The five-character poem "Climbing Yueyang Tower" was written one year before the poet's death, that is, in the third year of Dali of Emperor Daizong of the Tang Dynasty (768). At that time, Du Fu wandered along the river from Jiangling and Gong'an to Yuezhou (now part of Hunan). Climbing up the long-fascinated Yueyang Tower, looking out from the distance, facing the vast and majestic Dongting Lake, the poet gave a heartfelt praise; then he thought of his wandering in his later years and the country's many disasters, and he couldn't help but sigh with emotion. So I wrote this famous poem that contains a vast mind and profound pain. Yueyang Tower, the west gate tower of Yueyang City, Hunan, is one of the three famous towers in my country (the other two are Yellow Crane Tower and Stork and Magpie Tower). It overlooks the Dongting and has a broad view. In the fourth year of Kaiyuan of the Tang Dynasty, Zhongshu ordered Zhang Shuo to serve in this state. He often went to the building with talented people to compose poems, which greatly increased its reputation and became a famous cultural building in the world.
"Climbing Yueyang Tower" - Poetry Translation
I have long heard about the fame of Dongting Lake, and today I finally waited to go to Yueyang Tower.
The majestic and majestic lake divides Wu and Chu into the southeast and southeast. The sun, moon, stars and the earth float on it day and night.
There is no news from my relatives and friends. I am old and sick, drifting around in a lonely boat.
The fighting at the northern border broke out again. I leaned against the window and looked into the distance with tears streaming down my face.
"Climbing the Yueyang Tower" - background introduction
"Climbing the Yueyang Tower"
1. After the third year of Dali of Emperor Daizong of the Tang Dynasty (768), Du Fu went out of the gorge and wandered around the two lakes. This poem is a poem written by the poet when he climbed the Yueyang Tower and looked at his hometown, touching the scenery and expressing his feelings. He was fifty-seven years old, only two years away from the end of his life. He suffered from lung disease and rheumatism, his left arm was withered, and his right ear was deaf. He relied on drinking medicine to stay alive.
2. Poetry Appreciation
The first couplet interweaves virtuality and reality, contrasting the past and present, thereby expanding the scope of time and space. He wrote that he had long heard about the fame of Dongting, but his desire to see the famous lake was not realized until the end of the year. On the surface, it seems to be the joy of climbing Yueyang Tower for the first time, but in fact, it is intended to express the feeling that his early ambitions have not yet been realized. Using "heard in the past" to build momentum for "present" is ultimately to describe the brewing atmosphere of Dongting Lake. The couplets represent the vastness of Dongting. Dongting Lake is surrounded by Wu and Chu, the sun and moon are floating on it, and the waves are lifting the sky. It is so vast and boundless. I really don’t know how many dreams this old man has swallowed in his chest! This is a good sentence about Dongting Lake, which was praised by Wang Shizhen as "majestic in modern times and ancient times". The description of the scene is so magnificent that it is endlessly interesting.
The neck couplet describes the ups and downs of political life, wandering around the world, and the feeling of not being able to appreciate talents. "I have no relatives or friends" and cannot receive any spiritual or material assistance; "I am old and sick but I am alone in a boat". Since I took my wife and children from Kuizhou and took a boat out of the gorge in the first month of the third year of the Dali calendar, I have been both "old" and "old". "Sick", drifting in Hunan, making a boat his home, with a bleak future and no where to settle. Facing the vast ocean of Dongting Lake, the sense of loneliness in his life is even more heightened. The self-narration is so lonely, and there is infinite affection in the sudden changes and contrasts in the extremely boring and narrow poetic environment. The last couplet writes about the sadness of seeing the country in turmoil and being unable to serve the country. There is a blank space between the upper and lower sentences to attract people's imagination. The "past" that begins with "I heard the Dongting water in the past" can certainly cover the more than ten years the poet was active in Chang'an. And this, in terms of space, coincides with "Guanshan North". "Pingxuan" and "Jinshang" echo from beginning to end.
3. Summary
The whole poem is about "climbing Yueyang Tower", but it is not limited to writing about "Yueyang Tower" and "Dongting" "Water". The poet abandons the subtle description of the things in front of him, writes from the big picture, breathes out the heaven and earth, is concerned about the safety of the country, is tragic and desolate, and makes people cry. In time, he cares about the present and recalls the past, and in space, he includes Wu, Chu and Yueguan Mountains. The sorrow of his life, the country The worry, vast and vast, blends seamlessly with the Dongting water force, forming Shen Xiong's tragic, profound and profound artistic conception.
"Climbing the Yueyang Tower" - Explanation of Poems
"Climbing the Yueyang Tower"
p>I heard about Dongting Lake in the past and now I went up to the Yueyang Tower.
I heard in the past that Dongting Lake was vast and famous all over the world. Today I went up to the Yueyang Tower by the lake and looked down at the mountains and rivers. The two words "past" and "present" expand the train of thought, pull back the curtain of time, and lay the foundation for the majestic momentum of the whole poem. When Du Fu was young, he had the ambition to travel to famous mountains and rivers. He first traveled east to Wuyue, and then to the north to Qi and Zhao. The Yueyang Tower is The poet has long cherished a wish to visit this ancient scenic spot, but due to frequent wars and a wandering life, he is unable to fulfill his wish.
On the southeast side of Wu Chu, the world floats day and night. /p>
I saw that Wu and Yue were separated in the southeast by the vast and vast lake; on the vast lake, the earth and the sky floated day and night.
The chin couplet describes the vast and majestic momentum of Dongting Lake, with a broad artistic conception and magnificent scenery. The three words "Floating day and night" are deep and expressive, embodying feelings in the scenery, implying one's long-term wandering with no return. Liu Chenweng of the Song Dynasty said that this couplet "has the power of a hundred generations and is the most majestic five-character line". "Wu Chu" refers to the states of Wu and Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period. Parts of present-day Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, and Jiangxi were part of Chu State in ancient times; parts of present-day Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Jiangxi were part of Wu State in ancient times. "卼" means division.
There are no relatives and friends, and there are no old and sick people.
Not a single word of old friends or relatives was sent to me who was wandering around the world. I am old and sick, and I can only live on a small boat. The neck couplet describes that the poet is old and sick, living on a boat as his home, far away from relatives and friends, and living abroad. His desolate situation, sadness, and resentment are self-evident. "Old and sick", Du Fu was fifty-seven years old, and his family lived in a small boat and wandered around. At this time, he was in terrible health - his right arm was withered, his ears were deaf, and he also suffered from chronic lung disease.
The soldiers and horses pass through the north of the mountain, and Pingxuan Tisi flows.
Standing on the Yueyang Tower, looking to the north of Guanshan Mountain, there is still chaos and war. Leaning against the window and thinking about my family and country, I can't help but shed tears and communicate. In the last couplet, the poet links his personal destiny with the country's future, with profound artistic conception and endless aftertaste. "Rongma", soldiers and horses, here refers to war. In the autumn of the third year of Dali (768), Tubo invaded Lingwu and the capital was under martial law. The imperial court also ordered Guo Ziyi to lead 50,000 troops to Fengtian to prepare for the Tibetans.
Edit this section and return to the table of contents "Climbing the Yueyang Tower" - Poetry Appreciation After the third year of the Dali calendar of Emperor Daizong of the Tang Dynasty (768), Du Fu left the gorge and wandered around the two lakes. This poem is a work in which the poet climbed the Yueyang Tower and looked at his hometown, touching the scenery and feeling nostalgia. . He was fifty-seven years old, only two years away from the end of his life. He suffered from lung disease and rheumatism, his left arm was withered, and his right ear was deaf. He relied on drinking medicine to stay alive. The first couplet interweaves virtuality and reality, contrasting the past and present, thereby expanding the realm of time and space. He wrote that he had long heard about the fame of Dongting, but his desire to see the famous lake was not realized until the end of the year. On the surface, it seems to be the joy of climbing Yueyang Tower for the first time, but in fact, it is intended to express the feeling that his early ambitions have not yet been realized. Using "heard in the past" to build momentum for "present" is ultimately to describe the brewing atmosphere of Dongting Lake.
The couplets represent the vastness of Dongting. Dongting Lake is surrounded by Wu and Chu, the sun and moon are floating on it, and the waves are lifting the sky. It is so vast and boundless. I really don’t know how many dreams this old man has swallowed in his chest! This is a good sentence about Dongting Lake, which was praised by Wang Shizhen as "majestic in modern times and ancient times". The description of the scene is so magnificent that it is endlessly interesting.
The neck couplet describes the ups and downs of political life, wandering around the world, and the feeling of not being able to appreciate talents. "I have no relatives or friends" and cannot receive any spiritual or material assistance; "I am old and sick but I am alone in a boat". Since I took my wife and children from Kuizhou and took a boat out of the gorge in the first month of the third year of the Dali calendar, I have been both "old" and "old". "Sick", drifting in Hunan, making a boat his home, with a bleak future and no where to settle. Facing the vast ocean of Dongting Lake, the sense of loneliness in his life is even more heightened. The self-narration is so lonely, and there is infinite affection in the sudden changes and contrasts in the extremely boring and narrow poetic environment.
The last couplet writes about the sadness of seeing the country in turmoil and being unable to serve the country. There is a blank space between the upper and lower sentences to attract people's imagination. The "past" that begins with "I heard the Dongting water in the past" can certainly cover the more than ten years the poet was active in Chang'an. And this, in terms of space, coincides with "Guanshan North". "Pingxuan" and "Jin Shang" echo from beginning to end. The whole poem is a poem about "climbing the Yueyang Tower", but it is not limited to writing about "Yueyang Tower" and "Dongting Water". The poet abandons the subtle depiction of the scenery in front of him and writes from the big picture. Taking in the heaven and earth, caring about the safety of the country, it is so tragic and desolate that it makes people cry. The time is about the past, and the space is about Wu Chu and Yue Guan Mountain. Broad and far-reaching artistic conception.
Edit this paragraph to return to the table of contents "Climbing the Yueyang Tower" - Poetry Characteristics The artistic conception of this poem is very broad and magnificent. It is said that the vast Dongting Lake divides the boundary between Wu and Chu. The sun, moon and stars seem to be floating in the lake. Only ten words are used to create a huge image of the vast and boundless Dongting Lake. It is described very realistically. In his later years, Du Fu was already "wandering around the world in the southwest" and had no place to settle, so he had to "make a boat his home", so he continued to write: "There are no relatives or friends, and there is only a boat for old and sick people." . "There is no news from relatives and friends at this time, only the old and sick poet is drifting around in a small boat! From here we can understand the first two sentences, "I heard the Dongting water in the past, and now I go up to the Yueyang Tower", which originally contains What an artistic conception.
On the surface, the artistic conception of these two poems is very simple: the poet said that he heard people talk about the scenic spots of Dongting Lake several years ago, but today he was able to climb the Yueyang Tower and see it with his own eyes. To this beautiful scenery of mountains and lakes. Therefore, Qiu Zhaoao, a Qing Dynasty man, believed: "'I heard in the past' and 'Jin Shang' are the first signs of happiness." ("Detailed Notes on Du's Poems") However, if you only understand it this way, you will only understand the original artistic conception of Du's poems too lightly. This is not about the joy of landing; rather, in this ordinary narrative, it embodies the wandering in the world, the unrecognized talents, the mulberry fields, the vast seas, the vigorous wormwood...many feelings, so I wrote these two sentences: The past was only in the ears. When I heard that there was such a piece of Dongting water, how could I have thought that I would actually go to the Yueyang Tower in my later years? It was originally a feeling of depression, not a feeling of joy; if it were a feeling of joy, it would not be connected with the "Pingxuan Tears and Si Liu" at the end of the sentence. We know that Du Fu's political life at that time was rough and unsatisfactory, but he never gave up his ambition of "bringing the kings to Yao and Shun, and then making the customs pure." Little did I know that nothing would be accomplished and all the ambitions I had in the past would be in vain now! The words "now" and "past" in the poem have deep meanings. Therefore, at the end of this poem, it is written: "The army is in the north of the mountain, and the water flows through the river." Looking at the mountain thousands of miles away, the world is still in turmoil in the chaos of war. The poet leaned on the railing and looked north at Chang'an. He couldn't help but Tears were pouring down, and tears were shed.
This poem is praised for its broad and majestic artistic conception, which comes from the poet's ambition, his life and thoughts, and also plays a role in the background of the times. Huang Sheng in the early Qing Dynasty had a discussion about this poem, to the effect that the first four sentences of this poem describe the scenery in such a broad and vast way, and the fifth and sixth sentences describe his life experience, and they are also written in such a desolate and lonely way. The artistic conception suddenly undergoes a huge change from broad to narrow; in this way, it is difficult to arrange the seventh and eighth sentences. Unexpectedly, the poet suddenly turned his pen and wrote the five words "Rongma Guanshan North". With this kind of mind, he could describe the majestic and majestic scenery of nature in conjunction with the above "Wu and Chu southeast, the universe floats day and night". The ground and the bottom are set off and balanced. The genius created in this way certainly overwhelmed future generations, and no one dared to write poems about Yueyang Tower anymore.
This passage of Huang Sheng discusses Du's poetry from the perspective of the method of writing poetry. He describes the artistic conception of Du's poetry as the product of the vertical and horizontal strokes of the poem, and says that the structure of the artistic conception is determined by the creative techniques. Coming in transformation. This is not a statement about seeking the source. We say that the artistic conception of poetry is condensed from all aspects of the poet's life and thoughts. As for the creative methods and artistic processing, refining words and sentences, etc., we can only express the artistic conception more accurately, and cannot use these formal methods. Conditions are the basis for brewing the artistic conception of poetry. When people in the past discussed the issue of creation, they did not consider it from the aspect of life practice. Of course, it was inevitable that the effect would be the cause.
In short, this poem has a broad and majestic artistic conception and a powerful and profound style. It is a famous five-rhythm poem among Du Fu's poems. The predecessors called it the first five-rhythm poem in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Generally speaking, the magnificence of the country and the broad mind of the poet are mutually reinforcing in the poem. Although sad, it is not depressed; although depressed, it is not depressed. Hu Zai's "Tiaoxi Yuyincong Hua" of the Song Dynasty quoted Cai Sui's "Western Qing Poetry" and said: "Dongting is a spectacular place in the world. Since ancient times, poets and poets have written about it...but it is not as good as Meng Haoran's "Steaming Clouds Dream Lake, Waves" "Shaking Yueyang City", the Dongting is endless and majestic, just like now. When I read Du Zimei's poem, it is not the case. The poem is purely written in the form of a poem, with a narrative style from beginning to end. In the past, some scholars believed that poems used Fu method, which had no image and no poetic flavor. In fact, fufa is an important technique for the visualization of poetry. Its characteristic is that it does not pay attention to the language of the poem and the visualization of local things, but focuses on creating the overall artistic conception of the poem. "Climbing the Yueyang Tower" is an example of using fu method to create artistic images. The artistic realm it has reached makes people no longer feel the existence of artistic methods, or even the existence of language. They only feel that the poet's thoughts and feelings are impacting their hearts.
"Climbing the Yueyang Tower" - Artistic Features
"Climbing the Yueyang Tower"
This poem has a broad and majestic artistic conception and a powerful and profound style. It is the famous five rhymes in Du Fu's poems. Chapter, the predecessors called it the first among the five laws of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Generally speaking, the magnificence of the country and the broad mind of the poet are mutually reinforcing in the poem. Although sad, it is not depressed; although depressed, it is not depressed.
Hu Zai's "Tiaoxi Yuyincong Hua" of the Song Dynasty quoted Cai Sui's "Western Qing Poetry" and said: "Dongting is a spectacular place in the world. Since ancient times, poets and poets have written about it...but it is not as good as Meng Haoran's "Steaming Clouds Dream Lake, Waves" "Shaking Yueyang City", the Dongting is endless and majestic, just like now. When I read Du Zimei's poem, it is not the case. /p>
The whole poem is purely written with a narrative style from beginning to end. In the past, some scholars believed that poems used Fu method, which had no image and no poetic flavor. In fact, fufa is an important technique for the visualization of poetry. Its characteristic is that it does not pay attention to the language of the poem and the visualization of local things, but focuses on creating the overall artistic conception of the poem. "Climbing the Yueyang Tower" is an example of using fu method to create artistic images. The artistic realm it has reached makes people no longer feel the existence of artistic methods, or even the existence of language. They only feel that the poet's thoughts and feelings are impacting their hearts.
In terms of artistic style, Du Fu's "Climbing Yueyang Tower" is basically realistic, with profound meaning and many changes, which can be summarized as melancholy and frustrated. Li Bai's poem uses foil, foil, exaggeration and other techniques, with unique imagination and free and easy writing style, which can be summarized as bold and elegant. The whole poem has neat and neat counterpoints and strict rhyme, and the front and back are set off as a whole.
Edit this paragraph and return to the table of contents "Climbing the Yueyang Tower" - the central idea is that the chin couplet is about the vast Dongting Lake seen from the Yueyang Tower and the majestic and magnificent sight of the vast water, but the neck couplet is about The author's life experience is lonely and bleak. The poet wrote about the extraordinary momentum of Dongting and the vast ocean, and also touched the scene with sadness. He also wrote about the desolation and loneliness of his own life experience, which reflected the poet's worries and concerns about the current situation.