The Roman Legion is the basic force of the Roman army. Because of many great military victories, whether in the Republic of China or the higher version of the imperial era, the legion has always been regarded as the most efficient and potential tactical model in the military.
/kloc-in the 0/2nd century (from 753 BC to 476 BC), the size and composition of Roman legions were very different.
However, these changes will not affect the combat effectiveness of the Legion, Auxiliary, Guards, City Association and Roman Navy. So at present, there is no ancient civilized army in the world, which can compete with the Roman legion composed of troops in the cold weapon era.
One of the pioneering innovations of the young Roman Republic is to establish channels with other countries. The first is to establish an indefinite military alliance with other city-states other than the old Lazio tribe in England.
Treaty of Gaius Cassius Longinus
It is a non-aggression and defense agreement, and it seems to be a joint action in this field. By providing Romans and Latins with equal opportunities to share the spoils, Rome is likely to have roughly the same number of Latin troops as required by the treaty. The allied strategy is to decide through the annual meeting that the orders of any joint forces may alternate between Rome and its allies. Therefore, it requires all signatory countries to assist (specify the number) and fight against any armed forces according to the instructions.
Other major changes have taken place at this time. Samoans' demands for struggle led to twice the normal Roman army, reaching two or four legions. In addition, the dissolution of the alliance (Casian Pact) and its replacement with other Latin American cities may occur during this period. A new military alliance embraces all countries, and Latin America and non-Latin America are conquered by the Romans (called companions or allies) unlike treaties.
This is a multilateral treaty (signed jointly or bilaterally by Rome with all other Latin American countries and non-Latin American countries), and the new arrangement is based on bilateral treaties between Rome and each large ally. The new system is likely to be a competitive alliance to update Roman rule. The strategic deployment was decided by the Roman Senate alone, and the assembly and command of the joint forces were always in Rome's hands.
The Roman monarchy, * * * and the state and empire are in a state of preparation all the time. Usually, a personal guard consisting of only 300 knights is called swift swift Equestrian Regiment and a band, which is the smallest organized soldier unit in the Roman Legion, equivalent to the modern team of the Eighth Army. The men in the band are called cohabiting partners. Ten companies form a team of 100 people respectively. Band and soldier share a tent, which can be rewarded or punished as a unit.
It is equivalent to a dean and a junior sergeant. They were appointed from the legion, and probably they were the longest serving legion. Their duties will include organizing the construction of marching tents and maintaining discipline. Two assistants (servants) are equivalent to modern support forces and are assigned to each band. The scholarship they are responsible for is to look after mules and ensure that the legion has water to drink when marching, and often they have special skills, such as forging or carpentry.
It means (ten chiefs) the late dean of Latin. This word originated from the Roman army, and was later used for lieutenant officials in the Byzantine Empire and various positions in the church, hence the English title (Dean).
Decani was originally the leader of the band, lived in the same tent as the Eighth Army Corps, and had two supporting units/servants. It could not be with the members of the Committee. This was for the leaders of the first 30 squadrons (squadrons), whose titles confused the civic officials and cavalry of the team.
In Greek, it is equivalent to the rank of dekarchos (Commander X).
In the church, this word is used on the heads of ten (10) other monastic groups, and the patriarch of Constantinople is a low-level Dalit official and missionary miner (grave digger).
The discipline and training of the Roman legion are also obvious in his movements, especially his walking speed.
The normal rate of walking every day is 5 kilometers, 1 hour, 10 minute rest, and the speed is maintained at 5 to 7 hours. There is also a faster speed of 7.2 kilometers and 50 minutes, sometimes in an emergency (going to another legion's aid point) for several hours (especially 8, 9). The speed of the movement (unparalleled before the French Revolution) was due to the fact that most of the transportation conditions in the local world gave the Roman legion a great operational advantage: it allowed two more troops than the enemy to meet in a specific place, so it had not waited for him to react. After intensive construction, the luggage speed is reduced by one third (generally 25 kilometers) every night.
According to the empire, this speed may also be attributed to walking at least three times a month on a fixed date. All the members packed all the necessary equipment (up to 40 kilograms), crossed the 40-kilometer hilly route and paid the rate twice.
The key to the success of another legion is the morale of the soldiers, because everyone must rely on the support of their peers to integrate and consolidate the knowledge provided by the soldiers in the whole system team of the legion. This is similar to the complexity of today's large forces. The ranking of a brigade and a division changes, but the most important thing is to gather around him. In addition to weapons, infantry and cavalry, other professional departments are the basic units of rigging, Sagittarius, explorers and engineers. Earlier, the help of independent logistics was usually stationed in the province, responsible for security and military defense.
The legion of Emperor Augustus (ruling from 30 BC to A.D. 14) changed from mixed conscription and volunteer service corps to Roman citizens in an average of ten years, recruiting 5,000 all-in-one heavy infantry formations and volunteering for 25 years as long-term professionals. Conscription will only be released in an emergency. At the end of the first century, the first legion doubled in size and its personnel increased to 5500.
In addition to the legion, Augustus also established an auxiliary force. The legions of regular legions were recruited from abroad (about 90% of the imperial population was non-citizen residents in the first century) and contained a large number of heavy infantry equipment. In a similar way, it helped provide almost all army cavalry (heavy cavalry and light cavalry), light infantry, archers and other experts outside the legion.
An elite force of 500 people organized by the auxiliary forces is called the accomplice (all infantry) wing (all cavalry) and the accomplice cavalry (followed by the main infantry and cavalry).
In 80 AD, the number of small auxiliary groups doubled.
Until AD 68, the auxiliary forces were recruited through a mixture of conscription and voluntary enlistment. Since then, the auxiliary force has largely become a volunteer team and recruitment measures, and only the minimum service life of 25 years is required in an emergency. Although many people have served longer. For their minimum sentence, the auxiliary forces were granted Roman citizenship, which implemented important legal, financial and social advantages. In addition to regular troops, the Fuehrer's army also hired mercenaries from outside the empire to establish local allied forces (called numbers). These are aristocrats who are self-led and equipped with traditional fashion. The numbers and fluctuations depending on the situation are largely unknown.
Usually, the enemy ruling class, as the defensive side, has been eliminated by a joint special tactical team composed of 500 elite troops and quick cavalry organized by auxiliary forces before the troops are assembled.
In history, those who refused to surrender and fought alone had a bitter end. Not only many armed forces loyal to themselves turned against treaties carved up by alliances driven by selfish greed of human nature. Those fortresses built on important mountains and coastlines not only blocked the enemy's foreign aid. The Legion of Rome also has a dual-position financial and media organization (civilian position and aristocratic position), which provides a financial investment platform for those who remain neutral or have not yet decided whether to provide help.
Many effective gladiator teams will be hired by people from various countries and regions and provide equipment funds to participate in the battle as mercenaries. Coupled with the propaganda and mobilization work in the religious field, the fate of those invaded countries and regions is similar to that of Dachuan when Eight-Nation Alliance carved us up.
What kind of soldiers are more suitable to fight in the local area than those who are familiar with the geographical environment and need this kind of fighting?
At that time, the home concept of the Roman legion continued to today's sports field. During the Republic of China, the Legion was composed of citizen soldiers who left their daily activities to defend the city (and its attributes). When the legion was promoted, all Roman citizens gathered in the square of Mars in spring. According to the survey of the Inspector General of Citizen Wealth, it is held every five years and divided into 193 groups. In the category of the first census, it was considered rich and the enrollment rate was very low. Farmers have made the following use of their land and achieved some success.
The previous choice of the Citizen Corps was entrusted to God and decided by lot. Each bourgeois mentioned above should provide enough people to form a century. Each category has a hundred-year name. Therefore, it is in the century (census) that figures are insignificant to wealthy citizens, and a large proportion is randomly selected, forming a century (military) completion. On the contrary, for centuries (civic groups), important people were not good, and a small part of them were taken (civic groups). There are two ways to show that the system is reasonable:
First of all, the fact that citizens strive to defend their property is obviously more sufficient than defending the poor, so their self-defense is considered normal; Then, as citizens, it is easy for rich people to buy equipment by themselves. That's why we have a better-equipped army and a brave army. In the lottery, everyone was called his name. He went out to show whether he could become a legion this year, and immediately reviewed and accepted the excuse given to him. The draw continued until the legion was full.
If we need more legions, many of them are drawn by some military citizens, starting from the equestrian century and ending with the proletarian belt (which can provide less than other centuries).
/kloc-cavalry provided in the 0/8th century. The public can provide horses. These reasons are called equestrian for a hundred years.
* * * and military personnel.
During the Republic of China and peacetime, the Fourth Roman Legion and the Fourth League Legion (see Socii) were promoted every year. In the second Punic War, the number of legions was 6 BC 2 18 years. The war in BC began and reached the 23rd Army Corps -2 1 1.
Until the middle of the third century, before Augustus and Hadrian camped, the Roman army hardly developed. In the heyday of the empire, 350,000 people were enough to cover the border line of almost 10000 kilometers. This figure is divided into 30 legions and auxiliary institutions to reduce the sometimes restricted areas and make an issue of one or even two enemy troops. But these tactical designs are increasingly difficult to meet the extreme mobility of new enemies. In the third century, such power was not enough to deal with conflicts, and sometimes all imperial borders were diversified at the same time. An army composed of major infantry, with a small cavalry on each side, still cannot escape the moving enemy. As long as it is in open terrain, it may refuse guerrilla warfare.
The legion (4 500-6000) has reached its limit, because it may appear again that day. What is its advantage and what has become its main obstacle? Overweight and slow, huge logistical and legion assistance involves braking in its business.
Once the defense curtain (document) is forcibly opened, nothing can stop the barbaric border groups from grabbing business from them. Surprisingly, the direction of the whole city suddenly changed and it fell into the hands of intruders without using the Ossetti card! Some barbarians dare not neglect, observe their Roman opponents and eventually charge the same combat skills. All these factors partly made the old legion obsolete. There are also economic crisis, inflation, slow communication, and lack of time coordination between civil war and invasion. The profound changes in the army have become indispensable.
Housing corps
The following are the legions of the Republic of China:
Caesar Friendship Organization/Venice Friendship Organization
LEGIO XII Victrix/ANTIQUA/Fulminata/Certa CONSTANS/gal liena
The following are the legions in the heyday of the empire:
friendship association
Leggio Island ... Germany (-48/70)
Reggio, it's Ilirica.
Legio i italics
Friends of the mine
First Parthian legion
Second auxiliary corps
Augusta second legion
Second Gaul legion
LEGIO II young crops
Primitive legion 2
Second Parthian legion
LEGIO II Traiana company
Augusta third legion
Cyrenaica Third Army Corps
Italian Third Legion/Concordia
Third Gaul legion
Third Parthian legion
Lucky flavio's Fourth Army.
Macedonian fourth army
The 4th Xi Xu Yajun delegation.
Youhao IV
Fifth lark corps
Fifth Macedonian Army Corps
Sixth panzer corps
Sixth triumphal army
Seventh Claudia corps
Seventh United Army Corps
Eighth Army of Augusta
LEGIO BacClaudia
Spain/Macedonia/Triumphal Corps
Tenth strait corps
Tenth United Army Corps
Eleventh Claudia Corps/Claudia Pia Fidelis
Twelfth Lightning Corps/Victrix/Anguka/Seta constance/galiana
The first 13 joint corps
Mattia Victrix, Army 14
Fifteenth Apollo Corps
The fifteenth pioneering corps
Sixteenth Gaul legion
Loyal flavio 16th Army Corps.
The 17th Legion-Inward Disaster During its stay in Germany, the Legion was destroyed.
18 th legion -ID.
The 19th Army Corps.
LEGIO XX Valeria/Valeria Victrix
2 nd1th gluttonous legion
The 22nd Deyu talos Corps
The 22nd Pioneering Corps
Ulpiu 30th Army Corps/Pia Fidelis
The above are just some superficial strategic models of the Roman legion, and it is not a simple matter to fully understand its operation and function. Because the real core materials in the Roman period were recorded in the official characters (commonly known as Roman characters) equivalent to those used by Japanese anime characters. At present, the translation used by everyone including most Chinese encyclopedias is 1867. The meanings of the Roman characters used by James Wenping/james curtis hepburn in the first edition of The Integration of Japanese and English Forests (The Integration with English Forests) are indeed one-to-one. However, Japanese animation works use 159 1 "Santosno Gosagveo no uchi Nuqigaqi" published in ancient Portuguese and Roman characters, which is existing.
Portuguese and Dutch Roman characters are not in one-to-one correspondence with pseudonyms, and are only used in a limited range among senior clergy and scholars. The charm of unknown things in Roman times really attracted many people to explore and study, because it may hide the truth of the world that human beings most yearn for.
Finally, back to your original question, the Roman legion is undoubtedly the best infantry in the cold weapon era. This is not a good or bad topic. At present, there are many professional warlocks, archaeologists, cultural associations and organizations in the world, which are responsible for supporting the evidence of the Roman legion in historical battles. One of the more famous organizations devoted to the study of legions (Nova Rome) is also called the New Roman Empire. Its main job is to be responsible for the survival plan of the Eastern Roman Empire after the fire fighting in the Western Roman Empire. Veterans in different fields of the armed forces of many countries are members. This association also holds international novels and papers competitions regularly, and the judging team is very professional. The victory or defeat of the battle recorded in the previous literature may be overturned in minutes, and the information may be revised. Therefore, the information on Wikipedia's foreign websites is often greatly modified. If you are interested in the trend of the Roman legion, you may wish to pay attention to it.
-I hope I can help you!