According to the rules of sprint competition, sprint is the ability of high-speed sports demonstrated by human beings without assistance. Many sports (football, basketball, rugby) need the ability to run quickly in a short distance. Next, I will share with you the rules of sprint competition.
Rules of sprint competition 100 meter and rules of sprint competition
In international competitions, all track events of 400 meters and below must adopt squat starting and use starting devices. After the players are in place and ready for the password, they should immediately complete the relevant actions. Any contestant who fails to complete the relevant actions within a reasonable time is a starting foul. In addition, after being in place, interfering with others with sound or action may be sentenced to the first foul. Any starting action before the gunfire rang is also a first foul. From 20 10, athletes will be disqualified immediately if they steal a run once (this situation does not apply to men's decathlon and women's heptathlon).
Determination of sprint ranking: the athletes will be determined by drawing lots in the track preliminaries, and the preliminary results will generally be used in the finals. During the competition, the athletes go on their own tracks, and they are not allowed to cross the track after the start, otherwise the results will be invalid. At the start, an athlete who steals a run once will be disqualified immediately.
In the first round of the group competition, which runway the athletes are arranged on is freely arranged by the computer. In the next few rounds, the choice of runway depends on the performance of athletes in the final round. The purpose of this rule is to make better athletes queue up on the middle runway. Good runways are Runways No.3, No.4, No.5 and No.6, which should be occupied by the top four athletes respectively. The second, seventh, eighth and ninth lanes are occupied by the last four.
Determination of results: In track and field competitions, the ranking of all runners depends on the order in which their trunks (excluding head, neck, arms, legs, hands or feet) reach the finish line and end along the vertical plane, and the first runner ranks first. In any competition, if the athletes' scores are equal when they enter the next competition according to their scores, the referee of the terminal camera should consider the actual scores of the athletes concerned11000 seconds. If the result is still the same, the athletes concerned should enter the next competition. If the actual conditions do not allow, we should draw lots to decide who will enter the next game. In the final, the first place has the same score, and the referee has the right to decide whether to play again. If there is an unconditional rematch, tie for first place. As for other rankings, the results are the same and will be processed in parallel.
The rules of sprint competition are 2 1, 400 meters and below, including 4× 100 meter relay. Athletes should start in a squat position. Those who violate the rules for more than two times are disqualified, and all-around athletes are disqualified for three times.
2. In the case of lane separation, if an athlete runs out of his lane, he or she should not be disqualified if he or she does not gain benefits or stop others, otherwise he or she should be disqualified.
3, in the middle and long distance race, athletes leave the runway without authorization, and may not continue the race.
4. When hurdling, it is a foul for athletes to lower their hands and feet below the top of the hurdle, cross other people's hurdles, intentionally use or touch the hurdle with their feet.
During the relay race, when you finish the baton and pick it up outside the relay zone, stop others or run across the finish line empty-handed.
6. If three stopwatches are used to calculate the results, the results displayed by two watches shall prevail; If there is any difference, the intermediate score shall prevail. Two watches, whichever is the one with poor performance.
Sprint rule 3 sprint rule
The competition rules of IAAF in individual and relay events are the same for men and women. The starting device and squat starting technique must be used in races below 400 meters. The competition is first released by the starter: "Take your positions" and then "assemble". After the first password sounded, the athlete stood in front of the starting line, with his hands and at least one knee on the ground, and his feet resting on the starter's pedal. After the "Ready" command sounded, the athlete immediately raised his body, and only his hands and feet contacted the ground and the starter respectively. When all the athletes are ready, the starting gun goes off and the game begins.
According to the rules of the competition, "when an athlete determines that he has made the final starting position, he shall not make any starting action before hearing the starting gun". Moving before shooting will be judged as a steal, and any athlete judged as a steal will be disqualified (athletes can steal before 20 10). After the warm-up posture is completed, if an athlete interferes with other opponents with voice or body twitching without any movement, he will be warned, and the second violation will be disqualified.
The outdoor sprint is divided into lanes. Athletes must run on the designated track, and if they run out of their own track, they will often be disqualified. If an athlete just ran out of his track for a short time, but it didn't make a profit and didn't disturb other athletes, then the referee may decide not to cancel his qualification (it is profitable to run in the inner lane when running in a corner, but not in the outer lane). When running 400 meters indoors, athletes are allowed to enter the inner lane after running through the first two corners.
The white line represents the finish line of the race. Athletes are ranked according to the order in which any effective part of the trunk (except head, neck, arms, legs, hands and feet) touches the end point.
Sprint equipment
Track and field shoes
Shoe studs first appeared around 1850. In sprint events, the lighter the spikes, the better, so there is almost no pad at the sole or heel; However, middle-distance running shoes or cross-country running shoes have a certain buffer and a slightly heavier weight, which is conducive to reducing the impact on the ground when landing in long-distance races. The spikes are installed at the toes of the shoes, which helps to motivate the athlete to use his/her toes to exert strength when running. This design method aims to improve the grip and make the athletes concentrate their strength every time they land. If there are no spikes, the power to push the athletes forward will be lost. The rules of track and field competition allow athletes to have up to 8 nails on each shoe.
starting gun
In sprint competition, blank ammunition has always been used as a starting gun, providing sound signals for athletes to start and smoke signals for time judges. High-level track and field competitions use electric timing. Once the starting gun is fired, it will send an electrical signal to the timing system. Slowly, the game turned to the use of an electron gun without a shell, which can also send signals to the timing system. Gunshots will also be heard from the speakers behind the athletes. The existence of loudspeakers can solve the problem that athletes who are far away from the starter hear the gunshots a few milliseconds later than those who are close to them.
block
The invention of the starter needs to be attributed to Australian Charlie Booth and his father 1929. Prior to this, athletes used shovels to dig a hole in the cinder track to complete the squat start. It was not until 1937 that the IAAF allowed the starter to be used, and it was officially used for the first time at 1948 London Olympic Games. At present, the pressure sensor is implanted in the starter, so that the pedaling force of the athlete can be detected. When this sensor can calculate the athlete's reaction to the starting gun, if the athlete's reaction time is shorter than 0. 1 second, it will be considered that the start has been made before the starting gun sounds, and thus it will be judged as a steal. In the high-level competition, the starter and/or the recall need to wear the earphone equipment connected with the starter, and if there is a steal, the signal can be received through this equipment.