In 702 AD, Li Bai, a great poet with the reputation of "Poet Fairy", "Brewmaster" and "Immortal", was born in Broken Leaf City, the capital of Anxi under the jurisdiction of the Tang Dynasty. Anxi Tufu includes Persia (present-day Iran), the vast Central Asia east of Caspian Sea and the territory of Gao Changguo destroyed by Emperor Taizong in 640 AD. In 657 AD, the western Turkic territory was pacified; River areas west of Khotan and east of Persia; Sixteen states, prefectures, counties, military offices and other large areas originally belonging to Tuhoru. Located in the Chu River valley in Central Asia, Broken Leaf City can be called the political, economic and cultural center of the Tang Dynasty in Central Asia.
In our country, even four or five-year-old children can recite his "the bright thread at the foot of my bed, will it have frost?" . Looking up, I found that it was moonlight, sinking again, and I suddenly thought of home. " Li Bai's hometown is Broken Leaf City. From childhood to Dangtu, Anhui, Li Bai never returned to Broken Leaf City, where he died of illness. Who among us really felt the pain buried deep in Li Bai's soul when reciting this poem "Thinking of Quiet Night"? !
We don't know which nationality Li Bai belongs to. There was no such household registration management system at that time. The history books do not indicate whether Li Bai belongs to the "Han nationality". We have been unable to verify this. Judging from his birthplace and enthusiasm for drinking all his life, Li Bai should belong to a minority. Li Bai's "Li" was given the surname "Li" probably because his ancestors made contributions to the Li and Tang Dynasties. It doesn't matter what nationality and surname he is, what matters is his poems and his legendary life.
Li Bai moved to Sichuan with his father when he was young. According to the New Tang Book, Li Bai was a "gifted scholar" at the age of ten. When I grow up, I live in seclusion in Minshan, Sichuan. Li Bai is generous in nature, light in wealth and heavy in use, and has a great personality. At that time, Li Bai knew that the imperial court had examination points for recruiting talents and talents all over Sichuan. However, he didn't take those exams-why didn't Li Bai take those exams? It turns out that in addition to this kind of examination, there was also a kind of "super-pull group subject" in the Tang Dynasty. As long as you have outstanding knowledge and talents, Datang can "use talents in an eclectic way". Therefore, Li Bai, a special person in this special period, believes that gold will always shine, and believes that "I was born useful, spinning a thousand pieces of silver, and I will come back!" Only focus on "vertical and horizontal cooperation", "fencing", "making friends" and "indulging in landscapes".
At the beginning of Tianbao, Li Bai went down the Yangtze River to Huiji, Zhejiang Province, and had a good relationship with a local man named Wu Yun. When Wu Yun came to Beijing in a letter, Li Bai took Wu Yun to Chang 'an. This trip to Chang 'an is a turning point in Li Bai's life. Since then, he is famous for his poems, wine and romance.
After arriving in Chang 'an, Li Bai went to visit the famous He. It is this sentence that "children meet strangers and ask where the guests come from", which deeply influenced the lives of Zhang Zhi and Li Bai. He, who was named as a "fanatic of the Four Ming Dynasty", has served as Dr. Taichang, assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites and academician of Jixian Institute, assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry and secretary supervisor. To put it more clearly, this man used to be the teacher of the emperor Laozi! The Book of the New Tang Dynasty contains: In his later years, this man especially loved "dissolute", "playing in the hall", "being a good grass official" and "writing constantly every time he got drunk ... as a treasure passed down from generation to generation". At the beginning of Tianbao, He Zhangzhi had been to the Imperial Palace in his dream and didn't wake up until a few days later. When he woke up, he asked to "go back to the village" and "be a Taoist". The emperor "promised a house for a thousand years" and "wanted the lake to be a drain pool for several hectares, with the song of Jinghu River. Yes, the emperor gave poems and gave them to the prince together with the officials "-this is a senior official of the court who escaped! At the same time, he is a strange man who is familiar with temperament and good at calligraphy and romantic poetry.
After reading Li Bai's poems, He was surprised and said, "How can there be such wizards on the ground? Such a genius should only exist in the sky! You are really a' fallen fairy' sent by heaven to the world! "
He said this not only to Li Bai, but also to Tang Xuanzong. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was shocked, so he called Li Taibai to the Golden Hall, talked with him about state affairs, and asked him to write articles face to face. Li Bai was appreciated by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty: "The emperor gives food, and relatives are spoons. There is a letter for Hanlin. " In this way, Li Bai went directly from a mountain hermit to the literati class. No one can stop a person from having real talent. There is no doubt about Li Bai's talent, but his Zhang Zhi also played a great role in Li Bai's fame. This is also called "help from the nobles"!
If you are interested, you can also study Li Bai's Social Public Relations-Li Bai is not only an excellent poet, but also an excellent social activist. At that time, both men and women (except eunuchs) regarded Li Bai as a friend. From the emperor to the emperor's teacher; From the middle to the civil and military officials (such as Prime Minister Pei Zheng and Marshal Guo Ziyi); Li Bai can get along well with ordinary people (such as Wang Lun).
After Li Bai devoted himself to the Imperial Academy, he still drank as much as before. I often drink with some friends who are good at drinking in Chang 'an Street, and often get drunk in restaurants, teahouses, restaurants and even the streets. Once, when Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was playing in Chenxiang Temple, he suddenly felt a little poetic and happy, so he asked Li Bai to come over and make some music and poems for his own ideas. But Li Bai got as drunk as a fiddler on Chang 'an Avenue. People have no choice but to take him into the palace, help him get some water and wash his face casually. He picked up a pen and did it in one go. But the article was "beautiful and meticulous" and unparalleled. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty loved his talent and hosted many banquets for him. Once. Li Bai accompanied the emperor in the palace again and got drunk, so he asked Gao Lishi, a celebrity around the emperor, to take off his boots and Yang Yuhuan, the imperial concubine, to hold ink for him. Deducted a wonderful play of Li Bai's drama "Powerful". That Yang Guifei didn't have any complaints, but Gao Lishi was ashamed of it, so he took the opportunity to extract some of Li Bai's poems ("Seeking Chapters and Sentences" originated from such little people) and misinterpreted them to Yang Guifei, saying that Li Bai satirized her by writing poems to annoy Yang Guifei. Women are also confused, not to mention Li Bai's "clouds want clothes and flowers to be beautiful, and spring romance reveals beauty." How can you see Yushan? " I will meet Yaochi under the moon! "Her poems will make her immortal, but she just cries and won't let Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty give Li Bai an official position. No choice but to give up the idea of making Li Bai an official. When Li Bai knew that he was not allowed by the powerful, he became more and more cross-country and slovenly. He drank and had fun with He, Li, Ruyang Wang Wangjin, Cui Zongzhi, Zhang Xu, Jiao Sui and others every day, and was named "Eight Immortals of Wine".
At that time, Li Bai, like a vase, was valued by Tang Xuanzong, but existed for reuse. For Li Bai, who has ideals and ambitions, it is meaningless to live in Chang 'an for a long time. So he told Tang Xuanzong that he wanted to roam the rivers and lakes and "go back to the mountains" to realize the Tao. Tang Xuanzong was a man who understood art and paid back the money. Legend has it that before Li Bai left Chang 'an, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty gave him a personal "gold medal": he was allowed to drink all the wine in the world for free, and the cost of drinking was settled by the government.
In this way, Li Bai has the opportunity to go down the river and "float in all directions", with footprints all over the country and become a real "Brewmaster".
Li Bai's life is inseparable from the words "poetry" and "wine".
When Li Bai lived in Rencheng in his early years, he lived in Culai Mountain with Confucius, Han Zhun, Pei Zheng, Zhang Shuming and Tao Mian. They drink from day to night, sleep when they are drunk, drink when they wake up, and get drunk when they drink. They are extremely happy to write poems and articles about wine. The number is "Zhu Xi Liu Fu". Wine, let him fully display his personality strength; Wine also makes him our best friend. It is precisely because of the wine style of Li Bai and China that it has been blowing from the sky of the Tang Dynasty to 1300 years later, and it is full of fragrance and has been circulating for a long time. He drank, recited poems, the sky was paper, the sword was a pen, and he indulged in mountains and rivers, becoming the first handsome man in the poetry world! It is precisely because of this Li Taibai that the Yangtze River culture has become richer and more concrete, making our Chinese culture more beautiful and unfathomable.
Li Bai is unprecedented. Together with Du Fu, he was called the "Gemini" of the Tang Dynasty. The greatest contribution of literati to literature should be reflected in the unique style they created. Li Bai is a great poet. At the same time, he is also the founder of Ci. His Qin Yi E can usually be regarded as the "first word" of China's pioneering work. Great beauty is silent, and great lines are clear. When he sings to the depths, he can write a "new style poem" that is even and flat, just like "thinking about the night". Therefore, he is also the inventor of China's modern "New Style Poetry"! Li Bai's poetry, ci, poetry, calligraphy and fencing have all reached perfection. For Li Bai, metrical poetry is a kind of "dancing in handcuffs and shackles". It's only when you wear it that it becomes more and more exciting, and it's only when you wear it that it becomes more and more crazy. These have never really bound Li Bai's fists and feet. Only he can develop Tang poetry to the highest level. Kung fu transcends poetry. I think all this is due to his superb fencing, and "freedom" is the only purpose.
Li Bai's life is also inseparable from the words "mountain" and "water".
Li Bai's footprints are all over the Yangtze River basin. Take Anhui as an example: An Shi Rebellion broke out in the 14th year of Tianbao (755). In order to escape the war, Li Bai lived in seclusion in Wanshan, Anhui Province for many years, leaving many stone carvings. Based on Wanshan, accompanied by Cui Zongzhi, he went east to Wuhu for quarrying. They took a cruise ship from Caishiji in Wuhu, Anhui Province to Jinling (that is, Nanjing) in the moonlight. He sat on the boat, wearing Gong Jin's robe, which meant poetry and scenery. He was calm and no one was watching. Until now, Wuhu, Anhui Province still has its story of "jumping into the river to catch the moon"; West to Qian Shan and Yuexi (and Yingshan and Luotian in Hubei), and realize Zen in Zu Er Temple; South to Susong (and Pengze and Lushan in Jiangxi), there is a poem "Into the Wine". Su Song's parents, Master Cen and Dan Qiusheng, not only hosted a banquet for Li Bai, but also built a Taibai Bookstore for him in Su Song County. Going north, I went to Jingting Mountain in Anhui Province and wrote the poem "Never tired of seeing each other, only Jingting Mountain". He also sang: "Li Bai was about to leave by boat when he suddenly heard singing on the shore." Peach Blossom Pond is deep in thousands of feet, not as good as Wang Lun's Send My Feelings. He is brilliant, and he has enjoyed the amorous feelings of "Shili Peach Blossom" and "Wanjia Hotel" in Jingxian County in the south of the Yangtze River. Seeing the beautiful scenery of "Tianmen cuts off the Chu River, the clear water flows eastward, the green hills on both sides are opposite, and the solitary sails come to the side of the sun", Li Bai was extremely happy, singing and dancing, crying and dancing, fencing and ringing, which entered the peak of his poetry creation and occupied an extremely important position. Among them, there is the famous song "White clouds, a thousand miles in Jiangling one day". Apes on both sides of the Taiwan Strait can't stop crying, and canoes have passed Chung Shan Man. ".
In Nanjing, Jiangsu, Li Bai also has many friends. He stayed in Nanjing for a long time. When leaving, he wrote a poem "Nanjing Restaurant Farewell":
The wind sent catkins, the shop smelled fragrant, and Miss Wu poured wine and advised me to eat with her. "。
Comrades in my city came to see me off. When each of them drank his glass, I said to him when leaving.
Oh, ask this river flowing eastward, whether it can go further than the love of friends! ? "
In the spring when catkins are flying and the flowers are bright, friends come to Bai and see her off at the hotel of Wu Ji, a beautiful woman in Jiangnan. People drink everything in the cup at once, and the vast river is as vast as the friendship between the friend who saw him off and Li Bai, who is going to travel far away.
The autumn wind is rustling, the water waves are misty, and the Yangtze River bends nine times and eighteen times, climbing mountains and mountains, breaking the original beach and going east. Li Bai sang: "If you don't see how lovely Gao Tingming's mirror lock is, dusk will turn into snow;" Didn't you see how the water of the Yellow River moved out of the sky and ran into the sea, never to return? " From Sichuan to Nanjing, the poet's eyes have always been concerned about the sufferings of people's livelihood after pushing a cup for a change. He sighed in Xuancheng, Anhui: "I have to leave Bolt and me since yesterday; Today hurts my heart even more ","You hit the Yellow Crane Tower for me, but I gave up Nautilus Island for you ". In the face of troubled times, Li Bai is chic and more painful. He can only "draw pictures and colors, and the green hills can be all over me" and hide in the green hills to learn immortals.
Li Bai is a latecomer. He developed romantic poetry to the extreme. From then on, when it comes to romantic poetry, people are just like him sighing in the Yellow Crane Tower, feeling that "the scene at the moment is Cui Hao's poetry on it" and dare not compare with it.
During the Anshi Rebellion, Li Baizheng moved between Anhui Mountain and Lushan Mountain. Later, Wang Yong Li Lin recruited him as an assistant. Li Lin went to war, and Li Bai fled from Pengze to Anhui Mountain. After Li Lin's defeat, according to the laws of the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai's crimes should be punished. But why hasn't Li Bai been punished by nine families? It turns out that Li Bai met Guo Ziyi when he was playing in Bing. When he met Guo Ziyi, he was surprised by Guo Ziyi's appearance and way of doing things. Once, Guo Ziyi broke the law, and Li Bai managed to save him and help him be pardoned. At this time, something was wrong with Li Bai. As a marshal of military forces, a counter-insurgency giant and a meritorious minister, Guo Ziyi would certainly not sit idly by. Guo Ziyi paid a visit to the emperor and requested to dismiss him from office to atone for Li Bai. The emperor was moved by Guo Ziyi's true feelings, and sent a letter to exile Li Bai to the distant Yelang. But heaven rewards hard work, and the way coincides with the Amnesty of the world, and Li Bai can return to Yang. It is also time for Li Bai to escape from the "prison difficulty". Shortly after he found Yang, he was involved in another incident and was put in prison again. At the time of Li Bai's suffering, Song Ruosi led 3,000 soldiers to Henan, passed by Xunyang, released Li Bai from prison and stayed with him as a "staff officer". Soon, Li Bai resigned.
Li Bai returned to Anhui. At that time, his uncle Li was working as a county magistrate in dangtu county. Li Bai went to Dangtu to live with his uncle. When Tang Daizong became emperor, he made an imperial decree to let Li Bai go to Beijing to take the post of "left gleaning". At that time, Li Bai had died of illness. Li Bai was over 60 years old when he died. At that time, it was a long life.
Li Bai liked the technique of Huang Lao in his later years. Once, from Niuzhuji to Gusu, I saw the beautiful scenery of Xie Jiaqing Mountain and said that I was buried here after my death. When he died, people buried him at the eastern foot of Xie Jiaqing as they wished.
I hope I can help you and adopt it.
Li Bai combined "poetry" and "human" perfectly, which made the word "poet" full of power. He doesn't belong to a person or a group. He belongs to history, to China and to the world.