"The land depends on the scenery, and the scenery depends on people." The scenery of mountains and rivers, "the scenery is made by people, and the scenery is affectionate." Youxian county is located on the border of Hunan and Jiangxi, with rich and colorful natural landscape. The ancients used the combination of human landscape and natural landscape to have the elegance of "Ten Scenes on the Right River" and "Eight Scenes on the South Cloud". Today, people have classified natural landscapes and historical buildings, showing the beauty of today's "Ten Scenes of Youjiang River".
Four towers and one water bottle.
There are four magnificent ancient pagodas along the Weihe River in the county seat: the Upper Pagoda of Civilization, the Middle Pagoda, the Lower Pagoda and the Lingyun Pagoda.
Civilization Tower is located on the top of Yaowan on the south bank of Weihe River in the county seat, which is 1 km away from the county seat. In the fourth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1576), the magistrate allowed it to be built. In the 23rd year of Jiaqing (18 18), it was rebuilt. The tower has seven floors on all sides, with a height of 2 1 m, a red stone foundation and a blue brick, with a side length of 2.95 meters and an area of 42 square meters. There is a gate on the south side of the first floor, 1.5m high and 0.8m wide. The stone gate in Qiyang is engraved with the word "tower of civilization", which is neat and powerful. The brick vault in the tower has steps to the right, reaching the fourth floor. Above the fourth floor, it is empty, with four-way windows and doors, and the top of the gourd tower leads straight into the blue sky.
Civilization Tower is located at the top of Shuikou in Zaojiao City, on the south bank of Weishui in the western suburb of the county seat, about 5 kilometers away from the county seat. In the same year as Shangta, it was built by Xu Zhi County. Seven years after the reign of emperor Qianlong (1742), it collapsed. In the second year, Feng Yundong, the magistrate of a county, asked the gentry to rebuild. The whole tower is made of bluestone, with six sides and seven floors, 9.7 meters high and 3.2 meters long at the bottom, covering an area of 35.8 square meters. There is a door on the east side of the second floor, with a height of 1.94m and a width of 0.64m There is a square column in the center of the tower, which is layered to the top. Each floor extends to the side wall of the tower in three directions with three strips, which enhances the firmness of the tower. There are no steps in the tower, but there are holes in the central pillar, which can be climbed up.
Civilization Tower is located on Weishui sandbar in Tongba Village, Yatangpu Township, 7 kilometers west of the county seat. The date of construction of the tower is not exactly recorded, which is a little later than the previous tower and the middle tower, about 200 years ago. From the bottom of the tower to the top of the tower, the tower is made of red stone, divided into eight directions, with seven floors, 22.35 meters high and 3.45 meters wide, covering an area of about 64 square meters. The whole tower is pier-shaped, with a sharp front and a wide back to resist the impact of water flow. It is said that the depth of the tower foundation is equal to the height of the tower. There is a door on the first floor, 1.7m high and 0.8m wide. There are stairs in the vault and turn right to the fourth floor. The fifth to seventh floors are hollow and each floor has windows. The original shrines and statues on the first floor are now gone. In the niche on the second floor stands a relief statue of Qiyang stone, wearing a pointed hat and holding a chain. There is the word "Tathagata" on the lintel, and the couplets on both sides read: "Recite Mahayana Sutra and board the other shore; Now it's like a floating picture. " The original bluestone inscriptions on both sides have disappeared. On the third floor, there is a Guanyin sitting on a lotus flower embossed with bluestone, and on the fourth floor, there is a sea sculpture. The tower stands upright in the middle of the river. Although it is often hit by floods and experienced wind and rain, it still stands.
Lingyun Tower is located on Ma 'anshan, which is 0/0 km west of the county seat. It was built by Mr. Zhao Xie, a magistrate of a county, in the 21st year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (18 16), and it is the latest of the four pagodas. However, the tower has seven floors on all sides, with a height of 16 m and a side length of 4.6 m, covering an area of 102 m2, which is the highest among the four towers. The tower foundation and the first floor are made of red stone, and the second floor and above are made of blue bricks. Turn right on the stairs and go straight to the fourth floor. Each floor is carved with stone carvings of dragons, lions and figures. On the lintel of the first floor, the word "Lingyun" is engraved, and two dragon play beads are embossed, with fine craftsmanship; More than five floors are hollow, with doors and windows in all directions, and the top of the minaret is still intact. The tower is located at the junction of Hengdong County, Youxian County, with magnificent terrain. Looking eastward from this, it is connected with the lower tower, the middle tower and the upper tower of civilization and becomes a landscape.
Erguiling peak temple
"Viewing the Tao from the Turtle Peak" is the first of the "Eight Scenes of Southern Clouds". Turtle Peak, or Turtle Peak, has a temple on it, formerly known as Tu Nan, and later changed to Turtle Peak Temple.
Guilingfeng Temple was built in the late Ming Dynasty, covering an area of 563 square meters. It faces northwest from southeast, and there is a mountain gate in front of it. The "Weizhen Lingfeng" on the lintel was written by Zhang Jian, a magistrate of Youxian County during the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. Guanyin Pavilion is in the middle, and the main hall is on the right. The main hall is a hard mountain with a volcanic wall and three rooms wide.
The lone peak of Turtle Age stands tall, and the water flows from south to the foot of the peak. There is a stone cow head in the west and a white cat house in the south. The Gui Ling Temple stands tall and overlooks the river. Describing the scenery of Guiling Peak in Qing Dynasty, Liu Yu said: "The Gufeng is a mountain, and it will rain before it can reach it. The door twists and turns, and the sail hides the fog. Chaos swallows strange rocks, and bamboo scenery turns upside down. Talking to the monks in the mountains, the cool wind blows on the guest's chest. " Someone once wrote, "At the peak of turtle age, there is wind on the peak, and the wind blows the maple peak without moving;" Baimaozhou, Zhou Zi boating, water pushes the boat to the continent instead of going ",which summarizes the beauty of Guiling Peak.
Baimaozhou is on the east side of the county seat, facing Guiling Peak across the river. Residents take bamboo as the boundary and plant melons, vegetables, ginger and taro all year round. This is a famous vegetable growing place.
The concept of "Three Yang Ascending Immortals"
Ascension Island is located around Sikong Peak. Zhang Bayu, an official of the Southern Dynasties, once became a monk in Sikong. According to legend, Zhang Bayu ascended to heaven on August 15th in the second year of construction (503), and the temple was built in the seventh year of Tang Tianbao (748). Zhang's immortal deeds left a deep impression on him, and he was chosen by the court to build it and named it Zhuyangguan. In the third year of Northern Song Dynasty, Cheng Yuanzuo, assistant envoy of Hui Sect, repaired and expanded Jinghu South Road. In order to match the story that Zhang ascended to heaven during the day, Zhu Yang's statement was changed to "Yang Sheng's statement".
There is Nanshui in front of Yangshengguan, followed by Sanqing Peak. Huaping Peak is in front, Lion Peak and Phoenix Peak are attached to the left and right. Before the case, the incense burner (peak) was covered with purple, and under the case, the lotus (peak) was large and small, the peak was protected, the water was circulated, it was clear but not exposed, and it was high but not loud. Panorama includes the East-West Sichuan Gate, Stage, Plain, Pavilion, Mountain Gate, Front Hall, Main Hall, Back Hall, Jade Hall, Jolie Palace, Ursa Major Hall and Maid-in-waiting Hall. Enter the front hall from the mountain gate and climb from the front hall to the main hall. The steps are 3 1, 1/2, 7 and 3 respectively, representing Youxian County.
The lintel of Dongxichuan is decorated with clay sculpture embossed unicorn, the middle lintel of the mountain gate is marked with the word "Guan", and the left and right lintels are "Cloud Car" and "Wind Horse".
Since the Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the concept of Yang Sheng has been very popular. In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1368), the tenth year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (1805), the twenty-fifth year of Daoguang (1843) and the nineteenth year of Guangxu (1893), the concept of Yang Sheng was restored on a large scale. Shanmen couplet: "The famous mountains have been immortal since the Tang and Song Dynasties; After the reconstruction of Guangqing, this blessed land will stay here forever. " Summarized this history.
Yangshengguan Hydropower Station is built under the old furnace peak, one kilometer east of Yangshengguan, and the pipeline is 420 meters long. 1070 stone steps go straight to the summit, just like a long dragon. Two scenic spots, "Black Jade" and "Monkey Face Stone", are reserved on the top of the mountain.
John John Bowring Temple
Baoning Temple is located under the main peak of Shengshou Mountain in Wujing Village, Huangfengqiao Town, 50 kilometers northeast of the county seat. It has beautiful scenery and is a Buddhist resort.
Shengshoushan, formerly known as Wulong Mountain Scenic Resort, also known as Wujin Mountain, is named after its rich coal. Wulong Mountain Scenic Resort's side peaks fly down, and there is a trend of "five tigers going down the mountain". There is also Xiangxing Mountain, which forms a corner on the left, and Matouling on the right. There are many rocks on the summit, some sitting, some climbing, some running and some jumping. Among them, the empty station is neither humble nor supercilious, which is particularly strange; A thousand Buddha rocks are like a hundred monks listening to the dharma, full of mystery. The vulture stone stands upright on the dangerous cliff, and its head growls out. It seems to be a close call, but it is rock solid. Manjusri rock is like Gu Teng, and waterstones are like waterfalls. One school of "fine grass fans mountain trails, singing springs and singing birds." Clouds travel thousands of valleys, and smoke clusters are flat.
In the tenth year of Tang Tianbao (7,565,438+0), people in Youxian county grew beards, so they chose this beautiful, secluded, dangerous and strange land of geomantic omen, settled down and founded Baoning Temple. In the fourth year of Tang Tianyou (907), Ma Yin established the State of Chu, which was given the name "Shengshou" because of the longevity of Zen master Sun Baoning, and the name "Shengshou Mountain" for Baoning Temple. In the early Qing Dynasty, Hu Zuochuan wrote a poem: "Shoushan aura vultures throw bells and morning glory is full of smoke. The stream breaks around the dike, returns to the valley, hangs high on the cliff and flies to the summit. Sanchu is in Lingxiaohan Town, overlooking five cases of Xiaoxiang embryo. To ask how Ma Wang Feng won in the Spring and Autumn Period. " In the early Republic of China, Zen master wrote a couplet: "chinese odyssey; The second method is the first mountain. " Known as Shengshou Mountain. In addition to Baoning Temple, there are Chuxing Temple, Julongxian, Tianpengyan, Zhuoxiquan, Zhangchan and Ordinary Pagoda.
From the Tang and Five Dynasties to the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Baoning Temple has been full of incense, becoming the exchange center between Hunan famous temples and Buddhism Nanyue and Jiangxi. Kuang, Master, and Zen Master Yong are all eminent monks, and their quotations and deeds are recorded in Buddhist classics, such as "Five Lights Meeting Yuan", "Jingde Ji" and "Fingering the Moon".
According to the Records of Baoning Temple, there are 24 temples, halls, pavilions and platforms in Baoning Temple, which is known as the "ten-square jungle". The whole hospital is divided into three entrances: Qiandian, Yuwei Hall and Bell and Drum Tower, including Daxiong Hall, Liao's Zhaitang on the left and the abbot's "bed for thousands of people" on the right, followed by Guanyin Pavilion, Zushi Hall and Gongde Hall. * * * House 100, covering an area of 14 mu.
The existing temple of Baoning Temple was restored and expanded in the second year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty.
There is a river in front of the temple at 100 meters. A release pond, near the right side of the temple; Behind the temple, the green hills are hidden, and the peaks on five sides jump down, commonly known as "five tigers going down the mountain"; There are Zhongshan, Gushi, Lotus Peak and Zhang Xifeng in front of the temple. On the left of the temple is Xiangshan and on the right is Maling. Behind the temple, there are scenic spots such as "Watching the Sun with an Empty King", "Listening to the Dharma by a Thousand Monks", "Lei Yin is a sculpture", "Snow in the water", "Spirit of Yin Stone", "Manjusri incarnation" and "Infinite Life".
Baoning Temple also has the famous "Three Musts" and "Three Musts" of Buddhism in China. Three wonders: one is the ordinary pagoda, the other is the ancestral pagoda, and the third is the chronicle of Baoning Temple and Wang Fuzhi's Chronicle of Baoning Temple. Three wonders: one is the Millennium submerged camphor tree, the other is the green Guanyin taro, and the third is the Millennium ancient well that is often drained.
Baoning Temple has a certain reputation and status in the history of Buddhism in China. Mo Bao, the director of China Buddhist Culture Institute and a Buddhist master in Wu Limin, wrote an inscription for Baoning Temple, "The long beard tomb of Baoning Temple is enough to be a national treasure". Among the famous temples in China, there are Shaolin Temple in the north and Baoning Temple in the south, and Wang Fuzhi's preface to Baoning Temple Record is more valuable. Therefore, the saying that "there is Shaolin in the north and John John Bowring in the south" is widely circulated in the Buddhist circles in China.
In 2006, Baoning Temple was listed as a provincial cultural relics protection unit.
Wupijia water tunnel
Pijia Cave is also known as Shui Pi Cave and Shuitou Cave. Located in Pijia Village, Luanshan Town. There are more than 30 Li Long caves, with mud caves in the upper part, stone caves in the middle and water caves in the lower part. There are condensed stalactites, Guanyin Bodhisattva, Lohan and stalagmites, stone drums, stone tables, stone benches and other shapes in the cave. It is said that this cave can communicate with the Jade Cave in Baishi Town or with the Cave. There are poems written by literati in the past dynasties in the cave Wen Tong, a hermit in the Song Dynasty, was named after having lived near the cave. The spring water in the next cave rushes out, clear and quiet, and it does not dry up in the four seasons. It flows into the mountains and rivers, and there is a stone carving of "the source of Chu water" on the exit rock wall.
Now, through investment and development, artificial lakes and farmhouse villas have been built near the entrance of the cave, and swimming lanes have been built in the cave, which has dredged the waterways and equipped with lights. The sightseeing tour is very spectacular.
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