How is Danxia landform formed?

The reason for the formation of Danxia landform is that the development of Danxia landform began with the Himalayan movement in the Late Tertiary. This movement makes some red strata tilt and relax folds, raises the red basin and forms the outflow area. The flowing water is concentrated in the low-lying place in the middle of the basin and erodes along the vertical joints of the rock strata, forming a deep ditch with two vertical walls, which is called a lane valley. When the flowing water can't be completely removed, the colluvium at the foot of the alley and valley cliff forms a gently sloping colluvium cone.

With further erosion, the remaining peaks, stone walls and columns will also disappear, forming gently sloping hills. The red gravel layer contains a lot of limestone gravel and calcium carbonate cement. After calcium carbonate is dissolved by water, it often forms some gullies, stone buds and caves, or forms a thin layer of calcified deposits, and even develops stalactites. Funnels also develop along joints.

In sandstone, the magnificent terrain formed by cross bedding is called brocade. The rock stratum deep in the river can form a square mountain with a flat top and steep walls, and can also be cut into various strange peaks: vertical, fortress, pagoda, etc. In areas with large dip angle, monoclinic ridges are formed by erosion. Multiple monoclinic ridges are adjacent, which is called monoclinic peak group.

Extended data:

Danxia landform distribution area:

Danxia landform is mainly distributed in China, the western United States (and the Grand Canyon in the United States is a typical Danxia landform), Central Europe and Australia, among which China is the most widely distributed.

Up to June 365438+1October 3 1 day, 2008, 790 Danxia landforms have been discovered in China, distributed in 26 provinces and regions. Danxia Mountain in the northeast of Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province is characterized by red Danxia and consists of red sandy continental sedimentary rocks. It is the world's "Danxia landform" named place, and the research on stratum, structure, landform, development and environmental evolution is the most detailed and in-depth in the Danxia landform area of the world.

With a total area of 3 19 square kilometers, Danxia Mountain World Geopark was approved by UNESCO as one of the first world geoparks in China in 2004.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Danxia Landform