Catalogue and competition system
F 1 super driver's license
F 1 competition schedule
F 1 competition time division
F 1 tournament
F 1 motorcade
F 1 driver
Physical characteristics of F 1 driver
Introduction of F 1 semaphore
F 1 driver and team champion of the year
F 1 Racing is the most expensive, fastest and high-tech sport in the world. Including aerodynamics, plus the most advanced technologies in the world such as radio communication and electrical engineering. Many new technologies were put into practice for the first time in F 1. F is the abbreviation of FORMULA, namely equation; 1 There are many explanations, which can be understood as top drivers, top events, bonuses and so on. The English full name of this competition is FIA Formula One Grand Prix Championship, and the Chinese full name is World Formula One Championship. F 1 and the world cup football match. The Olympic Games is called "the three major sports in the world" because of its extensive influence and high popularity.
Competition system
F 1 Competition has been held for 45 years (1950- 1995), and * * has held 580 games. Among them, Europe held the most, * * * held 407 times, mostly in Monza, Italy, * * held 45 times, followed by Monaco, Zan Dehydration and Zan.
In the past, the streets and roads of the city were often used as the track, and the rules of the game were not perfect, which greatly restricted the players. With the appearance of professional track, the rules of the game are constantly improved, which makes drivers play better. Among them, it can be divided into two categories;
First, considering the safety and fairness of the competition, the FIA has formulated three principled rules.
In order to provide a relatively fair competition environment for the contestants, so that they can give full play to their respective potentials, the organizing committee has made clear regulations on all dimensions of the racing car, including the weight, dimensions, fuel type, cylinder and tire dimensions, and the installation of aerodynamic devices. Because this device exerts downward pressure on the tire, the speed can be increased.
In order to prevent accidents, the organizing Committee provided the most perfect safety measures. It stipulates the basic structure of vehicles, military tires, safety rubber fuel tanks, fuel flame retardants, safety helmets and other devices. It also specifies the dimensions for drivers to enter the cockpit and cabin. At the same time, it also stipulates the position of fuel depot and fuel in the maintenance station, and requires the protection measures of Zhumen.
The Organizing Committee stipulates that only 16 races will be held every year, and it is forbidden to increase the number of races to prevent heavy economic burden on teams and individuals. The cylinders of racing engine shall be oval, and the number shall not exceed 12. At the same time, there should be four-stroke interchange and natural inhalation. Two of the four tires in this car can be driven.
Because of the particularity of F 1 competition, there are very strict requirements on the length, width, road surface condition and safety measures of special track, in order to avoid danger. So the track is generally circular, 3? 7 kilometers, the total length of the track is 305? 320 kilometers, he generally can't have too long straight, and there should be wide grass or sand beside the track to reduce the threat to the audience.
For a qualified dedicated track, the following equipment is essential:
1, the track must have many corners to control the speed. The current track is 3 to 7 kilometers per lap, 7 to 1 1 meter wide.
2. The starting and ending straights should be able to place two cars side by side without being crowded, so it is generally required that12m is wide and 250m long.
3. For the safety of spectators, the stands must be separated from the track by railings and barbed wire with a height of1.2m..
4. The track must be equipped with cameras and TV towers to facilitate TV broadcast.
In order to let the audience in the stands see the whole process of the game clearly, a large-screen TV set must be installed opposite the stands.
6. The safety officer should set up an observation station in a relatively dangerous area, so that the safety officer can keep the track unobstructed at any time, handle emergencies in time, and send a potential dangerous safety signal to the driver.
There is a helicopter to give first aid to the injured driver.
8. In the protective place next to the maintenance station, there should be a medical station with an operating room and an emergency room.
9. Each team should be equipped with a permanent facility maintenance point.
10, the sponsor reception stand is located in the high stand behind the pit and must be able to overlook the pit.
1 1, there should be parking lots for transport vehicles and campers.
12. In order to facilitate the commander to contact the safety personnel through the radio device and ensure the smooth progress of the race, the race control tower must be set at the place where the entrance of the pit can be seen, that is, the second floor of the whole control tower.
F 1 super driver's license
Just like ordinary road driving, F 1 also needs a driver's license. That's a "super driver's license" issued by FIA-FIA Super License. This driver's license is only issued to drivers who have performed well in F3000, F3 or CART series. It usually takes eight years for a driver to progress from karting to F 1, but in fact only a few people have the ability and opportunity to climb to the top of the racing pyramid.
F 1 competition schedule
2008 F 1 timetable:
March 16: Australia Station (Melbourne)
March 23rd: Malaysia (Sepang)
April 6: Bahrain (Sakil)
April 27th: Spain (Barcelona)
May 1 1: Turkey (Istanbul)
May 25: Monaco
June 8: Canada (Montreal)
June 22nd: France (Manicur)
July 6th: Britain (Silverstone)
July 20th: Germany (Hockenheim)
August 3: Hungary (Budapest)
August 24th: Europe (Valencia, Spain)
September 7th: Belgium (Spa-Fran? ois)
September 14: Italy (Monza)
September 28th: Singapore [confirmed as an evening performance].
65438+1October 12: Japan (Mount Fuji)
65438+ 10/9: China (Shanghai)
1 1.2: Brazil (Sao Paulo)
Every year, F 1 competition should choose different venues with different geographical conditions. Some of them are now on the plateau, and the thin air tests the physical quality of drivers; Some are racetracks composed of streets, with narrow and tortuous roads, and drivers will crash if they operate improperly; Some tracks seem to have wide roads, but they also have the skills to test drivers' uphill and downhill; Other tracks are built in dense forests, and the runway fluctuates greatly, making it difficult for drivers to control the car. Due to frequent racing accidents, the FIA requires that all tracks in the host country must have enough grass buffer zones. The ambulance personnel of each stadium must also be distributed in every corner of the stadium, and strive to run into the scene for rescue at the moment of the accident.
F 1 matched time branch
2007 /2000
Friday:
The first practice match: 90 minutes /60 minutes.
The second practice match: 90 minutes /60 minutes
Saturday:
The third practice match: 60 minutes /45 minutes.
The fourth practice match: 60 minutes (terminated in 2005) /45 minutes (limited to 10 test circle).
Qualified:
The qualification method for 2008 is under discussion.
Mode of 2006 -2007: Three qualifying sessions will be held, each session will last for 15 minutes, and six cars will be eliminated in each round, that is, 22 stops 16, 10.
Mode in 2005: the two-lap cumulative time system was implemented, which was later abolished in France and the one-lap ranking system was implemented.
Mode in 2003-2004: Two-lap qualifying system was implemented. The first qualifying match in 2003 was held at 2 pm on Friday, and the two rounds in 2004 were held on Saturday. The FIA stipulates that the first qualifying session will be held in the reverse order of the last race, and the second qualifying session will be held in the reverse order of the first qualifying session.
199 1-2002 mode: 1 hour qualifying system is implemented, but the number of laps of the efficiency circle is limited to 12, but the number of laps of the continuous efficiency circle cannot exceed 4 laps.
1990 mode: 1 hour qualifying system, unlimited laps.
Sunday:
Pre-competition practice: 20 minutes /30 minutes (this stage may be cancelled or restricted in 2008).
Competition: The FIA stipulates that the distance of each competition is not less than 305km, not more than 320km (except Monaco's 260km), not less than 1 hour, 10 minute and not more than 2 hours.
F 1 tournament
F 1 year championship is divided into two categories, driver championship and team championship. In the eyes of many F 1 experts, the value of the team championship is greater than the driver championship. The scoring method is the integral system, and the points of drivers and teams are cumulative. Team points are accumulated by the points of two drivers. If the race is forced to stop before 75% of the race, the points must be multiplied by 1/2, and the world champion of the driver and the team can be determined by accumulating points at each sub-station. If the final score is the same, compare the number of champions, runners-up and runners-up in each substation ... until one side is more than the other. If it is still the same, it is necessary to compare the fastest lap time and pole position in the race, and the final way will be decided by drawing lots.
2008 F 1 integral system (first revised draft)
First place: 15 points
Second place: 12 points
Third place: 10 points
Fourth place: 8 points
Fifth place: 6 points
Sixth place: 5 points
Seventh place: 4 points
Eighth place: 3 points
Ninth place: 2 points
Tenth place: 1 min
The fastest lap speed (1) is currently under discussion.
F 1 motorcade
1, McLaren-Benz
2. Ferrari (Ferrari)
3. BMW Sauber Team (BMW)
4. Renault
5. Williams Toyota Company
6. Red Bull Renault
7. Toyota (Toyota)
8. Super Aguri-Honda
9. Honda Team (Honda)
10, STR- Ferrari
1 1, Spyker Ferrari
12, prodrive-Mercedes (decided to join in 2009 due to the shortage of funds in 2008).
F 1 driver
Most drivers of F 1 come from go-karting events at all levels, and stand out from a series of events such as F3000 and GP2, and enter F 1. But now there are also some manufacturers' fleets willing to select and train talents by themselves (because of money). The FIA stipulates that only 65,438+000 people in the world have super driver's licenses.
Physical characteristics of F 1 driver
The driver of F 1 is one of the strongest athletes, because the driving style of F 1 racing car and the strong centrifugal force that drivers have to bear are very different from driving ordinary vehicles. Not only the physical condition is better than ordinary people, but also a calm and analytical mind!
Observing the drivers of F 1, we can find that their necks are thick and look almost as wide as their heads, because when driving F 1 racing cars, their helmets are exposed outside the cockpit. In addition to the lateral centrifugal force of 4 g when cornering, the forward deceleration force is greater than 5 g when braking. Under such a high centrifugal force, the weight of the head and helmet will become five times, about 25 kilograms.
Secondly, their arms and wrists are extremely muscular. It used to take about 30 kilograms to operate the steering wheel of F 1. Even if today's F 1 can use the power steering wheel to reduce the driver's burden, it is quite laborious to turn the steering wheel under the action of air pressure when driving at high speed. When turning, strong arms are needed to keep the car on the driver's desired route. Strong arms and wrists are necessary in the 300-kilometer race.
In addition, when cornering, the strong lateral centrifugal force will make the blood in the body flow to one side, but at this time, the driver still needs to think calmly when facing the next corner. The heartbeat is as high as 190 beats per minute at the start and 160 beats during the race. Therefore, the cardiopulmonary function of racing drivers is definitely different from that of ordinary people.
The heat resistance of the car body is also very important for F 1 drivers. During the cool European competition, the temperature in the cockpit can be as high as 50~60 degrees Celsius. Although water is constantly replenished, after nearly two hours of competition, the total amount of body fat and dehydration consumed will exceed 4 kg. If the average person is dehydrated like that, it will cause shock, but the driver of F 1 can still talk and laugh after getting off the bus.
Introduction of F 1 semaphore
Yellow flag
The yellow flag represents obstacles in the driveway ahead, such as a crashed car. Remind drivers to drive carefully. If the obstacle car is parked on one side of the track, or the obstacle is not on the track, the yellow flag will remain motionless. If obstacles are on the track, the yellow flag will swing back and forth to remind drivers to be ready to change direction. If the track is completely blocked, two yellow flags will be waved. Overtaking is not allowed when the yellow flag appears. If a driver does not read the information of the yellow flag carefully and still drives to the accident area of the track at the speed of the race, then the driver will be severely punished or even disqualified.
Red and yellow vertical striped flag
The red and yellow vertical stripe flag indicates that the road ahead is oily or slippery. Drivers should drive carefully until the signal flag is retracted. If the competition officials wave the flag, it means that there is a so-called wet area not far ahead.
white flag
When the white flag appears, it means that there are slow-moving vehicles ahead. This may be an ambulance, a trailer, or a safety vehicle for the Olympic Games. When seeing the white flag, the driver should drive carefully and even slow down appropriately.
red flag
The red flag indicates that the game or test run is terminated or suspended in advance for some reason. The red flag will appear in all positions of the whole track at the same time. At this point, the driver should go back to the pit and wait there to know if and when to resume the race. In the official competition, if the red flag is displayed after the competition exceeds 75%, the competition is over, and the final result of the competition is based on the results of the first two laps of waving the red flag.
Blue flag
The blue sign indicates that a vehicle with a prepared ring behind it is approaching and ready to overtake. Drivers who are shown the blue flag should slow down and give way to the race line if necessary. If the driver is shown the blue flag three times and fails to make way for the express train in time, the driver may be punished.
Green flag
The green flag indicates that the obstacles in the race, qualifying or track have been cleared and the race is back to normal.
pirate flag
If the starting line shows the driver's number and a black flag appears next to it, it means that the driver needs to report to the pit after running this lap. When a driver needs to be investigated for misconduct in the competition, or when the driver fouls in the competition, it is necessary to show the black flag to the driver. When the flag appears, in general, drivers may be disqualified or punished in time.
A flag with red circles on a black background.
If the driver's number is displayed on the starting line and a red flag appears next to it, it means that the driver needs to contact the maintenance station immediately. When competition officials suspect that drivers' cars need to be overhauled, they will display a flag with a black background and a red circle.
Black and white check flag
When the black and white flag appears, it means that the game or practice match is over. At this time, all drivers should return to the maintenance lane or concentrate in the departure area. From here on, drivers need to drive their cars to the pre-race check-in place, where they need to be tested to ensure that they meet the rules and regulations of the competition. For the champion of each competition, a black and white checkered flag will be waved for him; For drivers after the champion, the black and white check flag will remain stationary.
One thing to note: the driver's annual championship is not necessarily the team's annual championship
Driver champion of the year (English) national team champion
Ferrari in Kimi Matias Raikkonen, Finland in 2007
2006 fernando alonso Reno, Spain
2005 fernando alonso Reno, Spain
2004 michael schumacher Ferrari, German.
2003 michael schumacher Ferrari, German.
2002 michael schumacher Ferrari, German.
200 1 michael schumacher Ferrari, Germany
2000 michael schumacher Ferrari, German.
1999 hakkinen Ferrari of Finland won the championship with 3 points.
McLaren, hakkinen, Finland 1998
1997 Canadian jacques villeneuv Williams
1996 British D- hill Williams
1995 michael schumacher Benetton, Germany
1994 michael schumacher Benetton
1993 French alain prost Williams
65438 Williams Street, nigel mansell, UK.
199 1 ayrton senna Brazil mclaren
1990 ayrton senna Brazil mclaren
1989 mclaren, alain prost, France
1988 ayrton senna Brazil mclaren
1987 Williams in Nelson Piquet, Brazil
1986 mclaren, alain prost, France
1985 mclaren, alain prost, France
1984 Niki Lauda mclaren
Braham, Nelson Piquet, Brazil 1983
1982 Kekrosberg Ferrari Finland
Nelson Piquet, Brazil 198 1
Jones (alan jones) Australian Williams
1979 Jody Scheckter Ferrari.
1978 Mario Andretti American Lotus
1977 Ferrari in Niki Lauda
1976 mclaren, England, james hunter
1975 Ferrari in Niki Lauda
1974 Emerson Parti Brazil McLaren
Trier 1973, Jackie Stewart, UK
1972 Emerson Parti Brazil Lotus
Trier, Jackie Stewart, UK 197 1
1970 Jochen Rindt Austrian Lotus
Jackie Stewart 1969, Matra, UK
1968 G- Graham Hill British Lotus
New Zealand denny hulme Braham 1967
1966 Graham (Jack Brabham), Australia
1965 jim clark British Lotus
1964 Ferrari in Su Causeway, England.
1963 jim clark British Lotus
1962 G- Graham Hill BRM UK
196 1 P- hill (Phil hill) Ferrari USA
1960 Australian Graham (Jack Brabham) Kuqiang
1959 Australian Graham (Jack Brabham) Kuqiang
1958 Mike Hawthorne Ferrari England
1957 Juan Manuel Fangio Argentina Maserati
1956 Juan Manuel Fangio Lancia
1955 Juan Manuel Fangio, Mercedes, Argentina
1954 Juan Manuel Fangio Argentina Mercedes/Maserati
1953 Ferrari in askari.
1952 Ferrari in askari.
Juan Manuel Fangio Argentina Alfa Romeo
1950 Alfa Romeo, farina.
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