The first mountain is the symbol of Xuyi, and it is also the business card of Xuyi. When I came to the first mountain, I arrived at Xuyi. Before visiting this famous historical and cultural mountain, you should visit the Confucius Temple first. Confucius Temple is a temple dedicated to Confucius, a famous thinker and educator in China, also known as the Confucian Temple (Wenxuan Wang Temple). In the 13th year of the Southern Song Dynasty (1 143), Shaoxing was built in the foothills of cishi, and rebuilt in the first foothills in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. For 800 years, it has been abandoned and built repeatedly. The Dacheng Hall of Confucius Temple was destroyed in 1976 and rebuilt in 200 1. The magnificent Dacheng Hall was born with Changhuai as Chi Pan and Qingshan as its support. Outside the hall, there are double eaves and nine ridges, yellow tiles flying, and the archways in the hall are staggered and magnificent.
The word "Dacheng Hall" on the sea blue horizontal plaque at the door is Kangxi Imperial Book. Mencius praised Confucius with his golden voice and Yu Zhen: playing music begins with ringing the bell (golden voice) and ends with striking the clear (Yu Zhen). Golden voice and Yu Zhen are the whole process of playing music, which is a metaphor for Confucius' collection of ancient sages and sages. So this palace-style building is called Dacheng Hall. In the center of the hall is a statue of Confucius, with four memorial tablets on both sides, Fu Hui and Shu Ji in the east, Zong Shen and Yasheng in the west, and twelve philosophers behind them, namely eleven disciples of Confucius and Zhu. When offering sacrifices to Confucius, four partners and twelve philosophers offered sacrifices to Confucius.
There are two temples in Mingluntang, one for entering Germany and the other for studying. This ancient Gong Xue is a part of the Confucius Temple complex, and it was once an imperial college in Sizhou. People expect mountains and rivers to be outstanding, and many people donated repairs during Daoguang years. At that time, it ruled Anhui Province on a large scale (Xuyi belonged to Anhui at that time). County trials in Ming and Qing Dynasties were held in Mingluntang. To be a scholar (trainee), a teenager has to take three exams: county, government and hospital, and only four or five exams at the county level. In front of Minglun Hall in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, on the day of the big exam, on the dark four-watch day, the candidates carried lanterns, books and food, and hung blue cloth bags on their chests, one after another. The long array of star-shaped lanterns extends all the way to the street. After the three exams, the lucky ones have to pass the provincial, national and palace exams to become famous. Sadly, some people got a white-haired exam and were still a "old boys". As the poem says, the second day after returning from the county exam is already in the west, and the old lady walks down the stairs with crutches; Ask with both hands and ears, what is the problem of not being crowned today? "No coronation" means no coronation, which means that this blind and hard-of-hearing old man is still a "primary school student"! Mi Fei came to visit and recited the poem "Moon Soaking in a Glass Spring", which became one of the ten scenic spots in Chengdu. There is a cloud in the poem: "Old moss money falls under the mountain pavilion, and broken glass leads to green spring. A jade toad can't stay, but it flies into the mirror at night. " . Explain that whenever the moon rises to the zenith, it is clear and beautiful, and doubt is a beautiful scenery between heaven and earth. In the 12th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1533), Zhang, a military supervisor, ordered the construction of the glass spring pavilion. In the heat of midsummer, Zhang sweated and rode on, and wrote "Glass Spring Pavilion", which showed the virtue of spring, looked at spring attentively, forgot hunger, and was full of clouds and grass. Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, countless poets have chanted about the glass spring.
The Glass Spring on the wall is Feng Shoushu's, The First Spring is Ge's book, and The Moon Comes with the Wind describes the joy and poetry of the glass spring night. When the Japanese aggressors ravaged my great rivers and mountains, patriotic patriot Qiu Guozhen impressively engraved "Drive away the Japanese aggressors and give me back my rivers and mountains", expressing the national integrity of the people of China. The left side of the glass spring wall of Lingrui Tower in Zhao Pu Temple in Sizhou is a masterpiece of Zhao Mengfu, a great calligrapher in Yuan Dynasty, which lasted for five years (13 18). The original height and width can be measured by the residual tablet, which are 2.5 meters and 1.7 meters respectively. In addition, the inscription is more than a thousand words long, which is extremely rare in Zhao's engraving. This monument was originally in Sizhou City, but it didn't sink into the water with the city because it was moved to the first mountain. This is a precious legacy left by the ancient Sizhou City built by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. The inscription on the first existing mountain has 88 cliffs and 78 stone tablets. Cliffs are mainly distributed in Xiuyan, Yan Rui and Xiyu Temple, and steles are mainly placed in Hu Aishan Hall, Cuiping Hall and Minglun Hall except those found in Glass Springs. The inscription on the first mountain records the handwriting of famous artists and politicians in the Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing and Republic of China, which is of great historical and cultural value. Its five-body calligraphy and stone carving art are national treasures. Most of the inscriptions are writers and painters, such as Su Shi, Mi Fei, Cai Yuanchang, Liu Dao and Yang Wanli in the Song Dynasty, Zhao Mengfu and Yu Kun in the Yuan Dynasty, Dong Li, Wu Bopeng and Li Xianfang in the Ming Dynasty and Zhang Peng and Tao Shu in the Qing Dynasty. There are also Hanlin, university students, governors, ministers and other senior officials, and as many as 32 people are listed in the China Celebrity Dictionary.
Among the cliff stone carvings in Xiuyan, Xing Xiangzi, written by Su Shi in the upper right, is the most famous, with excellent calligraphy. The signature was gouged out for political reasons. This inscription is not recorded in the county annals of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Qin, an archaeologist in this county, discovered it in the early 1980s, which attracted the attention of cultural circles. After thousands of years of wind and rain, the moss marks are mottled and the words are incomplete, but they still reveal the extraordinary talent of the great poet.
Six people on the right foot were written in the 16th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1383), with 16 lines in regular script. The two chanted: "Wu Chuxiong, a local ruler, is bold and courageous" (Yu Shouli), "Boarding the land with a broad mind and pitching around the universe" (Chen Gang). At that time, Ming Taizu was born in Xuyi, and People's Republic of China (PRC) was just established. The poet wrote Xu Yi as a great event of Zhu. Chen Gang is a scholar who gets something for nothing. Along the stone road, there is the site of Huijing Pavilion, which may have been built before the Northern Song Dynasty. Because Mifei came here as a "relic of the past", he couldn't help but sigh: Young people can't stand autumn naturally, so let's take a break from the scenery and scenery. Look at the ruins clearly. Leaves are falling. However, this is the poet's emotional words. After all, the scenery is still there. One hundred years later, the poet Yang Wanli visited and marveled at the beautiful scenery here. He is very happy to visit here.
The pavilions rebuilt here were named Shenyun, Lan Xiu and Guan Wei, Hu Aishan. In the Southern Song Dynasty, the name of Wang Zhijun was changed to "Qixiu", which means that "the melancholy gas came from the southeast, and the southeast gas actually began here." Now, looking at the remaining pillars and stones, the vicissitudes of life are full of eyes, and the thousand-year past is remembered; When the breeze blows on your face, all kinds of scenes will be under your feet. As Huijing Pavilion is located in the center of Du Liang's ten scenic spots, playing flute in Qingfeng Mountain in the east, listening to the late bell of Guishan Temple in the south, observing the setting sun of Baoji Mountain in the north, looking up at Yan Rui Temple, overlooking the apricot garden in spring, soaking the moon in the glass spring and returning to the clouds in Wuta Temple. Here, it can be better than lakes and mountains, and it is the best place for the first mountain to remember the past.
Huijingting is a beautiful collection of Xuyi written by a great writer. Facing the Changhuai River, it reminds people of Bai Juyi's "Spring waves rush, sunset sails fall" and Wei's "People return to their hometown". Bright peaks darken, geese fly to an island with white weeds, and Li Shen's "The sky is full of beautiful seagulls, and the sun is full of mangroves and beautiful peaches", which describe the great view of Mount Hu Aishan as picturesque. As for Su Shi, he has a special liking for drizzle, oblique wind, sparse smoke and sparse willows, and the blue walls and empty rocks of ancient temples, and he is inspired by many works. The Kuixing Wall was newly built behind the pavilion. Three ancient official characters were inscribed by the famous Yuxi Taoist, who is the president of the Chinese Taoist Association. In the lower right corner is the statue of Taoist master Zhang Tianshi. In the first year of Han 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Daoling founded Taoism in Hemingshan (now Sichuan), and his followers respected Zhang as a heavenly teacher.
The first mountain melts Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in one furnace, melts nature and human history, takes the essence of the north and the south, and connects the blood of ancient and modern times. This famous historical and cultural mountain has an eclectic and all-encompassing broad mind. Yan Rui is on the mountainside of Cuiping Peak, the first mountain, facing the deep valley, with lush trees and detached from the dust. Yan Rui Temple was founded by Zhu, the female crown (Taoist) in Song Dynasty. It was destroyed by fire at the end of Yuan Dynasty and rebuilt in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty, but it was destroyed by the Cultural Revolution. The original temple was partially built at 200 1? The main hall is dedicated to San Xiao in the middle? Statues of Xiao Yun, Bixiao and Xiao Qiong.
Ruiyansu is famous for its tranquility and has always been a tourist attraction. Since the Song and Yuan Dynasties, there have been many famous inscriptions, and now there are 22 cliff stone carvings. Yan Ruichun was inscribed in the Northern Song Dynasty. Governor Bao Jia made people cut hazelnuts and get the Spring Festival. "The grass trees are beautiful", so "the spring is named after the rock". I wonder who carved the double portrait on the right. In the stone carving, two people stand opposite each other, with towels wrapped on their heads and long sleeves and round necks. The human body structure is accurate, and the lines are concise and smooth. In the upper right corner is Yuan Man Yu Kun's handwriting: loneliness and insulation, seclusion and search, early spring. Yao's shop for sending lanterns is small, and the cooking wine is new. Yu que used to be the magistrate of Sizhou, with vigorous writing and quaint calligraphy.
Mi Fei once said: "The moon sets in the western hills, and the mortal sky is low." . The crane screamed truffles, and the crystal was cold and wet. "Appreciate the bright dawn of Yan Rui Temple. Since then, Longshan Temple has been rebuilt. The original site of Longshan Temple is on Guishan Mountain, which is connected with the first mountain. The original temple was built in the first year of Northern Song Dynasty. There are 500 iron arhats and many monks in it. The bell of the evening class echoed among the mountains and rivers. The temple was destroyed by a fire at the end of Yuan Dynasty and rebuilt in Ming Dynasty. Because it blessed the Empress Dowager and disrespected the tortoise, it was renamed Longshan Temple. When Mi Fei visited in the Northern Song Dynasty, he heard the midnight bell, just like the midnight bell outside Gusu City. He wrote: The turtle peak is towering, connected with the cloud tower, the bell rings to the moon, and the iron cow growls. Hearing one hundred and eight voices, I don't know how to rest at night. The Longshan Temple, which is now rebuilt in the new site, can also give out such a distant midnight bell.
The bell of the monument is also an alarm. Turning back to the west is the memorial hall for the victims of the procedural massacre of the Japanese invaders, which records the massacre of 1938. 654381October 3, more than 400 Japanese invaders occupied Cuiping Peak and set up machine guns. The whole city fell the next day. More than 2,000 compatriots were massacred, with bodies everywhere and rivers of blood. Mr. Yao, a well-known person in the program, angrily wrote: The building is burnt to ashes, and there is no soil to burn. The body was lying in a big alley, stained with yin and blood. A few years ago, the bones of the victims were found on the west side of the back door of the park. Layers of white bones piled up like mountains, side by side, with their heads resting on their feet, which was terrible. After CCTV news broadcast, it caused great repercussions at home and abroad. There is a western temple not far from the west of Kuixing Pavilion. On the cliff leading to the temples in the western regions, there are many deep marks that have been chiseled off, and the stone carvings originally embedded have been stolen. It used to be a passage up and down the mountain, and the inscription was completely unprotected. I wonder where these missing Mo Bao are now? The Xiyu Temple was built in the Southern Song Dynasty, and it was named after its location in the border area, also known as the Poetry Buddhist Temple and the Half Temple. The original temple is dedicated to the bronze statue of Guanyin, and the new Western Temple is dedicated to the White Dragon God. Here, what makes many people with lofty ideals feel dejected is that the distant "western regions" have been moved to the front, which means they have fallen by half. Perhaps it is precisely because the Western Region Temple is a symbol of tragedy that there is a sad legend: in ancient times, a poor orphan girl lived alone in this ruined temple, saving money and helping her lover to study. The man went to Beijing to catch the exam and won the first prize. But the girl rummaged through autumn waters and didn't get any news. It turned out that the ungrateful man became "Chen Shimei". The girl lived in Lacrimosa all day, and died of poverty and disease. Her clean body was buried by earth and stone during the flash flood. Later, an old monk dug up the soil and found that the girl's head was facing north. That's because the capital is in the north! There is a poem on the cliff next to the temple, with clear pronunciation and mellow voice and beautiful writing. The inscription on it is "Chen Yide". Some people say it's Zhang Fei, who is crude and refined in the Three Kingdoms. Although this is speculation, it is true that Liu Bei stationed troops for Xuyi that year, and it is reasonable for several sworn brothers to come to this important place. "Broad Sky" was carved in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty and was written by Governor An Di. These four Chinese characters were born out of the ancient monuments of the Northern Wei Dynasty. They are all official scripts, with moist brush and ink, thick and free and easy, clumsy and clever, plain and strange, full of interest and bearing, just like the mountains and rivers here, boundless and boundless.
Looking down, the bank of the Huaihe River opposite the first mountain is the site of the ancient Sizhou city. The world-famous "Oriental Pompeii" is close at hand, only two li away from here. Standing here at that time, you can overlook this bustling state. The original Sizhou City was full of businessmen, and the boat was very prosperous. This is a vivid picture of the riverside on Qingming Festival. As the Yellow River captured the Huaihe River, Sizhou City, a famous city in the Tang and Song Dynasties and an important town in the Huaihe River, has disappeared. Now you can still see the clues of Sizhou City in Chenggen Village and Dazhou Village of Huaihe Township.
Looking further into the distance, there is the Ming Zuling that sank underwater at the same time. Today, it has been rediscovered. Xuyi has always been famous for Emperor Li, and it is the blessed land of the emperor. The first mountain is unique in geomantic omen, full of the essence of heaven and earth and the aura of mountains and rivers. There is a saying that "the mountain is not high, and if there is a fairy, there is a name; The water is not deep, and the dragon is the spirit. "