1 Location determination of residential buildings in the spatial environment, that is, location selection of residential buildings;
2. Determine the direction of residence;
3. Determine the form and composition of folk houses;
4. Determination of plane and height dimensions of residential buildings; Patriarchal hierarchy has lasted for thousands of years in China feudal society. It has been continuously strengthened and consolidated, which is closely related to the isomorphism between the state structure and the family structure in China feudal society. This isomorphism is highlighted in that it has a unified constitutional principle-there is a patriarchal hierarchy of "home" and "country".
Chaoshan folk houses as materialized carriers of clans and consanguineous families. Its composition is deeply restricted by the concept of patriarchal hierarchy, and the overall form, composition level and internal housing arrangement of the house are orderly and distinct. The attribute of spatial form is yang, and its characteristics are dew, light, openness and openness. It can resist the invasion of cold and dampness pathogens to a certain extent. It is an active element of residential space, which has many functions, such as absorbing sunlight, drawing wind, draining water, providing outdoor activities for people and decorating the interior space of residential buildings.
Patio and courtyard are indispensable elements of Chaoshan folk houses. It can be said that every household should have a patio and courtyard, which are mostly located behind the lobby of the hall and are the main channels for residential buildings to communicate with the outside world. When the land permits, its setting is strict, that is, there are two kinds of outer Ming hall (locally called Yangcheng) and inner patio. For example, in front of the main hall of the Three Great Statues of Chaoshan and Xufuma Mansion, there is a spacious courtyard in front of the hall, which is open and wide, and foreign air can enter and retreat. The inner patio between the hall and the hall is square and compact in structure, and its width is only slightly higher than that of the hall, and it rarely crosses the bedroom, because it is moderate in length from the perspective of geomantic omen. It has dual attributes, as far as courtyards and patios are concerned, it belongs to yin; As far as the room is concerned, it belongs to Yang, so it is characterized by smoothness and enclosure. It can effectively defend against the harassment of wind and evil, and is the hub of yin and yang reconciliation. The spatial definition of Chaoshan folk house guild hall is the combination of reality and fiction. The walls, floors and roofs on both sides are the three-dimensional interfaces of the hall space, while the front and rear grid doors and screen doors are the changeable interfaces.
The position and orientation of Chaoshan folk houses are determined by the so-called three-dimensional divination or specific environmental conditions, and often present a multi-directional form. In addition, the Chaoshan summer is long and humid, so the residence should not only prevent the cold wind from directly driving the patio and courtyard in winter, but also absorb air from the wind in summer to get rid of the heat and humidity. This requires that the residence should have a flexible adjustment mechanism when the external wind changes abnormally, and can control the air flow inside the residence according to different external conditions.