There is an idiom about the bright moon. The moonlight is bright and the breeze is Xu Lai. Describe a beautiful and quiet night. From the biography of Luo Shen in the Tang Dynasty: "When the moon is bright and the wind is clear, I am good at playing the piano, so I take it and play it." The absence of flowers on the moon is a metaphor for the destruction and destruction of beautiful things. Jin Quan Ji from the Tang Dynasty? Wang Xiucai criticized the singer: "The moon is short of flowers, and the flowers must be round at the end of the month." Scenery of the four seasons is often used as a description object in the original works of classical literature. Now it refers to poetry and songs, and the content is limited to writing scenery and romance. It is a metaphor for the love or bohemian life of men and women in the wind field. From Shao Yong in the Song Dynasty, Yichuan Crushing Collection? Foreword: "What's the difference?" Catch the Moon in Water (Catch the Moon in Water): Catch the Moon in Water. Metaphor is futile, things can't be done at all. From Tang Xianzu's Peony Pavilion Oath in the Ming Dynasty: "Although it is like a flower in the air, it is not fishing for the moon in the water." Light wind: refers to the wind in Chu Qing after the rain; Ji Yue: The bright moon after the rain and snow stopped. It refers to a sunny scene after rain or snow. Metaphor is cheerful, open-minded and noble. It also refers to a peaceful and peaceful social atmosphere. From "Partridge Sky" by Qiu Zong in Song Dynasty: "There are mountains on land and sea, and the light and wind do not correspond to the moon." The stars hold the moon, and many stars in the sky set it off. For example, many things revolve around a center, and perhaps many people gather around a person they admire. From The Analects of Confucius? Politics: "If Beichen lives in his place, the stars will hold the moon." Also called "covering the moon", it hides the moon and makes the flowers feel ashamed. Describe a woman's beautiful appearance. From the fourth fold of the first volume of Wang Shifu's "The West Chamber" in the Yuan Dynasty: "The moon is closed and the flowers are beautiful, so you must mow the grass and remove the roots." When the flowers bloom and fall and the moon is full. Metaphor is happy, congratulations. From the first fold of Junbao Shi's Qujiang Pool in the Yuan Dynasty: "Then there are good flowers, and the moon is always round." A face like a flower, a face like a moon. Describe a woman's beautiful appearance. From "Ming Shi Feng Menglong" Volume 25: "Miss Juanjuan, her face is beautiful, so I don't need to say anything." Hymn on the moon: hymn. Refers to the writing of poems about objects with romance as the theme. Refers to some empty and boring works that are divorced from reality. From "Pu Tianle" by Zhang in Yuan Dynasty: "It's fun to travel around the mountains and play with water and sing the wind and play with the moon." The balcony near the water gets the moon first. The balcony near the water can see the moonlight first. Describe that you can get superior opportunities and benefits if you are nearby. From the Song Dynasty Chen Yi's "Temple Residence": "The balcony is close to the water culvert, and the vegetation is even empty." Dai Yue is the star of Dai Yue. Describe going out early and returning late, extremely hard and busy. From the Yuan Dynasty's anonymous "Enemy Creditors": "Wear a star in Dai Yue, get up early and go to bed late." Autumn moon, cold river, bright moon in autumn night, Qingjiang River in winter. Metaphor is the purity and purity of a noble person's heart. From Song Dynasty Huang Tingjian's Farewell to Li Ciong: "Virtue is in the sky, and the autumn moon is cold." Hongyun holds the moon for baking: rendering; T: let's go. When painting, clouds set off the moon. Metaphor sets off the subject or theme from the side. From Jin Shengtan's Comment on the West Chamber in Qing Dynasty: "Write a picture first, the so-called secret method of the painter baking clouds and holding the moon." Cool breeze and bright moon, cool breeze and bright moon. Describe the beauty of natural scenery. It is also a metaphor for elegant people. From Ouyang Xiu's "Hui Gao Tang Yan" in the Song Dynasty: "There are three bachelors in Jinma Yutang, and two in Qingfeng Mingyue." Flowers in the mirror, flowers in the mirror, the moon in the water. Metaphor can't reach the illusory scene. From Huang Tingjian's "Qinyuanchun" in the Song Dynasty: "Flowers in the mirror, the moon in the water, I have no chance to get close to Iraq." The sun and the moon are like shuttles: tools for weaving weft and warp. The sun and the moon come and go like a shuttle. Describe how time flies. From Song Gordon's East-West Collection? Huang Shu said: "The sun and the moon are like a shuttle, and the text is like the sea. If you can't discuss them, Huang Zhu dares to be lazy. " Sun, Moon, River and Land: Later; Good: flow through it. Just as the sun and the moon cross the sky every day, rivers flow through the earth. Metaphor aboveboard, eternal, enduring. From the later Han Dynasty? Feng Yanchuan: "It is clear that the sun and the moon have passed, and the Haihe River has taken land, so there is no comparability." Time wasted: wasting time. Idle away time, let time be wasted. From the fourth volume of Ruan Ji's "Yong Huai" in Jin Dynasty: "The entertainment is endless, and the day is wasted." Accumulate over time. Describe long-term accumulation. Song Shi? "Qiao Xing Biography" "Accumulated over time, from: the momentum is good." Change with each passing day: update; Different: different. It is updated every day, and every month is different. Describe the rapid progress. —— Excerpted from Wu's History of Pain in Qing Dynasty? The original narrative: "The art of teaching is also adopted by the French powers, and the book of education is changing with each passing day. "Poor year after year (year after year) poor: exhausted, finished; Tired: accumulation; Poor year: from the beginning of the year to the end of the year, the whole year lasts for several months. Year after year, month after month. Described it for a long time. From Xunzi? Honor and disgrace: "However, it is human nature to be poor every year." An eventful year and an eventful autumn: the mountains are high and strange, which means extraordinary. Refers to an unusual year. From the Song Dynasty Liao Xingzhi's "Qinyuanchun?" And teach rhyme: "it's a pity that it's been a long time now, but it's a pity to divide the yin, in one day." "The Year of the Monkey refers to the hopeless future years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The origin of the Mid-Autumn festival
The 15th day of the eighth lunar month is the traditional Mid-Autumn Festival in China and the second largest traditional festival in China after the Spring Festival. August 15th is in the middle of autumn, so it is called Mid-Autumn Festival. The ancient calendar in China called August in the middle of autumn "Mid-Autumn Festival", so the Mid-Autumn Festival is also called "Mid-Autumn Festival".
On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, the moonlight is bright. The ancients regarded the full moon as a symbol of reunion, so August 15 was also called "Reunion Festival". Throughout the ages, people often use "full moon" and "lack of moon" to describe "joys and sorrows", and vagrants living in other places also rely on the moon to express their affection. Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote poems such as "Looking up, it's moonlight, then leaning back, suddenly thinking about hometown", "Knowing that the dew is frost tonight, the moonlight at home is bright!" Du Fu's "Spring Breeze is Green in Jiang Nanan" and Wang Anshi's "When Will the Moon Shine on Me" in the Song Dynasty are all timeless masterpieces.
Mid-Autumn Festival is an ancient festival, and it is an important custom to offer sacrifices and enjoy the moon. Ancient emperors had a social system of offering sacrifices to the moon in spring, and folks also had the custom of offering sacrifices to the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival. Later, it was more important to enjoy the moon than to sacrifice it, and serious sacrifice turned into light entertainment. The custom of enjoying the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival prevailed in the Tang Dynasty. Many poets wrote poems about the moon in their masterpieces. In Yue Bai, the activities of enjoying the moon in the court and among the people were more extensive in the Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties. So far, there are many historical sites in China, such as Yue Bai Altar, Moon Pavilion and Moon Tower. The "Moon Altar" in Beijing was built during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, and was used for royal sacrifice to the moon. Whenever the moon rises in the Mid-Autumn Festival, a box is set up in the open air, with moon cakes, pomegranates, dates and other fruits on the console table. After Yue Bai, the family sat around the dining table, chatting while eating and enjoying the bright moon. Now, the activities of offering sacrifices to the moon in Yue Bai have been replaced by large-scale and colorful activities of enjoying the moon by the masses.
Eating moon cakes is another custom of festivals, symbolizing reunion. Since the Tang Dynasty, there have been more and more researches on making moon cakes. Su Dongpo wrote in a poem: "Small cakes are like chewing the moon, and there is pulp in the cake", and Yang Guang copied in Qing Dynasty: "Moon cakes are filled with peach meat and ice cream is sugar paste". It seems that the moon cakes at that time were quite similar to those now.
According to historical records, the word "Mid-Autumn Festival" first appeared in the book Zhou Li. In the Wei and Jin dynasties, there was a record of "telling Shangshu Town about cattle confusion, crossing the river in mid-autumn and evening". It was not until the early years of the Tang Dynasty that the Mid-Autumn Festival became a fixed festival. The Book of Emperor Taizong recorded the Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15. The prevalence of Mid-Autumn Festival began in the Song Dynasty, and it became one of the major festivals in China in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. This is also the second largest traditional festival in China after the Spring Festival.
August 15 is the Mid-Autumn Festival, and people send moon cakes to each other to show their reunion. "A Brief Introduction to the Scenery of the Imperial Capital" also said: "On August 15th, the moon was sacrificed, the cakes were round, the melons were wrongly divided, and the petals were carved with lotus flowers. ..... Those who get married and stay at home will return to their in-laws in the future. This is the so-called reunion festival. On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, there is a custom of "reunion" in most parts of our country, that is, flipping a small cake symbolizing reunion, which is similar to a moon cake. The cake contains sugar, sesame, sweet-scented osmanthus and vegetables, and the moon, sweet-scented osmanthus tree and rabbit are pressed outside. After the Mid-Autumn Festival, the elders at home will divide the cake into pieces according to the number of people, and each person will have one. If someone is not at home, leave one for them to show family reunion.
During the Mid-Autumn Festival, there are fewer clouds and more fog, and the moonlight is bright and bright. In addition to a series of activities such as enjoying the moon, offering sacrifices to the moon, eating moon cakes and wishing for reunion, there are activities such as dancing grass dragons and building stupas in some places. In addition to moon cakes, all kinds of seasonal fresh fruits and dried fruits are also delicious in the Mid-Autumn Festival.
Another explanation for the origin of Mid-Autumn Festival is that the 15th day of the eighth lunar month happens to be the time when rice is ripe, and all families worship the land god. Mid-Autumn Festival may be the legacy of Qiubao.