It first appeared in the 1895 competition in Zurich, Switzerland, hence its name. One of the special match systems of chess competition, which is suitable for chess, China chess, Go, Gobang and military chess. The basic principle is to avoid the seed players fighting from the beginning. It is a scientific, reasonable and most commonly used competition system. The English abbreviation is SS, which is made in Switzerland.
The method is to arrange the first round of competition randomly and fairly (usually by drawing lots), and then start the competition. When a certain round of competition is over, you can get the total score of all the contestants. Rank the contestants according to their total scores, from high to low, with high scores and low scores. Pass the last round, the next round will not meet, and so on, until all rounds are over.
Characteristics of Swiss circular system
The table of the next round needs to be derived from the results of the previous round, which means that you need to know the results of the first round when compiling the table of the second round, the results of the second round when compiling the table of the third round, and so on. Relatively high score VS relatively high score, relatively low score VS relatively low score ensures the balance of the game.
The Swiss competition system does not eliminate players, and all players are eligible to participate in all rounds of competitions, which is in line with the principle of friendship first and competition second. Each round can be composed of only one game, and one game decides the outcome, instead of adopting the best of three games, which saves a lot of time.
Because the best-of-three system, the best-of-five system and the best-of-seven system are used in conjunction with the elimination system, the purpose is to eliminate certain contingency and ensure that the strong can advance. The Swiss system does not eliminate players. If in a certain round of competition, the strong unexpectedly lost to the weak, the ranking of the strong dropped and the ranking of the weak rose, then in the next round of competition.
The strong will meet the weak opponent, which will bring them back to the top, while the weak will meet the stronger opponent, because they unexpectedly defeated the strong in the last round, which will bring them back to the bottom. After several rounds of competition, the influence of contingency is basically eliminated, and the ranking is relatively balanced, which can reflect the true level of the players.