Before liberation, there were no public hospitals in the Xinchang area, only private clinics. After liberation, the Communist Party of China and the People's Government attached great importance to medical and health services and organized private medical staff to form Xinchang United Clinic. In October 1958, Xinchang People's Commune Health Center was established. In 2001, Xinchang Town Health Center was built into the Shanghai Standardized Community Health Service Center. With the development of health services, villages (production brigades), residents' committees, schools, and enterprises have generally established medical and health care institutions to form a medical and health network that combines prevention and treatment. A mass patriotic health campaign was carried out extensively throughout the town, and the appearance of the town and village was greatly improved. Maternal and child health care and sanitation and epidemic prevention work are becoming increasingly improved. The epidemic of infectious diseases has been brought under control; cholera and smallpox have been eliminated; schistosomiasis, filariasis, malaria, diphtheria, and poliomyelitis have been basically eliminated, and the health of the people has been significantly improved. In 2014, Xinchang Town established 14 new hypertension self-management groups and distributed 45,000 health gift packages; completed physical examinations for people over 60 years old, with a physical examination rate of 84.6%; completed 539 unpaid blood donations and 151 hematopoietic stem cell injections; resolutely maintain The bottom line of family planning work is to ensure a high rate of family planning.
As of 2012, in addition to the Xinchang Town Health Center, each village in Xinchang Town has 2 health clinics, 8 clinics, and 26 rural doctors (formerly "barefoot doctors"). In the first year of Yuanyou of the Song Dynasty (1086), Qu Shiyan, a Lishi, tried to establish a free school. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, in addition to private schools, there were also government-run free schools. During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty (1875-1908), 5 primary schools were opened in Xinchang Town. During the Republic of China, Daming Girls' School, Zhaonan Primary School, Puzuo Primary School, Xinchang Town First Central National School and Second Central National School were opened in Xinchang Town. Early childhood education in Xinchang area began during the Republic of China. The junior high school class attached to the "Tiecheng Primary and Secondary School" opened in the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939) was the beginning of junior high school education in Xinchang Town.
After liberation, the school implemented the educational policy of all-round development of morality, intelligence, and body, and various types of schools such as middle school, primary school, early childhood education, and adult education developed. In 1958, high school education began in Xinchang Town. In 1978, Xinchang Town formed a complete education system for kindergarten, primary school, middle school and adult education. As of 2012, Xinchang Town has 2 kindergartens (Xinchang Town Kindergarten and Xinchang Town Stalagmite Center Kindergarten), 16 classes, 595 children in the kindergarten, and 58 teaching staff; there are primary schools (Xinchang Town Primary School and Xinchang Town Primary School) There are 2 middle schools (Xinchang Middle School and Xinchang Town Shisun Junior High School), with 43 classes, 1,812 students, and 170 faculty and staff; there are 2 middle schools (Xinchang Middle School and Xinchang Town Shisun Junior High School), with 32 classes, 1,897 students, and 218 faculty and staff. There are 1 adult secondary cultural and technical school with 7 teachers. The nine-year compulsory education penetration rate in Xinchang Town is 99.60%. Children climb the door latch
According to "Xinchang Town Chronicle" edited by Lu Defu, local residents have the custom of having their children get up early and "climb the door latch" on the first day of the first lunar month. Speaking of "on the first day of the new year, children get up early and climb the door latch", there is a folk story circulating among the people. Later, when this story spread, people living along the coast consciously encouraged their children to climb door bars when they were learning to walk. When they grew up, they also let their children practice climbing trees, swimming, and rowing, so as to learn some self-defense skills. Over time, it became a folk custom among coastal people in the form of "on the first day of the new year, children climb the door latch". Of course, later generations have different meanings for "on the first day of the new year, the child climbs the door latch". They hope that the child will grow taller and healthier every year, and will be able to achieve success step by step in the future, taking the meaning of "getting better and better".
Receive the God of Wealth The custom of "receiving the God of Wealth" has been popular since the Ming Dynasty. The reception of the God of Wealth in the Xinchang area is also held on the evening of the fourth day of the Lunar New Year. On this night, each merchant burned candles and set up incense tables to welcome the God of Wealth and pray for blessings. The boss and the following ones burned incense and worshiped. Live carp were hung high with red threads above the incense table to pray for "red carp (benefit) and fish (surplus)". Lip gloss. They also entertained guests and drank the God of Wealth wine. If the clerk is not arranged to kowtow and have his turn to drink the God of Wealth wine, he is told to pack up his bed and stop doing business.
There are two gods of wealth in Xinchang Town. Every evening on the fourth day of the first lunar month, the two gods of wealth are carried out of the temple. The golden-faced god of wealth goes from Guojia Temple to the south via Qianqiu Bridge and Hongdong Street into Xinchang Street, while the white-faced god of wealth is carried from Qinglong Taoist Temple to Yangshen Temple. Enter Xinchang Street via Minjiawan and head north. According to the scheduled time, the two gods of wealth were in the north and south temples respectively, walking towards each other at the same time.
The "living God of Wealth" in the God of Wealth robe serves as the guide, and the "walkers" (i.e. porters) carry the God of Wealth and follow him. Every time they arrive at the door of the store, the bosses rush to pick up the God of Wealth for the sake of good luck for the year. Set off firecrackers (i.e. high rise).
Lantern Festival Lantern Festival The Lantern Festival Lantern Festival has always been quite influential in Xinchang Town. At that time, in the three-mile long street, homemade lanterns will be hung at the door of every house. There are traditional cultural Kuixing lanterns, dragon and phoenix auspicious lanterns, twelve zodiac lanterns, temple flagpole tower lanterns, as well as traditional operas and classical operas such as Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea lanterns and Journey to the West. The Wukong lantern in Jili includes geometric octagonal lanterns, multi-layer rotating revolving lanterns, and aquatic lanterns that introduce Nanhui’s marine culture and display vivid fish, scales, shrimps and crabs. In addition to static hanging lanterns, there are also dynamic dragon dance lanterns (i.e. dragon dance).
Receive the Stove Lord During the Lantern Festival in 2006, a piece of news about the size of dried tofu was published in the "Liberation Daily", and Xinchang Town held a folk traditional Lantern Festival event to receive the Stove Lord. A small piece of news attracted tens of thousands of people to watch. That day, on the main street of Xinchang Town, starting from Hongqiao in the north to Baoqiao Street in the south, the front of the street procession was beating gongs and drums to welcome the "Zao Lord", followed by "Meet the Kitchen Lord on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month" The curtain walked in the middle, followed by the sound of Jiangnan silk and bamboo. The "Lantern Festival Meets the Stove Lord", which has not been seen for many years, attracted tens of thousands of tourists.
Tan Maodang "Tan Maodang" originated from the "crossing fire" in the Tang and Song Dynasties. People in Li took firewood to start a fire, and then made "jumping fire" or "crossing fire", which means "crossing fire". Fire is strong, developed and prosperous; it also means to drive away evil spirits. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it spread here and evolved into a folk custom of "recruiting wealth and sweeping away the poor" on the first half of the first lunar month.
Kite flying during the Qingming Festival During the Qingming Festival outing time, many parents accompany their children to fly kites in the fields. The locals call it "kite flying". Kite flying is a primitive aircraft with a long history. Judging from the "kite stands" collected by the Xinchang Ancient Town Company from local people, its history dates back to at least the Qing Dynasty. Before the liberation of this folk custom, children from farm families usually flew small "Butterfly Harriers" and "Bird Harriers". They usually used shoe bottoms to fly small kites. Children from rich families mostly flew large "Panmen Harriers" and "Hundred Bird Harriers". "foot (centipede) harrier" and so on. Whether flying harriers of various sizes, they are exquisite in shape and full of style. In the past, some villages had to hold a ceremony to sacrifice the kite after folding the kite and placing it in the middle of the living room. Taibao calligraphers were invited to sing Taibao, and then the kite was released.
Hundred Flowers Birthday is the 12th day of the second lunar month on the lunar calendar. Hundred Flowers Birthday is the birthday. Local people have the traditional habit of worshiping the God of Flowers on his birthday. In the old days, they tied lanterns to worship the God of Flowers. Nowadays, it is changed to the form of holding flower bonsai exhibitions, which is called the new style. . Xinchang people have a traditional "Hundred Flowers Birthday" on February 12th. The people of Xinchang have always had the custom of planting flower bonsai around the "Hundred Flowers Birthday". Therefore, the cultural department took advantage of the situation and respected the local tradition. In the 1990s, the Nanhui County Cultural Bureau organized a characteristic cultural evaluation and awarded Xinchang Town the "Flower Bonsai Award". Since then, there has been a Flower and Bonsai Association in Xinchang, which organizes related activities every year during the Flower Goddess Festival.
In the continuation of the Customs Chapter of "Guangxu Nanhui County Chronicle", Yang She once wrote that Yang Jisheng, an upright official in the Republic of China, was falsely accused and imprisoned by Yan Song after he exposed Yan Song's ten major crimes. Yang Jisheng died of anger and his face turned black. . After Yan Song's ten major crimes were exposed, Yang Jisheng was vindicated by Zhao Xue. In order to commemorate Yang Jisheng's integrity, the people in Xinchang made a special train to the Yang Society to make the black-faced Yang Tai as a god. They held a ceremony on March 28 every year, and held a community sacrifice by singing Taibao on the ancient stage across the street. By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, every March 28th, people in Li would invite Monk Xu, a Taibao calligrapher from Xinnan Township, to sing on stage, which became a folk custom to worship gods and entertain people.
Water Dragon Festival "Water Dragon Festival" was originally a folk custom of dragon dance to pray for rain during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It was originally called the "Dragon Festival". As the west wind spreads eastward, new fire-fighting equipment appeared on Shanghai Beach. "Water gun", "water pump". Therefore, it is commonly known as "Xiaoyang Dragon" among the people. This custom was extended to the early Republic of China, when Xinchang Town established four fire protection zones, located in Minjiawan, South Street, Qiujia Lane, Zhongnan Street, Pailou Lane, Zhongbei Street, and Hongdong Teahouse Lane, North Street. Every year on the 20th day of the fifth lunar month, the Xinchang Town Chamber of Commerce initiates the organization of the Water Dragon Festival.
Water Festival In the past, every June 24th in Xinchang Town, lotus lanterns were lit in the river from Nanshan Temple to Beida Street Back Market and a water festival was held. At that time, the lights in the river will be brightly lit, like a water dragon or a pearl on the water. According to the introduction by Shen Shenyuan and Wang Yuzhou in the book "Speaking of Xinchang", this trend spread to Xinchang and evolved into a "Lotus Lantern Festival".
There is another saying among the local people that this custom originated from the Ming Dynasty during the anti-Japanese struggle in Xinchang. As a coastal town in Xinchang, Shaolin monks came here for reinforcements and lit lanterns in the Houshi River, forming the "Thousands of Lanterns at Night" phenomenon. Powerful, intimidating Japanese pirates. The water festival held by Li people is not only a kind of psychological consciousness to pray to gods for peace, but also establishes the concept of war preparation for Li people to defend their hometown.
Sacrifice to the King of Medicine As early as the late Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, among the folk customs of Xinchang Town, the custom of offering sacrifices to the King of Medicine on June 24th was spread. Every June 24th, residents of Xinchang gather together and come to the Yaowang Hall and Leizu Temple of Dongyue Temple to pay homage in front of the Yaowang statue, perform a ceremony, and then invite Taibaoshu artists to sing and sing, which not only entertains the gods, but also Happy people. People in the village worship the Medicine King, not only to pray for the Medicine King to bless the pharmaceutical industry's business, but also to ask the Medicine King to bless the people's health.
Sacrifice to Lu Ban Every year on the seventh day of July, Pudong clay carpenters gather at the Luban Pavilion Society on Hongxi Street in Xinchang to pay homage to Lu Ban. Speaking of Lu Ban, he was a carpenter during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. At that time, due to the widespread use of iron tools, carpentry had more uses. Others can build houses, make chariots, and transport vehicles and boats, but Luban is famous for his ability to develop and build the Zhaozhou Bridge. People praise him as a master of ingenious architecture. Therefore, on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month every year, carpenters gather at Luban Pavilion to pay homage to Luban, praising Luban for his excellent craftsmanship and his virtues of building a magpie bridge to relieve people's worries. It is not only a place for worshiping ancestors in folk beliefs, but also a place for apprentices to exchange skills. At that time, after the carpenters have performed a memorial ceremony, they will invite Taibao calligraphers to sing folk stories for the enjoyment of their ears.
Sacrifice to Pinglanghou Yan Gong Temple is located on the north side of Hongqiao, Xinchang Town. It was originally a place where Cheng Zhaolin, a salt merchant from Xinchang during the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, served as governor of the Yellow River for his meritorious service in water control and was awarded the title of "Pinglanghou" for people to worship.
The 30th day of the seventh lunar month is the birthday of Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva. Legend has it that this night is when Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva opens his eyes. Every household in the Xinchang area celebrates the birthday of Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva on the eaves of their houses, street eaves and water splashing places. Rows of incense sticks were placed on them to open and illuminate Ksitigarbha's eyes. Children also put incense sticks on eggplants to make eggplant lamps.
The Mid-Autumn Festival has this custom all over the country. The Xinchang area is more unique than other customs. On this day, in addition to eating moon cakes, serving reunion wine, and eating edamame and taro, , and also lit incense bowls in the courtyard to offer offerings to heaven and earth and the Ramadhan Palace. "Xiang Dou" originated from the ceremony of worshiping heaven in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and later spread among the people. Archway
Sanshi Erpinfang: Located on North and South Street, it was built during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty and was ordered to be built by Zhu Guosheng, the minister of Taichang Temple. The archway has three doors, four pillars and five floors. It is tall and spectacular and has exquisite carvings. Because all three generations of the Zhu family were officials up to the second rank, it was named "Three Generations Second Rank Square" to commemorate its outstanding achievements. It was once known as the "No. 1 Archway in Jiangnan".
Shizunli Archway: Located in the north-south direction of Xinchang Street. In ancient times, Xinchang was still a beach. Our ancestors laid stone piles on the west side of Baoqiao Port to resist the impact of the waves. Later, when the port was excavated and dredged, the stone piles emerged from the water like bamboo shoots, so it was called "stalagmite beach", which was later changed to "stalagmite". "Li", an archway was erected to commemorate it.
Arch Bridge
Baojiaqiao: spans Baoqiao Port, connects to Dongheng Port in the east, and connects to Houshi River in the west. It was first built in the eighth year of Zhengtong in the Ming Dynasty (1443). It was built by Shen Wenzheng, the imperial doctor, to facilitate people's travel. It is also called Shouen Bridge. Hongfu Bridge: Located at the intersection of North Street, Hongxi Street and Hongdong Street, it was built during the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in the 47th year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1783). It is one of the well-preserved ancient bridges in the ancient town. There is a Feng Shui stone inlaid in the center of the bridge. Legend has it that stepping on the Feng Shui stone will bring good luck. Qianqiu Bridge: Built during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty (1662-1722), it is at the east end of Hongdong Street and spans Dongheng Port. It was renovated in 1983 and is still in good condition. The bridge body is engraved with blessings to encourage people to do good. Listed as a cultural relic protection unit. Zhang's Residence: Located at No. 271 Xinchang Street, it was built in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. It covers an area of ??403 square meters and has a four-entry courtyard. The front room is Zhang Xinchang Silk Cloth Shop. The decoration style of the Yimen, hall and cloister is a combination of Chinese and Western styles, which is exquisite and unique. Houdai is a gray-tiled bungalow built in the late Qing Dynasty. There is a Ma'an Water Bridge across the river, and a Huqiao bridge connects to Zhang's Garden on the other side (now abandoned). The layout of old streets - houses - small bridges and flowing water - private gardens is unique to the new site. On May 29, 2002, Zhang's residence was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Nanhui District.
Hu Guiqing's House: Located at No. 64 Hongdong Street, it was built in the 19th year of the Republic of China (1931). Entering the second time, the house has fine carvings and a complete layout. It has two floors with waist eaves along the street, six tall wooden doors with original colors, and a ritual door inside with the inscription "Brother Yongyi".
It means that the generations with the character "Yong" and the character "Yi" have been helping each other like brothers for generations.
Xi Family Hall: Xi Family Hall is located at Lane 122, Hongdong Street. It is divided into East Hall and West Hall. The West Hall was built in the late Ming Dynasty. It is a house with four entrances and three bays. The hall door is exquisitely carved and is the oldest wood carving decoration preserved in the ancient town.
The Lu family’s residence: This is the Lu family’s residence built in the early years of the Republic of China, with three entrances and three bays. Walking through this section of the alley, the first thing that catches your eye is a ceremonial gate. The pair of door buttons on the ceremonial gate are made of bronze. They have been preserved for nearly a hundred years and are still as good as new. It is the best preserved one in the entire Xinchang Town. Yes, extremely rare. Nanshan Zen Temple: Built in the 10th year of Dade in the Yuan Dynasty, it has a construction area of ??more than 2,000 square meters and three main halls. Now well preserved. The two ginkgo trees in the temple have a history of more than 700 years and are listed as cultural relics protection units.
Dongyue Temple, also known as Guojia Temple, is located in the northeast corner of Xinchang Town. The original temple was built in the 16th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1418) for the surname Guo.
Jesus Church: Located at No. 37 Donghou Old Street, it was built in 1949 and is a traditional Western-style church. The walls are made of clear red bricks, Chikalika steel roof trusses, and the windows are all slender pointed arched three-petal flower windows, which are quite distinctive among Jesus churches in Shanghai. It is listed as a cultural relic protection unit. The history of the stone revetment in Xinchang Town can be traced back to the Song Dynasty, which is 800 years ago. There are currently 6,000 meters of stone revetments in Xinchang, of which more than 1,500 meters belong to the Ming, Qing and Republic of China periods. The function of Ma'an Water Bridge (water port) is to facilitate ships to dock, to load and unload cargo and to get people on and off. The Ma'anshui Bridge in the ancient town has different shapes due to the surrounding environment.
Building revetments: Baojiaqiao Port, Hongqiao Port and Xingang Port in Xinchang Town, surrounded by three city rivers with rippling clear waves. In the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, long stone revetments were built on both sides of the city river. The revetment is about 3 meters high from the river. It is meandering, solid and simple, and full of the characteristics of Jiangnan water towns. Today there are 3,600 meters of stone revetment. Listed as a cultural relic protection unit.
Water bridge (saddle-shaped): The saddle-shaped water bridge built by wealthy people along the city river is twin brother to the stone revetment and is integrated into one. The architecture of the water bridge is exquisite, and the boat-tying stones are chiselled with fine dark patterns of the Eight Immortals. There are still 20 saddle-shaped water bridges in existence. Shanghai cultural relic experts call the quayside bridge "a cultural relic at the doorstep". Listed as a cultural relic protection unit.