Who is the founder of TCM?

it's Zhang Zhongjing! Because it's in the first grade textbook! On page 92!

Zhang Zhongjing, Zi Ji, was a famous physician in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Born in the first year of Emperor Huan's peace (AD 15), he died in the 24th year of Jian 'an in Xian Di (AD 219), and was born in Nieyang, Nanyang County (now Nanyang County, Henan Province).

Zhang Zhongjing was studious and well-read in his youth, and he was very interested in medicine. He was influenced and inspired by Bian Que, an ancient famous doctor, from the history books, and once worshipped Zhang Bozu, a famous Chinese medicine practitioner in his hometown as a teacher. He was extremely indignant at the scholars who pursued power, fame and fortune and were not proficient in medical prescriptions at that time, and thought that those who turned to witchcraft and superstition for help when they were sick were "bowing to their ambition, admiring witchcraft and praying for poverty and dying for defeat".

From 196 to 24 AD, three people died of endemic diseases in Nanyang, and the other ten died of typhoid fever. Faced with this situation, Zhang Zhongjing resolutely resigned as a doctor and made a careful study on the causes and treatment of typhoid fever. He inherited the regular knowledge of dialectical treatment from the medical works left by his predecessors, collected folk prescriptions and treatment methods, and combined with his own medical experience to sum up and improve them. On the one hand, he treated people and on the other hand, he wrote Treatise on Febrile Diseases. This book was collated by later generations and compiled into Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Synopsis of the Golden Chamber.

Treatise on Febrile Diseases is a monograph on various exogenous diseases. The book * * * has 12 volumes, 22 articles and 397 prescriptions. Except for repetition, * * * has 112 prescriptions. The whole book focuses on a series of pathological changes caused by human body feeling the evil of wind-cold and the methods of dialectical treatment. He divided the symptoms into six types: sun, Yangming, shaoyang, Taiyin, Jueyin and Shaoyin, which are called "six meridians". In treatise on febrile diseases, the different symptoms of six meridians disease run through the basic content of yin and yang, which is called eight classes.

synopsis of the golden chamber is a special book for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. * * * There are 25 articles, including the diagnosis and treatment of more than 4 diseases. In addition to Treatise on Febrile Diseases and A Brief Introduction to Jin Zang, Zhang Zhongjing also wrote many works, such as Treatise on Diseases, Treatise on Five Zangs, and Theory on Tongue and Teeth, but they have all been lost.

Zhang Zhongjing has been called a "medical sage" since the reign of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. His "Six Classics" differentiation, TCM diagnosis of yin and yang, exterior and interior, deficiency and excess, cold and heat and the principle of dialectical treatment laid the foundation for Chinese medicine in the motherland.

Zhongjing

In the Ming Dynasty, Chen Jiamo quoted the poem Tu Zan, a famous doctor in the past dynasties, to praise Zhang Zhongjing and his Treatise on Febrile Diseases:

Zhang Zhongjing, a famous machine, was said to have been the prefect of Changsha, so he was called Zhang Changsha. Nieyang, Nanyang County (now Nanyang County, Henan Province) was born in the first year of peace in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 15), died in the twenty-fourth year of Jian 'an (AD 219), and lived for about seventy years.

He has been studious and thoughtful since he was a child. "Broaden his knowledge of books and learn Taoism." When he was ten years old, he had read many books, especially books about medicine. His fellow countryman He Qing appreciated his intelligence and specialty, and once said to him, "You will be a good doctor if you use your mind carefully but your rhyme is not high" (Biography of He Qing). Later, Zhang Zhongjing really became a good doctor and was called "the sage of medicine and the ancestor of prescription." Of course, this is related to his "using the essence of thinking", but it is mainly the result of his love for the medical profession and his good at "assiduously seeking the ancient teachings and learning from all sides".

He was in the turbulent last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, with years of melee, "the people abandoned agriculture", urban granges were mostly wilderness, and the people were displaced and hungry. Plague broke out continuously in various places, especially in Luoyang and Nanyang, and the epidemic situation in Huiji (Shaoxing) was serious. "Every family has the pain of zombies, and every room has the wailing;" Zhang Zhongjing's family is no exception. Zhang Zhongjing witnessed this sad scene. "It's hopeless to feel the loss of the past" (preface to Treatise on Febrile Diseases). Therefore, he made a determined effort to study medicine and determined to be a doctor who could relieve people's sufferings. "In order to cure the diseases of your relatives, in order to save the poor and lowly, in order to protect your health and raise your life" (preface to Treatise on Febrile Diseases). At that time, there was a man in his clan named Zhang Bozu, a very prestigious doctor. Zhang Zhongjing went to worship him as a teacher in order to study medicine. Seeing that he was smart and eager to learn, Zhang Bozu gave him his medical knowledge and skill without reservation, but Zhang Zhongjing actually passed it on. He Qing once praised in the book Xiangyang Fu Zhi: "Zhongjing's skill is better than Bozu's".

Zhang Zhongjing advocates "assiduously seeking ancient teachings" and earnestly studies and summarizes the theoretical experience of predecessors.

He has carefully studied the ancient medical books such as Su Wen, Ling Shu, Nan Jing, Da Lun of Yin and Yang, and Yao Lu of Pregnancy. Among them, Su Wen had the greatest influence on him. "Su Wen" said: "People with husband fever are all typhoid fever and the like." He also said that "when people are injured by cold, they are sick and hot." Zhang Zhongjing developed this theory according to his own practice. He believes that typhoid fever is the general name of all fevers, that is, all diseases caused by exogenous diseases can be called "typhoid fever". He also carefully studied the treatment principle of "syndrome differentiation and treatment" left by predecessors, thus putting forward a new view of "six meridians on typhoid fever"

in addition to "assiduously seeking ancient teachings", he also "learned from many prescriptions" and extensively collected effective prescriptions for ancient and modern treatments, even folk prescriptions. He studied many kinds of specific treatments that people like to use, such as acupuncture, moxibustion, warm ironing, rubbing medicine, sitting medicine, bathing, moistening and guiding, soaking feet, ear irrigation, ear blowing, sublingual medicine, artificial respiration and so on, and accumulated a lot of information.

Zhang Zhongjing went to Luoyang, the bustling capital, to practice medicine in order to broaden his horizons and "learn from others" and exchange experiences with his peers. At that time, Wang Can (Zi Zhongxuan), one of the "Seven Scholars" in the literary history (Kong Rong, Chen Lin, Wang Can, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Ying Yang and Liu Zhen), was the most accomplished writer and poet among the "Seven Scholars". He is in close contact with Zhang Zhongjing. Through contact, Zhang Zhongjing, with his years of medical experience, gradually discovered that this writer, who was only in his twenties, was hiding the source of the terrible "furuncle disease". One day, he said to Wang Can, "You are already ill, so you should be treated as soon as possible. Otherwise, by the age of forty, eyebrows will fall off. Half a year after the eyebrows fall off, they will die. Now they can be saved by taking Wushi Decoction. " However, Wang Can was very unhappy. He thought he was elegant and noble, and there was nothing wrong with his body. He didn't listen to him, let alone take medicine. A few days later, Zhang Zhongjing saw Wang Can again and asked him, "Did you take medicine?" Wang Can lied to him and said, "I have already eaten." Zhang Zhongjing carefully observed his look, shook his head, and said to Wang Can seriously and affectionately, "You didn't take medicine, and your look is the same as before. Why do you take your life so lightly? " Wang Can never believed Zhang Zhongjing's words. Twenty years later, his eyebrows fell off slowly, and he died half a year later.

Zhang Zhongjing loves medicine major, attaches great importance to clinical practice, and always "differentiates symptoms and signs" to sum up his clinical experience seriously. According to legend, Zhang Zhongjing was about fifty years old and worked as a satrap in Changsha. At that time, he never forgot his clinical practice and the sufferings of the people. But after all, he was a big official. In feudal times, officials were not allowed to enter houses or get close to ordinary people casually. What should I do? He figured out a way to choose the first and fifteenth days of each month, open the yamen wide, don't ask about political affairs, and let the sick people in. He sat upright in the lobby and carefully treated the people one by one. After a long time, it became a routine. On the first and fifteenth days of the first day, many patients from all sides gathered in front of his yamen waiting to see a doctor. In memory of Zhang Zhongjing, people later called the doctor sitting in the drugstore to treat patients "Zuotang", and that doctor was called "Zuotang doctor".

at that time, although Zhang Zhongjing was an official, he was not keen on official positions. Soon, he "saw the failure of the government in Japan" and sighed and said to people: "Your illness can be cured, but the national illness is difficult to cure." So he hung up his crown and fled to Shaoshi Mountain (The Book of Chinese Medicine Series Cong Gui Ou Ji), specializing in summing up experience and writing medical works.

after decades of struggle, Zhang Zhongjing collected a lot of information, including his personal experience in clinical practice, and wrote sixteen volumes of Treatise on Febrile Diseases (also known as Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Death). This book was written around AD 25 and became "popular in the world". In the Jin Dynasty, the famous doctor Wang Shuhe arranged it. In the Song Dynasty, it was gradually divided into Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Synopsis of the Golden Chamber. Synopsis of the Golden Chamber is the miscellaneous disease part of the book.

Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseases is the earliest special book on clinical diagnosis and treatment in China. It systematically analyzes the causes, symptoms, development stages and treatment methods of typhoid fever, creatively establishes the principle of syndrome differentiation and treatment of typhoid fever according to the classification of six meridians, and lays the theoretical foundation of principle, method, prescription and medicine. More than 3 prescriptions are selected in the book, and the compatibility of these prescriptions is relatively refined and the indications are clear. Such as Mahuang Decoction, Guizhi Decoction, Chaihu Decoction, Baihu Decoction, Qinglong Decoction and Maxing Shigan Decoction. After thousands of years of clinical practice, these famous prescriptions have been proved to have high curative effect and provided the basis for the development of TCM prescription science. Later, many prescriptions developed from it. Hua Tuo, a famous doctor, read this book and said with admiration, "This is a real living book.". Yu Jiayan highly praised Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Febrile Diseases, saying, "It is the ancestor of many parties.". "Like the brilliance of the sun and the moon, once it reaches Fudan, it will last forever" (China Medical Records Examination). There are many works on annotation and explanation of this book in past dynasties. In particular, there are as many as 3 or 4 works that annotate and expound Treatise on Febrile Diseases. Its influence goes far beyond national boundaries and has a great influence on Asian countries, such as Japan, North Korea, Vietnam and Mongolia. In Japan, in particular, there used to be an ancient school specializing in Zhang Zhongjing in history. Until today, Japanese traditional Chinese medicine circles still like to use Zhang Zhongjing's prescription. Among the Chinese patent medicines (leaching agents) produced by some famous Japanese pharmaceutical factories, such as Kotaro, Uchida and Shengjitang, typhoid prescriptions generally account for more than 6% (some of them are obviously the evolution of typhoid prescriptions). It can be seen that Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseases has a far-reaching influence in the field of Japanese traditional Chinese medicine and in the whole world.