1, the surrounding environment of ancient buildings, ancient sites and historical sites refers to the surrounding environment that is close to and extends with ancient buildings, ancient sites and historical sites, affects their importance and uniqueness or is a part of their importance and uniqueness.
In addition to physical and visual significance, the surrounding environment also includes the relationship with the natural environment; All past and present human social and spiritual practices, customs, traditional cognition or activities, other forms of intangible cultural heritage that create and form the surrounding environment, and the current active cultural, social and economic atmosphere.
2. The importance and uniqueness of ancient buildings, ancient sites and historical areas of different scales (including urban, land and marine natural landscapes, heritage routes and archaeological sites) lies in their value in social, spiritual, historical, artistic, aesthetic, natural, scientific and other cultural levels, as well as their important connection with the background environment in material, visual and spiritual cultural levels.
This connection can be the result of a conscious and planned creative behavior, spiritual belief, historical events and the use of ancient sites, or an organic change formed with the influence of time and tradition and the passage of time.
3. Understanding, recording and displaying the surrounding environment is very important for defining and identifying ancient buildings, ancient sites and historical areas.
To define the surrounding environment, we need to understand the history, evolution and characteristics of the surrounding environment of heritage resources. Delineating the surrounding environment is a process that needs to consider various factors, including site experience and the characteristics of heritage resources themselves.
A comprehensive understanding of the surrounding environment requires the knowledge of various disciplines and the use of various information resources.
These information resources include official records and archives, artistic and scientific descriptions, oral history and traditional knowledge, views of local or relevant communities and analysis of recent scenes and prospects. At the same time, cultural traditions, religious ceremonies, spiritual practices and ideas, such as geomantic omen, history, topography, natural environment values and other factors, * * * together form the material and intangible values and connotations in the surrounding environment. The definition of surrounding environment should clearly reflect the characteristics and value of surrounding environment and its relationship with heritage resources.
5. The sustainable management of the surrounding environment requires the consistent use of effective legal and planning means, policies, strategies and practices, and these methods and means also need to adapt to the local cultural environment.
The means to manage the background environment include specific legislative measures, professional training, making a comprehensive protection and management plan and adopting an appropriate heritage impact assessment system.
6. Laws, regulations and principles concerning environmental protection around ancient buildings, ancient sites and historical sites should stipulate the establishment of protected areas or buffer zones around them to reflect and protect the importance and uniqueness of the surrounding environment.
7. Planning means should include relevant provisions to effectively control the impact of sharp or cumulative changes on the surrounding environment.
Whether the important skyline and landscape sight are protected, and whether there is enough distance between newly-built public or private buildings and ancient buildings, ancient sites and historical sites are important factors to evaluate whether the surrounding environment is violated visually and spatially, and whether the surrounding land is misused.
8. Any new building should assess its heritage impact and its impact on ancient buildings, ancient sites, historical areas and their surrounding environment. The construction of the surrounding environment of ancient buildings, ancient sites and historical sites should help to reflect and enhance their importance and uniqueness.
9. The individual and cumulative effects of environmental changes around ancient buildings, ancient sites and historical areas, as well as the speed of such changes, are a gradual process and must be monitored and managed.
The accumulation or drastic changes of urban and rural landscape, lifestyle, economy and natural environment can significantly and irreversibly affect the real contribution of the surrounding environment to the importance of ancient buildings, ancient sites and historical regions.
10. Changes in the surrounding environment of ancient buildings, sites and historical areas should be managed to protect their cultural importance and uniqueness.
Managing the changes in the surrounding environment of ancient buildings, ancient sites and historical areas does not necessarily need to prevent or hinder their changes.
1 1. In the monitoring, we should make clear the ways and actions of identifying, measuring, organizing and remedying the corrosion, disappearance of importance or mediocrity of historical sites, and put forward improvement measures for the protection, management and exhibition activities of historical sites.
Monitoring index
Quantitative and qualitative indicators should be formulated to evaluate the contribution of the surrounding environment to the importance of ancient buildings, ancient sites and historical sites.
Monitoring indicators should include hard indicators, such as visual invasion, contour lines and public spaces, air pollution, noise, etc. And economic, social and cultural indicators.
Cooperate with local, interdisciplinary fields and the international community to enhance the awareness of protecting and managing the surrounding environment
12. Cooperation and communication with local and related communities is an important part of the sustainable development strategy of surrounding environmental protection and management.
When protecting and managing the surrounding environment, it should be an accepted practice to encourage exchanges between different disciplines. Related fields include architecture, urban and regional planning, landscape planning, anthropology, archaeology, history, anthropology, museum science, archival science and so on.
Cooperation with institutions and experts in the field of natural heritage should be encouraged, which should be an integral part of the identification, protection and display of ancient buildings, ancient sites and historical areas and their surrounding environment.
13. Professional training, exhibitions, community education and public awareness should be encouraged to support all kinds of cooperation and knowledge sharing, promote the realization of protection objectives, and improve the efficiency of protection means, management plans and other related means.
We should learn the experience, knowledge and means gained from protecting individual ancient buildings, ancient sites and historical areas in order to improve the protection of the surrounding environment.
Experts, institutions, local and relevant community personnel should share the responsibility and fully understand the importance of the surrounding environment in all aspects; When making decisions, we should fully consider the tangible and intangible aspects of the surrounding environment.