Compared with previous dynasties, the artistic style of Ming Dynasty cemetery buildings has made a great breakthrough, forming a relatively concentrated and orderly arrangement of wooden structure buildings from south to north. This is a remarkable feature of the Ming and Qing tombs system. After Chengzu moved to Beijing, most of the Ming emperors' tombs were concentrated in Tianshou Mountain in Beijing, collectively known as the Ming Tombs.
In the early Ming Dynasty, due to the autocratic imperial power, concubines were forbidden to participate in politics from Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and this political feature was also reflected in the burial system. Before Ming Yingzong, except for the queen who was buried in the mausoleum, most other ladies-in-waiting died of martyrdom. According to historical records, among the concubines of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, there was a maid-in-waiting named Ai Guo who was good at poetry. She was forced to die after only 20 days in the palace.
According to Records of the Li Dynasty, on the day of martyrdom, the martyr had to go to a banquet first and arrange a banquet in the palace. At this moment, they cried loudly. They were forced to stand on Xiao Mu's bed and put a rope around their necks. It was terrible. This cruel human sacrifice system in Ming Dynasty was not abolished until after Ming Yingzong.
The protection of tombs in Ming Dynasty was stricter and more institutionalized than before. For example, those who attempt to destroy mountains and hills will be put to death in the middle of the year, regardless of the mastermind's plot. Stealing sacrificial vessels, curtains and other things used by emperor gods will be beheaded; Shanling stole a tree and beheaded it, and was sent to the border guards by his family. In addition, in the Ming Dynasty, there was a special shrine, Lin Jun, who was responsible for guarding the mausoleum. There is also a garrison to defend the exterior of the mausoleum. It can be said that the barriers are strict.
Extended data:
The representative of Ming Mausoleum-the characteristics of Zhongdu Mausoleum;
Zhongdu Mausoleum is the tomb of Zhu Yuanzhang's parents, located in the southwest of Fengyang County, Anhui Province, the capital of Zhongming. The mausoleum is tall and majestic. It climbed to the top of the tomb and looked around. There are hills stretching for hundreds of miles in the south, and the Huaihe River flows eastward in the north, and the terrain at the east and west corners gradually becomes the insole. The imperial tomb leans on the mountain peak and climbs the Huaihe River, just like lying on a huge recliner.
The Shinto stone statues in front of the tomb cemetery are tall and beautifully carved, all of which are carefully carved with huge bluestones. Among them, the stone horse is a masterpiece among the group sculptures. The stone horse carries a brocade saddle, screams with its head held high, and its mane is swaying, making it lifelike. It is said that from a distance, horses traveling from south to north always break away from the reins and run to the stone horse to jump happily. This is really false! It can be seen that the carving skills are superb.
There are only two stone tablets left in the cemetery, namely "the imperial tomb tablet" and "the tablet without words", both of which are spectacular. The inscription on the tomb tablet was written by Zhu Yuanzhang himself, describing his family background, personal experience and the eventful autumn when he joined the rebel army, crossed the river eastward and established the Ming Dynasty. The writing is easy to understand, sincere and powerful. There is no word tablet, which shows that Zhu Yuanzhang's ancestors have boundless merits and it is difficult to express them in words. This monument is divided into three parts.
Zhongdu Mausoleum was the first mausoleum in Ming Dynasty. Its luxury regulations continued the tradition of Han, Tang and Song Dynasties, created the style of Ming and Qing Dynasties, and occupied an important position in the history of China ancient mausoleum system.
Baidu encyclopedia-Zhongdu mausoleum
Baidu encyclopedia-mausoleum