Song Shenzong JaeHee Ning years (1068- 1077) reused Wang Anshi's political reform. After the failure of the political reform, he was engaged in restructuring in Yuanfeng years (1078- 1085). At the turning point from political reform to structural adjustment, it happened.
Reported Su Shi's Wutai poetry case. The case was first reported by Li Ding, the censor, and then tried in Yushitai prison. There has been a "Wutai" posthumous title in Yushitai since the Han Dynasty, so this case is called "Wutai Poetry Case".
During the period of Northern Song Shenzong, Su Shi expressed his dissatisfaction with the New Deal because he opposed the new law. Because he was the leader of the literary world at that time, allowing Su Shi's poems to spread in the society was very unfavorable to the implementation of the New Deal. So, with Zongshen's acquiescence, Su Shi was arrested in Wutai for four months, and he was forced to explain the source of his poems and the allusions in his words every day.
Due to the practice of not killing scholar-officials in Song Dynasty, Su Shi survived his death, but was demoted to be the deputy envoy of Huangzhou Yingyong.
In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Su Shi moved to Huzhou (Xing Wu County, Zhejiang Province). In July, Huangfu Zun and others sent by Yushitai were arrested and imprisoned. They accused Su Shi of distorting the facts and slandering the imperial court in his poems.
, He, Shu Qi and others quoted Su Shi's poem "Hangzhou Chronicle" as evidence, saying that he "played with the imperial court and mocked state affairs", and even pulled out a sentence or two from his other poems and took it out of context.
Sin, such as: "Reading thousands of books without reading the Dharma makes you know nothing about Yao and Shun." Originally, Su Shi said that he could not help the emperor to become a saint like Yao Shun, but they said that he was satirizing the emperor.
Failing to educate and supervise officials according to law; For another example, "if the East China Sea has a clear idea, it should be taught to turn brine into mulberry fields", saying that he is accusing the water conservancy construction of being wrong. In fact, Su Shi himself built water conservancy projects in Hangzhou. What makes him think that?
Is there something wrong? Another example is "Shao said that he forgot to understand the taste, and there was no salt in recent March", saying that he was satirizing the prohibition of people from selling salt. To sum up, it is concluded that he dared to ridicule the emperor and the prime minister, which was a heinous crime and should be put to death.
Su Shi was tortured in Yushitai, and he admitted that he was born to die. In the end, I will survive my death. On February 28th of that year/KLOC-0, Zeng Meng was sentenced to exile in Huangzhou (Huanggang County, Hubei Province), and Su Shi was detained for nearly a hundred days.
Released from Yushitai prison. Later generations compiled the statement and confession of this case into a Wutai Poetry Case. Wutai is a jade platform. Biography of Zhu Hanbo: "At that time, there were well water in more than 100 areas of Wu's residence.
Tired; In addition, there are cypress trees in the house, and thousands of wild owls often inhabit them. In the morning, they arrive at dusk, which they call morning and evening. "Later generations took Master Yu as Beowulf and Yu Shitai as Wu Tai. Since the initiators of this case are all officials of Yushitai, they include
, cheng suggestion, military representative, how. (Yushitai trainee historian), so it is called "Wutai Poetry Case".
In addition to the above-mentioned "trumped-up charges", it is said that Su Shi also offended the then prime minister Wang Anshi. It was recorded in people's notes at that time.
It is said that when Su Shi was a minister of rites in the imperial court, he went to Wang Anshi's study Wu Zhai one day to find Wang Anshi. When Wang was away, Su Shi saw a poem written in two sentences on Wu Zhai's desk-"The moon crows several times, and the yellow dog lies in his heart."
Su Dongpo looked and looked, wondering. How do you call the bright moon in the branches? How can a yellow dog lie on a flower heart? Thought it was wrong. So I changed my pen and changed the poem to "The bright moon shines in the sky and the yellow dog lies in the shade".
After Wang Anshi came back, he was extremely dissatisfied with Su Shi's revision of his poems and demoted him to Hepu. After Su Dongpo arrived in Hepu, one day, he went out for a walk and saw a group of children shouting around a pile of flowers, "Yellow dog Rollo, black dog Rollo,
Come out, will you? Rollo, rollo rollo. "Out of curiosity, Su Dongpo went over and asked the child what to shout. The child said, let's call the bug out quickly so as to catch it. Su Dongpo looked closely at the flowers and saw several yellow and black elephants.
Small insects as big as hemp crawl in the stamens. Ask the child again what kind of bug is this? The child said: yellow dog bug, black dog bug. Su Dongpo left the flowers and came to a banyan tree. He met a crisp bird song and asked others, what is this?
What is the bird's name? Others replied: this is called the bright moon bird. At this time, Su Dongpo suddenly realized that he had wrongly corrected Wang Anshi's poems.
The authenticity of this record can no longer be verified. From a historical point of view, it seems that Wang Anshi's punishing Su Shi and correcting two poems by mistake is not the real reason why Wang Anshi hates Su Shi. The essential reason is that Su Shi opposed Wang Anshi's political reform. So Su Shi will have a bad career.
[Edit this paragraph] Changes of Su Shi's poetic style before and after Wutai Poetry Case
1 July, 079, Su Shi took office in Huzhou, was convicted and imprisoned for Wutai Poetry, and was exiled to Huangzhou in the following year1month. Before the poem case, Su Shi had been a judge in Hangzhou in 107 1 year, and served as the secretariat of Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huguang.
State satrap, outstanding achievements. Generally speaking, his poetry works are free and easy in the desert, but in content, they mostly point to official life to express political pride. After the poetry case, although there was a time when the official was a bachelor of Hanlin, his works
However, there are few unrestrained derailments that lead to Yao Shun, but more and more turn to nature and life experience. As for his exile in Danzhou, Huizhou in his later years, his indifferent and broad-minded mood is even more exposed, inheriting the style of his works in Huangzhou period.
Convergence of life, I transport things from leisure to achieve a sudden quiet environment.
Taking Wutai Poetry Case as the boundary, Su Shi's poetry works have both inheritance and obvious differences in creation. Behind the "going home" complex that runs through, we can see that the poet's brushwork has gradually turned from the gratuitous sigh of teenagers to the helplessness of middle age and the broadmindedness of old age-getting older, more mature and more plain.
First of all, as far as the subject matter is concerned, Su Shi's early works mainly reflect his "specific political worries", while his works at that time focused on "broad life worries", taking evil as their enemy, and "Taiwan Province spit like a fly"
It already is. "His flowing works triggered the Wutai poetry case. Huangzhou's relegated life made him "cynical, cynical, sharp in writing, neurotic and angry, all of which disappeared." Instead, it is a brilliant warmth and intimacy. "
Cutting width, understanding harmony. Sweet and mature, thorough and deep. "
Secondly, culturally, Confucianism was advocated in the early stage and Taoism in the later stage.
In the early stage, he had a sense of social responsibility advocated by Confucianism and was deeply concerned about the sufferings of the people; Later, especially after being demoted twice, he advocated Taoist culture more and returned to Buddhism in an attempt to get rid of religion. Inspired by Buddhism's "normal mind is the Tao", he lived a real peasant life in Huangzhou, Huizhou and Danzhou, and enjoyed it.
Thirdly, in style, the previous works are magnificent and unrestrained, like a flood bursting its banks and spilling thousands of miles; Later works are ethereal and meaningful, simple and light as deep willows, and the flowers in Pak Lei are far away.
As far as ci is concerned, there are not many works that really belong to the bold style. According to Mr. Zhu Jinghua's statistics, similar works account for about one-tenth of all Su Shi's poems, and most of them are concentrated in Xu, Mizhou.
The country was the mainstream of creation in that period. Although these works are not dominant in quantity, they truly reflect Su Shi's positive attitude towards being an official at that time. Some later works have both the local style and the entertainment of the guests.
Send xing, charming gesture. For example, it is almost all-encompassing, colorful and lyrical, remembering the scenery, nostalgic feelings, giving gifts away, pastoral scenery and talking about Zen. This part accounts for nine times out of ten of Su Shi's whole poems.
Yes, in the meantime, it smells like Zhuangzi and turns into a butterfly, getting carried away. At this point, he expelled all dissatisfaction with reality and politics, hysterical rants, and criticisms that criticized the shortcomings of the times. Its subject matter is more and more extensive, and its style is more and more dull.
It's far.