Most of the walled villages in Hong Kong are located in the New Territories. Most people living in the village are family. During the Ming Dynasty, coastal bandits were frequent. In order to protect themselves, residents built low stone walls around their houses to resist theft. At that time, Lao Wei in Longyuetou, Fanling was the earliest walled village in Hong Kong. In the early years of the Qing Dynasty, Zheng Chenggong, who fought against the Qing Dynasty in Taiwan Province, strictly enforced the "order to move the sea". The coastal areas are empty and become bandits' caves. After eight years of Kangxi (1669), residents were allowed to move back to their old places. When rebuilding their homes, they built high walls around them and even dug rivers and installed iron gates to protect themselves. These villages surrounded by high walls were built for today's Hong Kong.
During the reign of Qianlong Jiaqing, more and more Hakkas moved to the New Territories, and most of them settled in new villages adjacent to the indigenous residents. Because of different languages and customs, they conflict with each other and distribute their land interests. Some of them were invaded by aborigines, so they built "closed houses" to protect themselves.
Mingmixu village
Most of the walled villages in Hong Kong are located in the New Territories, and most of them are concentrated in Yuen Long (including Ping Shan, Ha Tsuen, Pat Heung and San Tin), Kam Tin (including Kam Tin and Pat Heung), Fanling Sheung Shui (including Tai Po, Fanling, Sheung Shui, Sha Tau Kok and Ta Kwu Ling) and coastal valleys (including Sha Tin, Tsuen Wan and Tuen Mun). They used to be the "five major ethnic groups in the New Territories"-the Tang family. At present, only Yaqianwei Village in Wong Tai Sin is well preserved.
According to the survey report of villages around Hong Kong (Xiao, Shen Si, Ye) in May, 1995, among the 13 1 villages surveyed in the New Territories of Hong Kong, there are ***7 1 villages with "purse seines", and it can be found that 84 villages have purse seines.
Ji qingwei
Jiqingwei is a famous Hakka walled village in Hong Kong, which is located next to Jintian Highway in Jintian, Yuen Long. Together with Yonglongwei, Taikangwei, Nanwei, Beiwei and Xinwei, it is called "Jintian Liuwei".
Qing Ji paddock is rectangular, covering an area of 45 mu (about 100 m long and 90 m wide). It is a typical enclosed building with neat and symmetrical design. Deng, the distant ancestor of the Deng family, came to live here as early as the Northern Song Dynasty. Later, during the Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty (1465 to 1487), Deng Bojing, a member of his clan, and two others lived in the village around the building, which has been more than 500 years. There are more than 400 descendants of the Deng family living here.
At the beginning of this village, there was no fence. Until the early years of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, Deng and Zhijian Deng built a 6-meter-high blue brick fence to prevent bandits and thieves. The foundation of the wall is made of stone and there is a muzzle on the wall. Watchtowers are built at the four corners of the fence, and iron gates are added. The original 10-meter-long protection river around the paddock was added between 1662 and17,21year, and was later filled in. At present, only a part of it has been preserved, with a river surface several meters wide. There is only one entrance to Jiqingwei, and there is a bronze medal recording the history of Deng family outside the entrance. Wei Chun has a small temple dedicated to 15 God.
Jiqingwei was once an anti-British stronghold for Jintian residents. Today, Jiqingwei is still surrounded by a wall as thick as 18 feet, but it has been greatly eclipsed with the development of the city. Most of the old houses in the wall have been transformed into Spanish villas, such as empty shells.
Zengdawu
Zeng Dawu, also known as "Zeng Mansion" and formerly known as "Shanxiawei" or "Shanxiawei", is located next to Bokang Village in Sha Tin and adjacent to Lion Rock Tunnel. This is one of the best-preserved walled villages in this area and the largest Hakka mansion in existence.
Zeng Dawu is the residence of the Zeng family, which was built by Zeng Guanwan at 1848. There are two sources for the Zeng family to build a house: first, the Zeng family opened a quarry in Xiwanhe and a Li Sanshi factory in Shau Kei Wan. Later, when he became rich, he built a walled village in Sha Tin for his people to live in. Second, Zeng Guanwan is a five-product official. According to legend, a group of pirates gave him custody of the caught fish. He found many silver coins under the catch, and the pirates never came back, so they used them to build houses.
Zeng Mansion is rectangular with a total area of more than 6,000 square meters. It adopts the architectural style of Wuhua, Zeng's hometown in Northeast China-fortress pattern. The walls are made of granite, blue bricks and selected wood, and the four corners are built with three layers of bell-shaped ears. There are gun holes and watchtowers in the castle. There are two wells in the yard. The architecture of Zeng Dawu is full of official style, which combines the factors of defense and resistance to the enemy, which is very different from other walled villages in the New Territories.
This walled village was used to accommodate refugees during World War II, so it was honored as "Zengda House".
Shangshuiwei
Sheung Shui Wai, located in Sheung Shui Water Town, was built at 1646. The walled village is one of the few settlements in rural areas because of its rigorous structure and original river protection. Shangshuiwei is the core of Liao's family, and its distant ancestors moved south from Fujian in the Yuan Dynasty (127 1 to 1368) and settled here.
Liaoshiwan Hall in this township, built in 175 1, is one of the most intact and largest Hakka ancestral halls in Hong Kong. It is beautifully built and displays a large number of precious cultural relics. It is listed as a legal monument in 1985. The Taiping Festival is celebrated in Sheung Shui Wai only once every 60 years, and the last time was in 2006.
Fanlingwei
Fanlingwei, located in Fanling, was built by Peng Jia and has a history of more than 700 years. Fanlingwei is famous for its unique pond and special layout, and its guns, towers and feng shui fish ponds are also unique. This is one of the few walled villages in Hong Kong that can preserve its antiques. At the end of the Song Dynasty (1 120 to 1280), Peng's family moved to Hong Kong from Jieyang County, Chaozhou [1] and settled here. Weichun, Fengshui Fish Pond and Ancient Cannon were all built during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty.
Fanling Wai is also adjacent to the side library and Peng's Ancestral Hall. The building is simple, after repair, it still retains the architectural style of the Qing Dynasty, and the preserved cultural relics are very rich.
Yaqianxu village
Yaqianwei Village is located in Dongguang Road, San Po Kong, Kowloon, next to Dongtou Village. It is one of the ancient villages in Kowloon and the only walled village with the same style in the urban area. Village houses, ancestral halls and Tianhou Temple are still intact.
Yaqianwei Village was built at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty (1352), more than 620 years ago. It is the place where Wu, Chen and Li came from the south of the Central Plains to settle down. Weichun is expected to have a building, a river protection and a suspension bridge. Hu He was filled during the Japanese occupation, and the suspension bridge no longer exists. Two cannons were installed in the village to defend the people, and were later buried near the entrance to the village.
The historical sites in Yaqianwei Village mainly include Tianhou Temple and Wuzong Temple. The village fasted every year and often celebrated for several days at 10. The Taiping Qing dynasty in this village began at 1726, and the last time was 1996.
At present, the developer Changjiang Industry owns 80% of the ownership of Yaqianwei Village. Cheung Kong started the acquisition of Wei Chun as early as 1982. 1993 land development company (predecessor of urban renewal bureau) announced that the village would be included in the renovation project. In June 2006, it reached an agreement with villagers to protect historical sites.
Other walled villages in Hong Kong include:
Chi Wai: commonly known as "Tai Wai Village", located in Tai Wai, Sha Tin.
Tian Xin Wai: Located in Tai Wai, Sha Tin.
Sandong House: Located at Xiloujiao Road, Tsuen Wan, beside Lvyang New Village, it was originally a Hakka village, and 1987 was converted into a museum.
Shangzhangwei: Located in Pingshan, Yuen Long, together with the Tang Ancestral Hall (the largest ancestral temple in Hong Kong), Cuixing Building (the only ancient tower in Hong Kong), the Forbidden City, Hongsheng Palace, Yanghou Ancient Temple and many other traditional buildings, it forms Pingshan Heritage Trail.
Lung yeuk tau Wuwei: Located in lung yeuk tau, Fanling, it includes Lao Wei, Ma Wat Wai, Yongning Wai, Dongge Wai (also known as "Lingjiao Wai") and Xinwei (also known as "Jinlong Wai"). Together with six nearby villages, they are called Wuwei Liucun, which is one of the five major ethnic groups in the New Territories and the main part of lung yeuk tau heritage trail.