Tong Jiashi is the biggest surname of Manchu.
Tong Jiashi is a surname of Manchuria. Tong Jiashi recorded in the Manchu genealogy of the Eight Banners as follows:
"Tong Jia, this place name, because of the surname. Its ethnic groups are very numerous and scattered in Machaya Lake, Gaha, Tong Jia and other places. "
Tong Jiashi lives in Tongjiajiang. Tongjiajiang is in today's Tonghua County, Jilin Province, where the mountains are high and the water is urgent. In the west, there is the Longgang Mountain System of Changbai Mountain Range, and in the east, there is the Laoling Mountain System, which extends to Zhoushan Islands and the Sea of Japan respectively. Tongjiajiang River, Fuer River, Rajado Buku River (Lamu River), Ermin River (Mir River), Hamin River (Hani River), Great luoquan River and other two rivers and eight rivers, 626 ditches formed a complete water system, and finally merged into Yalu River.
Manchu children's surnames originated from the "Tong" surnames in Yuan Dynasty (or write "Tong" and "Tong"). After five years of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, nine years of Yongle, twenty-two years of Yongle and three years and five years of orthodoxy, it moved from Yilan to the south of Tumen River, then to Zhoufang (or Fengzhou and Zhoufang), and finally to Xinbin and Huanren.
In the Yuan Dynasty, Tong mainly lived in the lower reaches of Songhua River, and the lake in Yilan was changed to Wan Hu House and Wodori Wan Hu House. At that time, Wuyinhui and Woduoli tribes mainly lived in Nuzhen, whose surname was Tong. According to textual research, the Oracle bones in Liao Dynasty were still those in Jin Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty, but they were homophonic in Wen Jia in Ming Dynasty and became Jueluoshi in Qing Dynasty. The Book of Jin Shangshu says "there is a saying of vulgarity", which is the same as children's voice. In other words, Jia Gu's surname is Tong, and Jia Gu in Jin Dynasty was also called Tong. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, the Ming court carried out the policy of suing Jurchen. During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, the ancestors of the Tong family who lived in the lake changed to the government moved to Fengzhou (the upper reaches of Huifa River) with the Nuzhen chief Aha, and moved to Pozhu River (now Huanren Hunjiang River) with the capital of Yongle in the 21st year, and moved to Xinbin in in the third year. Yu Hongwu, an ancestor, lived in Li Wanfu, Woduo. He left Yilan with Mongolian Timur in five years and moved to Qingyuan area south of Tumen River on the Korean Peninsula, and soon moved to Worm. Mungo Timur was promoted to be the governor of Jianzhou Zuo Wei, so he moved to Jianzhou Di Wei in the eighth year of Yongle. However, due to the invasion of Mongolia and others, he had to move back to the Worm River. Later, after Timur's death, his brothers Fan Cha and Zi Dongshan led the left-back family of Jianzhou to Xinbin, and the Tong family also moved to Xinbin. The reform department in Huli is to build a state and move new customers. At this point, all the Jurchen people in Jianzhou moved to Xinbin. Therefore, the Tong clan still takes Xinbin and Huanren as their ancestral homes. Today, the genealogy and ancestral couplets enshrined by children's descendants in Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other places still say "Huaibei (or my hometown) is far away, Liaodong is home" and "homesickness is far north, and Huanren in Liaodong is home". Both Tong's Genealogy and Tong's Genealogy in Xinbin Manchu Autonomous County of Liaoning Province recorded that their ancestors were special gods. Hu Ba Tekeshen was a man in the early Ming Dynasty. He has seven sons:
The eldest son tried to find a plan for Tun (Swallow). Originally, he lived with his father in Omomou Hosori, "later moved to a place with incomplete geomantic omen in Buhatu" and then moved to the place of Furong Wuhua Kusaleza ",but due to the narrow terrain, he moved to the place of Aifuliang in Hanoi.
The second son Tan (also wrote about greed, etc. ), trying to move from Hubei to today's Xinbin Jiahe.
The third son and the ritual meter moved from Omohosori to Tongya, which is now Hunjiang in Huanren County.
The fourth son, Gail Wo (also written as Keraha and Hal), tried to make a plan and went through hardships in the process of moving to Omihun (that is, Omuhu, A Mu and Mumuhe) ... That is to say, he whistled to tell the public to hide in the forest, beat him to death and eat him. So the mountains are dense with water and fish, so he settled here. When his son, Dahl Huan Mo Ergen, grew up, he "let it pull the bow and string on the wheel" and "the arrow is as big as a rabbit's head", becoming a brave and skillful hero without an imaginary arrow.
The fifth son, Tarkhan (Dahan), tried to "join the people" with his sixth brother. Dahan moved from Kaiyuan to Fushun to do business, and later became the richest man in Fushun, Wang Zu, Liaodong. After the Qing Dynasty Taizu launched the war, the Tong family voted for Nurhachi, and the Xiao family is the offspring.
Liu Ziyan (also known as Yan, Yang and Yang) and his fifth brother conspired to enter Kaiyuan from Shenyang.
Seven sons Yang Jia (also named Yang Jian and Yang Jia) plotted a plan, but because of their only heir, they didn't remember it.
It can be seen that the Manchu children's family is an authentic jurchen, and it is the later Manchu.
Han army, Manchu ujen chooha, pronounced "Uzhen Chaoha". It means "heavy troops" and is an army equipped with heavy weapons. The Eight Banners in the Taizu period was an army dominated by cavalry and supplemented by infantry. They are good at the wide and deep circuitous siege warfare in the wilderness, but they are not good at urban warfare and tough battles. The weapons they are equipped with are mainly cold weapons such as crossbows, sabres, pike and rattan cards.
At the same time, in the late Ming dynasty, in order to cope with the country's internal and external troubles, it spent huge sums of money to import advanced cannons from Portugal. Because Portuguese hair is mostly red, it is called "red cannon". Taizu Nurhachi was injured by this kind of "red cannon" at the gate of Ningyuan. After Emperor Taizong ascended the throne, he saw the importance of heavy weapons, especially artillery, so he chose people who were good at using guns from the surrendered Han soldiers to form "Wuzhen Chaoha" and used the captured Ming artillery. Because "Hongyi Cannon" has the meaning of slandering ethnic minorities, it was renamed as "Red Cannon". The Eight Banners of the Han Army mainly used guns, rifles, shotguns and other firearms. And he is good at siege and water attack, which just complements the Eight Banners of Manchu and Mongolian who are good at cavalry fighting.
And an army is dominated by Han people, and the commander must be Manchu. This is a matter of common sense, so it must be the Han people who belong to the Han army.
The Tong family of Manchu is the most popular Manchu family with a prosperous population and abundant talents. Tong Jiashi's ancestors originally belonged to the Nuzhen nationality, the predecessor of Manchu, and lived in Tongjiajiang, Liaodong. Tong's ancestor lived in Kaiyuan since he was doing business, and then moved to Fushun Pass in the Ming Dynasty. Tong Tulai 13 years old. That is, in March (16 18), Taizu Nurhachi was in Fushun, and Toutulai's father, Zheng Yang, led the whole family to join voluntarily. In the Tong family, Tong Tulai's uncle was a famous figure in the history of the late Jin Dynasty. He is rich and has learned a lot. After submitting to the Jin Dynasty, he was treated with great courtesy by Nurhachi. Not only entrusted with an important task, but also married the daughter of the late Jin Aisingiorro family. In the late Jin Dynasty, he was honored as "Shi Wuli".