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Requirements of couplets
Couplets vary in length, only one or two words are short; It can be hundreds of words long. There are various forms of couplets, including right, wrong/right, flowing, antithetical couplets and set sentences. But no matter what kind of couplets are used, they must have the following characteristics:
1. Words should be equivalent and sentence breaks should be consistent. In addition to deliberately leaving a place for a word to achieve a certain effect, the number of words in the upper and lower couplets must be the same, neither more nor less.
2. Yes/Ping/Harmony, with a harmonious tone. The traditional habit is to "roll up/flat down", that is, the last sentence of the first couplet ends with roll up and the last sentence of the second couplet ends with/flat/sound.
3. Parts of speech should be relative and in the same position. It is generally called "virtual to virtual, real to real", which means that nouns to nouns, verbs to verbs, adjectives to adjectives, quantifiers to quantifiers, adverbs to adverbs and related words must be in the same position.
4. Be content-related, from top to bottom. The meaning of up and down links must be interrelated, but they cannot be repeated.
First, word equivalence.
A couplet consists of upper couplet and lower couplet. The number of upper and lower sentences is equal, and the number of words in the corresponding sentences is also equal.
Second, the part-of-speech counterpart.
Words with the same position in the syntactic structure of upper and lower conjunctions have the same part-of-speech attributes or conform to the traditional dual types.
Third, structural correspondence.
The formation of conjunctions, the coordination of meanings, the arrangement of word order, the use of function words and the use of rhetoric conform to laws or habits and correspond to each other.
Fourth, the rhythm is opposite.
The flow rhythm of the upper and lower conjunctions is the same. The rhythm can be determined by "two words and one section" according to the rhythm, and the rhythm point is in the even number of words used in the sentence, and a single word accounts for one section; You can also follow the semantic rhythm, that is, there are similarities and differences with the rhythmic rhythm. There are three or more words that are not suitable for splitting, and their rhythm points are all in the last word.
5./ flat/opposite.
According to the rhythm, the sentences are arranged alternately, and the top and bottom correspond to/flat/flat/right/right at the rhythm point. Two or more sentences are connected on one side, and each foot is connected in sequence. The /Ping/Bi specification generally needs to form a step-by-step conversion, which is traditionally called "/Ping/Top/Ping/Bi". If the taboo in Article 10 of these General Rules is violated, or the coordination of/Ping/Xie in the sentence is affected, it will be treated leniently. The upper part closes at the sound, and the lower part closes at the sound.
Sixth, form is related to meaning.
Form contrast, meaning relevance. The content and theme expressed by the upper and lower couplets are unified.