, 30g of aspergillus aspergillus, 20g of angelica sinensis, 40g of rhizoma cibotii, 20g of kadsura, 20g of rhizoma homalomenae, 20g of Achyranthes bidentata, 20g of Chaenomeles sinensis, 20g of Massa Medicata Fermentata13g, 20g of perilla stem, 30g of radix rehmanniae, decoction, and rice wine100ml.
④5% ~ 10% calcium chloride 20 ~ 50ml 1 time, 5g calcium gluconate tablets, three times a day.
⑤ Radix Cyathulae 15g, Radix Angelicae Pubescentis 15g, Radix Dipsaci 30g, Inula 15g, Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae 30g and Eucommiae Cortex 15g. , Ligusticum Chuanxiong 12g, Radix Paeoniae Rubra 12g and Fructus Chaenomelis 30g. If the sow is paralyzed and the milk yield is insufficient, 30 grams of cowseed can be added.
⑥ Grind 270g of bone meal, 40g of Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae and 20g of Semen Strychni into fine powder, mix them evenly and feed them. Pigs below 50kg were fed 10 ~ 20g each time, and pigs above 50kg were fed 20 ~ 35g each time, twice a day for 7 days.
All landowners with fresh dog bones pounded into mud soup feeding, each