I climbed Feilai Peak five times before and after: the first time, I climbed to the peak of Lotus with Huang Daoyuan and Fang Zigong, wearing thin and short clothes. Every time I find a stone, I scream with excitement. The second time was peace, the third time with Tao Shizhen and Zhou Haining, the fourth time with Wang and Shi Geng, and the fifth time with Lu Xiuning. Every time I come to play, I want to write a poem, but I didn't make it in the end.
2. Classical Chinese about the West Lake (except two travel notes about the West Lake) The teacher asked us to find the original text about the West Lake:
West Lake Miscellaneous Notes Yuan Hongdao
Arriving at West Lake for the first time
From Wulin Gate to the west, looking at the abrupt cliff of Baoyu Tower, you have already flown to the lake. At noon, Zhao Qing carved, finished tea, and put it on a small table.
Drive the boat into the lake. Mountains are like moths, flowers are like gills, wind is like wine, and ripples are like silk; Only a stroke of his head, has unconsciously intoxicated, at this time to think
The next sentence can't be described, just like when King Dong 'a first met Luo Shen in his dream. On February 14, I started my trip to the West Lake.
Yes In the evening, I crossed the Jing Temple with Zigong and found Abin's old monk's room. Take the road from the stone path pond of Liuqiao Yuefen. A little taste, impartial.
The next morning, I got Tao's post, 19, and Shi Geng's brother and classmate Wang also arrived. He was a Buddhist and was good friends with Hu Shan, so we got together for a while.
Six nights before October
The West Lake is the most prosperous, with spring like the moon. The whole day is full of smoke. Chun Xue is very prosperous this year, plum blossoms are very cold, and
The development of peaches is particularly spectacular. The number of stone tablets is a superfluous word: Fu Jinwu Garden is full of plum blossoms, and the Yuzhao Hall in Zhanggong House is also a relic, which I am eager to see.
When I was in love with Taohua, I couldn't bear to go to the lake. From the Broken Bridge to Su Causeway, the green smoke red mist stretches for more than twenty miles. Singing behavior
Wind, sweat for rain, the prosperity of Luowan, more than the grass on the shore, gorgeous and smelting. However, Hangzhou people do not apply for a tour of the lake at 3 pm; In fact, the lake
The work of light dyeing green and the beauty of Shan Lan's coloring started from Asahi, and it was extremely charming before evening. Moonlight, especially, is spent in the state.
Liu Qing, the mountains are full of water, which is not an interest. This joy is for the benefit of mountain monks and tourists, and it can be the way of laymen!
Bridge truncation
The prosperity of the lake lies in the six bridges and the broken bridge. The old embankment of the broken bridge is very narrow, which was decorated by the present attendants, and the work was done on Bridge 6.
There are more than 20 species of peach, weeping willow, magnolia and camellia. The white stone has a jade edge and the ground is soft sand. Side dike
Benefit from miscellaneous flowers. Every time you take a step, you forget to return, not more than ten. A few years ago, I heard that flowers were blooming on the embankment, which attracted many people in a few days.
Fold it. It is forbidden this spring, and the flowers bloom the longest. Idleness is one of them.
Yu Hou Liu Qiao hang
After a cold meal, it began to rain. Yu Yue said, "This rain washed the West Lake red. Don't stay when you are eager to bid farewell to peach blossoms. " In the afternoon, Ji Xian went with his friends.
The third bridge. Falling flowers accumulate more than an inch, fewer tourists, and turn over quickly. Suddenly, rider Bai Wan showed off his clothes, which were more beautiful than usual. All his friends were white.
All the insiders are on the table Not so tired, lying on the ground drinking, receiving flowers on my face, floating more, singing less, I think it is very fun. Get the boat out of the greenhouse and call it.
Tea is served by a monk. Everyone sips a cup and sails back with a beautiful song.
klippe
The peaks on the lake should fly first, not more than ten feet high, but green and graceful: it is not enough to be alive;
No wonder god calls ghosts to stand. Autumn rain and dusk smoke are not enough for its color; It is not enough to change a book and Wu paint for it. Stoneboog
There are many different trees on the ground, not fake soil, with roots outside the stones. There are four or five large and small holes in the front and back, bright and graceful, and the milk is like a flower. Intermediate wall
Buddha statues, all made by Yang Guangtou, are as ugly as scars on a beautiful face. I boarded the plane five times before and after; The first time I was with Huang Daoyuan's prescription.
With the same journey, the single shirt is short and the lotus peak is straight. Every time I touch a stone, I scream. The second time was with Wang Wenxi and the second time was with Tao Shizhen.
Zhou Haining, followed by Wang He and Shi Geng, followed by Lu Xiuning. I have to write a poem every time I swim, but I can't write it.
Lingyin
Lingyin Temple is located under the North Peak, which is the most magical and has a particularly good view. From Feilaifeng to Lengquan Pavilion, there are water and jade, and the walls are painted.
Green is the best place in this mountain. The pavilion is outside the mountain gate. After reading Lotte, there is a cloud: "The pavilion is under the mountain and the temple is in the south corner. Gao Wushuang searched.
Forgiveness is not tiring, and strangeness wins. There is nothing to hide. On that day in spring, the grass is full of fragrance, which can guide the Nazis; In summer, the wind is cold and the spring is whistling.
You can bother to analyze it. The mountain tree is the cover, the rock is the screen, the cloud is born from the building, and the water is flat. Sit and play, you can stand under the bed;
You can also fish on the pillow while lying down. The noise is clean and clear, the sweetness is smooth, the eyes are noisy, and the dirt on the heart and tongue does not need to be washed and needs to be removed.
Let's go "Look at this, the pavilion should be in the water. Standing by the stream today, the stream is not too wide and there is no pavilion, but the scenery of the cold spring is better than the old one.
The cover has shrunk by seven tenths. Hiding on the mountainside, leaving Lingyin for a mile or two, the path is lovely. Old trees are swaying, fragrant grass is fragrant, and spring colors are dyed.
The voice of whispering, four points and five roads, straight to the mountain kitchen. Looking at the Qiantang River in buddhist nun, there are countless waves. Began to enter Lingyin, and did not like to ask poetry when in doubt.
Ancient Italians took pictures or helped each other like modern poets. I didn't know the words "the sea is in Zhejiang, with flowers and trees" until I climbed the tower.
Every word into the picture, the ancients really can't reach. On the second day of Su Daoguang, Yu and Shi Zi went down to the top of Beifeng Mountain.
Xi You Ji Lian East China
In front of the Lotus Cave, there is a pavilion. The pavilion is full of hope. Every time I visit, the lake Ming Che is blue and picturesque, like falling in a mirror.
Six bridges and a willow song, which leads the wind and waves, is spacious and lovely. The rain is continuous, the scenery is different, and the uniqueness of purity and goodness is also exquisite.
Life is more skillful than carving. I have tasted the Nanping School in Wu Shan, which is full of stone bones and hollow four-dimensional. The more I look, the more I find it. Near Ruosong Garden Pavilion,
Those who have found everything. There is also the * * * Palace Stone, which was discovered by Sun Neishi. Hey! Andrew Five Gods will hold the Qiantang River and wash away the dust and mud.
What is the wonder of mountain bones?
3. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the following questions: 1:(4 points) (1) Eradicate (2) Consider (3) Reply (4) Welcome.
(3 points)
Question 2: (10) (1) A few days later, (Wu Gong) exposed a very treacherous court official and exiled him to the outside of the ridge, which made the whole Kaifeng government extremely afraid. (3 points)
Scoring suggestion: hair, thigh and sentence fluency 1 point.
(2) Therefore, the talents in North Korea regretted not adopting the suggestion of Wu Gong, which made the Central Plains empty of financial resources and exhausted its national strength. (3 points)
Scoring suggestion: 1 split, false to false, semantic fluency.
(3) According to Hong Fan, Cheng said that it was disrespectful for ministers to argue in court, so the rain was not in line with the weather (and
Next). (4 points)
Scoring suggestion: 65,438+0 points ting, su and prepositional object sentences and semantic fluency.
Question 3: (2 points) Make a profit/move books to the east of Shangshi River/discuss it together.
Question 4: ① Savage, willful; 2 self-naming, not self-cutting; ③ Peter's desire refused to move.
Question 1: Analysis of test questions: To understand the meaning of notional words in classical Chinese, we should put it in a specific language environment. The four notional words in classical Chinese are all used as verbs in sentences, and the specific meaning should consider their subject or object.
Question 2: Analysis of test questions: The most important thing in translating sentences is to grasp the key words in the sentences. Keywords depend on the context of the sentence, and sometimes they are deciphered in connection with the context. For example, in the sentence (1), send and expose; Chestnuts, describing extreme fear; (2) In the sentence: Because of this, so; Virtual disadvantages, emptiness, disadvantages, exhaustion and destruction; (3) In the sentence: Ting, nouns are adverbials in court; Sue, respect; "If it rains from time to time" is a prepositional object sentence, and the normal sentence order should be "If it rains from time to time", which means that rain is not in line with the weather.
Question 3: Test analysis: The basic point of sentence breaking in classical Chinese is to understand the meaning of a given sentence, followed by grasping the relevant information in the sentence to handle and grasp it. Among them, nouns in sentences are important grasping hands. If you know the subject, object or adverbial in a sentence, you can break the sentences before and after it. For example, the words "Hedong" and "Pang Gong" in this sentence and the pronoun "Zhi" in this sentence can be broken.
Question 4: Analysis of test questions: First, according to the content requirements of the test questions, combined with your own understanding of the article, find the answer interval. "Dugong refers to Yuan Hao as a vassal minister, but he is a barbarian who disobeys orders and is not diligent, so it should be manifested as lack of responsibility and foreign affairs. Moreover, arrogating its name and praising its people, it is inevitable that it will not cut bring disgrace to oneself and sow the seeds, so it can win the title of the country. The story is also that Peter's desire should not be moved. " Then you can organize your answers accordingly. Here are three sentences, each of which is a little interesting, and you can intercept the key words.
4. Sima Guang, born in Xiaxian County, Zhou Xia. Father Sima Chi served as a special designer of Tianzhangge. When Sima Guang was seven years old, he looked like an adult. He liked Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals when he heard someone talking about it. When he went back to teach his family, he understood its main significance. From then on, Sima Guang was reluctant to put down his book, and he didn't know that he was hungry, thirsty, cold and hot.
One day, Sima Guang was playing with a group of children in the yard. A child boarded the water tank, slipped and fell into the water. Everyone else abandoned him and ran away. Only Sima Guang lifted a stone and broke the jar, and the water came out. The child was saved. After Sima Guang smashed the jar, people in Chang 'an and Luoyang recorded it with pictures and spread it widely. In the first year of Baoyuan, Sima Guang just turned 20 and was admitted to imperial academy. He doesn't like extravagant life by nature. He was the only one who didn't wear flowers at the imperial academy party. In the same year, the person admitted to imperial academy said to Sima Guang: "(Flowers) are given by the king, and you can't violate the imperial edict." He just inserted a flower (on the brim of his hat).
Second, the original: Tuotuo at the end of Yuan Dynasty and Arutu's Biography of Song History 95
Sima Guang, whose name is Junshi, is from Xia County, Shaanxi Province. Father pool, Tianzhangge to be built. Seven-year-old Guangsheng is as imposing as an adult. As soon as he heard about Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals, he couldn't put it down. He retired for his family and lost his big finger. Naturally, I can't put down my books. I don't know if I'm hungry or thirsty. A group of children were playing in court. One climbed the urn and his foot fell into the water, so everyone abandoned it. As long as the urn is broken with a stone, the water will burst and the child will live. Later, Beijing and Luoyang drew a picture. At the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Injong Baoyu was an academician of China Academy of Sciences. When I was crowned, I didn't like luxury. I didn't wear flowers when I heard about the party. In the same sentence, I said, "You can't violate it." This is a hairpin.
Extended data
First of all, the profile of the character
Sima Guang (1 019165438+1October17-108665438+1October/. Politicians, historians and writers in the Northern Song Dynasty claimed to be descendants of Sima Fu in the Western Jin Dynasty.
In the first year of Song Renzong Baoyuan (1038), he was a scholar and moved to Longtuge with a bachelor's degree. In Song Shenzong, he opposed Wang Anshi's political reform and left the court for fifteen years. He presided over the compilation of Zi Tongzhi Jian, the first chronicle in the history of China. After four dynasties of Renzong, Yingzong, Zongshen and Zhezong, Shangshu's official position has always been Zuo Assistant Minister. In the first year of Yuan You (1086), he died in Wen Guogong, posthumous title, and Zheng Wen, posthumous title. Ranked as "Yuan You party member", he has the right to Song Zhezong Temple and Graphic Zhao Xun Pavilion; From being enshrined in the Confucius Temple, it was called "Sima Zi's former Confucianism"; From the temple to worship the emperor.
Second, enlightenment.
The story of "Sima Guang smashing a jar" has been widely circulated so far. Little Sima Guang was calm, witty and brave when he was in trouble, and was passed down as a much-told story.
5. There is an ancient prose called Elbow Difficult Book. There is a word in the first blank, above which is a system, and below is how to pull a hand.
Pull back. As fast as lightning
Draw lots: draw lots. Number of strokes:12; Radical: hand; Action (sound)
From the hand, make a sound. The original meaning: pull, pull) is the same as the original meaning [pull].
-"Classic Interpretation" is dragged, and its cattle are pulled. -"Zhang Yi" filariasis is flying in the air.
-Yuan Hongdao's "Snowy Night and the Feeling of Zodiac Yuan Zuo" Until dusk, the snow overwhelmed our tent and our frozen red flag could not fly in the wind. -Don Cen Can's "A Song of Bai Xuege Farewell to the Field-Clerk Wu Going Home" is another example: holding the hind legs; Handle; Break)； away; Stiff); Draw (draw, draw) to contain; Control [control]
Such as: braking (containment); Pull (hug, hug); You can't pull the secret of [[painting] from behind, pull the pen. -The Biography of Wang Xianzhi in the Book of Jin is another example: drawing lots (in the Qing system, alternate local officials drew lots to determine the provincial points of their positions.
With certain conditions, you can choose to save the integral, which is called "integral"); Select soldiers (deploy military forces); Open (pull out); Pull yourself out.
6. Look at the answer of "Zhang Gaoqing, Hancheng native, scholar". Translation of the original text and ancient poems: reading classical Chinese (19) Zhang Yi.
The word Gao Qing, a native of Hancheng, is a scholar. As the main book of Chu and Qiu, the left-behind king in Nanjing once called it a public auxiliary device.
Xia Song passed through Shaanxi, recommended his talents, and changed Liu Zhai's envoy and Yuan Jing Qin Feng to appease the army; A few days later, I asked my mother to go back to the old official. When I learned about Jiangzhou, I changed my ambassador to Jingxi, learned about Dengzhou and said what my mother said. Still avoiding things, Fan Zhongyan said to the DPRK, "Does Zhang Fang avoid things?" This is Xu's reward.
Yang Huaimin, the chamberlain, was banned in the middle of the night, and the guards were relieved of duty, all of which were extremely discussed. Simple in nature, inarticulate, and even accused Zhang Guifei of being a woman.
Liu ② will not be reduced by Huai Min's success. Renzong read it and said Chen Shengzhi.
The imperial edict said, "If you don't make this honest and straightforward statement quickly, you can't return to the imperial edict." The emperor is the solution.
Early, the Qing Dynasty (3). Fan Bulin, who lives in Xiaren, feels estranged from him and gives up his land in fear.
Photographed by the handsome Fan Xiang, he has no long-term concerns and yearns for the city. These families were afraid of it, but sent troops to rebel.
Arrive, please abandon the city. First, Liu Huan, the deputy commander-in-chief, begged the Qiang to rebel, teasing him from time to time and ordering him to replace Guo En, but the Qiang was defeated.
I have done a lot of work and tried to shake them by killing young and old. The court ordered Zhang Shouqin to move to Jingyuan and Qingzhou.
After calculating the crime, he said, "Huan and Yu have a class. Now, it is not good to talk to each other. " You're staying.
To and two years, called and shi read, thanks to the empire. At the suggestion of Fan Shidao and Zhao Bian, Xiang tried to attack evil and wanted to go out of the mountain.
He said, "The official is the eyes and ears of the son of heaven. How can the Prime Minister be angry and reprimanded?" Get to the last chapter. Put it down. Seeing that he was referring to current events, the emperor said, "Your isolation can be like this."
He said, "I hope in the Lord. I am a servant, because I am not alone. Today, many of your majesty's ministers have high hopes, but few people devote themselves to the country. I think your majesty is isolated. "
The emperor was moved by it. Jiayou for three years, served as the deputy envoy of the Tang Dynasty, transferred to politics, and became the envoy of the Tang Dynasty.
See the emperor in the Spring and Autumn Period, repeatedly said the matter of storing heirs. Bode Li Zong, please grow old.
The emperor said, "Qiu is very attentive to the Wangs. Can you go? " But on the fifth day, he was ordered to go to the hospital and couldn't see the dance. Sima Guang said: "Be honest and honest, and don't abuse power for personal gain. If you make it in its place, you won't waste your time. "
I've been asking, so I'll tell you first, and then I can rest. Worship the prince's surname and be an official.
Xining is ten years old and eighty-six years old. Give it to Stuart and Shi Zhong and say "Kang Jie".
(Excerpted from History of Song Dynasty, Volume 3 18, Biography 77, with abridgement) Note 1: Bi à n. ② Liu: Tang Zhaozong was a eunuch and a traitor who staged a palace coup.
③ Qingtang: the name of Tubo City. 4. The words added in the following sentences are incorrectly explained (3 points). A. On-the-job Yang Huaimin is forbidden to appear in the middle of the night: on duty. B. A city in urgent need of a city: building a city wall. C. See the emperor in the Spring and Autumn Period, and see the height in the Spring and Autumn Period: D. Only give notice: report. 5. In the following sentences, the group that all indicates that Zhang Yi refers to current affairs is (3 points. Liu will not be demoted. He ordered him to replace Guo En with the emperor's eyes and ears. Why did he use the Prime Minister's anger to reprimand him? Before and after, he repeatedly said that he would save the heir. A.125b.136c.146d.2456. The following summary and analysis of the relevant contents of the original text are incorrect. (3 points) A. Zhang Wei has a public assistant.
B. Lin felt that he was going to surrender to Da Song for asylum and fight against Xia people. However, Fan Xiang finally failed to settle down, but overhauled its fortifications, which made those ethnic tribes think that Dasong was going to invade and rebel in succession. C. Emperor Injong said that Zhang Fang was "lonely", but Zhang Fang said that I trusted the Lord and was not lonely. On the contrary, I thought that the emperor was isolated when officials failed to serve the country wholeheartedly.
D Zhang Qian resigned from the imperial court many times and asked for support. Until Yingzong succeeded to the throne, he still asked to go home to support his mother. Yingzong didn't agree, just let him go once every five days, and he didn't have to dance when he met the emperor. 7. Translate underlined sentences into modern Chinese.
(10) (1) or to avoid things. Fan Zhongyan said to the court, "Is Zhang Fang avoiding things?" (2) If you neglect merit, you should tell kindness and kill the old and the young to shake it. Reference answer:.
7. Second, read ancient poems (1) Read the following classical Chinese and complete questions 4 to 7. C (wind: irony.
) 5.d) "Qin, Su and Ming" refers to the feelings of husband and wife. ) 6.b ("setting a metaphor" is wrong; There is no mention of "following his advice" in the animal incident.
) 7.( 10) (1) Build two castles to resist the Xixia people and recruit ordinary people to cultivate the land. With more people farming, the price of grain will be lower, which will gradually alleviate the worry that Hedong grain will be expensive to rely on far supply.
(1 minute "system", "system" and "release", 2 points for the effect, * * * 5 points. As I said earlier, I thought it would be implemented immediately, but I haven't heard any news yet. There must be a villain who says your majesty is in the prime of life. How can you do something unlucky at once? (Xiang, Spring and Autumn Prosperity and Autumn each have 1 point, with 2 points to the effect and 5 points to * * *.
) Sima Guang, whose real name is Shi Jun, is from Xiaxian County, Shaanxi Province. His father, Sima Chi, was appointed as Tianzhangting.
At the age of seven, Sima Guang was as serious as an adult. When he heard about Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals, he liked it very much. After returning home, he told his family what he had heard, but he could give a general idea. Since then, he has been writing all day.
In the early years of Baoyuan in Song Renzong, Sima Guang was admitted to Jinshi, and he was just twenty years old this year. He doesn't like luxury goods. Sima Guang is the only one who doesn't wear flowers at the "smell wedding banquet". A scholar told him: "The flowers given by the king are inviolable.
"So Sima Guangcai put on one. Sima Guang followed Pang Ji as the judge of Bingzhou.
There are many fertile fields in the west of Quye River in Linzhou, and the Xixia people nibbled at the land in this area, which became a disaster in the east of the river. Pang Ji ordered Sima Guang to make an inspection tour. Sima Guang suggested: "Build two castles to resist Xixia people and recruit people to farm the land.
With more people farming, the price of grain will be lower, which will gradually alleviate the worry that Hedong grain is expensive and depends on far supply. "Ponzi listened to his plan.
Guo En, the general of our state, is brave, but a little arrogant. He led the troops to cross the river at night, unguarded and destroyed by the enemy. Ponzi was convicted and left our state. Sima Guang wrote three times to explain that Guo En's downfall was his own fault, but he didn't get an answer.
After Pang Ji's death, Sima Guang went to the court to visit his wife, treated her like a mother and raised his son as a brother. People at that time praised him very much. Later, Sima Guang was appointed as the official of Zhimi Pavilion and Kaifeng Prefecture.
At this time, a monster named Jiao Zhi Gong Na came to call Lin, and Sima Guang said, "It is unknown whether it is true or not. Even if it is true, it doesn't mean it is a sign of good luck. I hope to repay what they have provided. " He wrote another article to be sarcastic.
He also wrote a personal letter and worked in the Ministry of Ritual. The authorities said there was a solar eclipse. According to the convention, if the eclipse is not enough, or the capital can't see it, you should congratulate it.
Sima Guang said: "You can see it in all directions, but you can't see the capital. It can be seen that the king was deceived by sinister villains; Everyone in the world knows that only the court does not know that the disaster it will bring will be even greater and should not be celebrated. " The court took his advice.
Renzong is in poor health, but the heir of the country has not yet been determined, and everyone in the world is worried but afraid to speak. Fan Zhen, an admonition official, first expressed his views. After hearing about it in Bing, Sima Guang also expressed his opinions and presented them to Fan Zhen, urging him to fight to the death.
At this time, Sima Guang said in front of the emperor, "I used to be a general's judge in Bing, and I hope your majesty will be decisive and faithful." The emperor thought for a long time, and then said, "Do you want to choose the descendants of the imperial clan as heirs? This is indeed what the loyal minister said, but others dare not say it.
Sima Guang said: "I said this because I thought I would definitely be sentenced to death. I didn't expect the emperor to be so open-minded and accepted it. " The emperor said, "What's wrong with this? This happens all the time.
After Sima Guang retired from the DPRK, he didn't hear about the imperial edict, so he wrote: "I told you earlier that I thought it would be implemented immediately, but I haven't heard of it yet. There must be a villain who says your majesty is in the prime of life. How can you do something unlucky right away? " Those little people have no long-term consideration, just want to win their attention and friendliness in a hurry. Can you finish the disasters of' aging the country' and' the son of heaven'? "The emperor was greatly moved and said," Send Sima Guang's letter to Zhongshu Province.
When Sima Guang met Han Qi and others, he said, "The gentleman made an agreement long ago. At midnight, an inch of paper will be distributed in the palace tomorrow, and the people of the whole country dare not violate it." Han Qi and others bowed their hands and said, "I dare not try my best.
"Soon, the imperial edict put Yingzong in charge of Zong Zheng affairs, and Yingzong repeatedly refused to promise, so he was made a prince. Yingzong also said that he was sick and refused to enter the palace.
Sima Guang said: "It has been almost a month since the Prince refused to be rich, which shows that he is much more virtuous than the average person. But the king refused to accept his father's call, but refused to apply, hoping to blame the prince with the morality of his lieutenants, and he would definitely enter the palace.
"Yingzong really accepted the call-up.