In order to put an end to the phenomenon of finding relationships and asking for help, Honghu Road Primary School in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province has made a new measure of "throwing golden eggs" to allocate first-grade class teachers and classroom teachers.
With the beginning of school, various localities have taken relevant measures to standardize the placement of new students in compulsory education.
According to media reports, not long ago, a middle school in Guangdong held a lottery for all classes in Grade One and five parallel classes in Grade One. Why do freshmen draw lots to divide classes? The reporter of "Legal Daily" learned in the interview that the complexity of resettlement in compulsory education is beyond people's imagination.
The exam is divided into classes into students * * * with memories.
For many people who have experienced it, it is common to divide classes.
Wang Jing, now studying at Communication University of China, is a graduate of a key middle school in Beijing.
"We have placement exams when we enter school, and we are divided into experimental classes and ordinary classes according to the students' test scores. I was lucky to be assigned to the experimental class. "Wang Jing told reporters that there were 400 students in one grade at that time, 10 classes, and the number of students in each class was the same.
"I remember I was divided into three experimental classes, and there are now. In fact, these three classes are also divided into three classes, 1 class will be slightly better because the teacher is good. " Wang Jing said that the three experimental classes also had students who came in through the back door, but the number was small.
"When I was sprinting in the third grade, I would make up lessons every Saturday. At that time, how many top and bottom students in the whole grade came to class, one for the top students and the other for not dragging their feet. I think it's good to divide the experimental class into ordinary classes. The learning atmosphere of the experimental class is very strong, so it is not good to fall behind. Ordinary classes are not without good grades, but few, and the learning environment is not very good. A student with the best grades may fall slowly. " Wang Jing said.
Li Yong of Beihang University once studied in a middle school affiliated to a famous university in Beijing. He was a student in a regular class in junior high school.
"At that time, we had six classes in one grade, with more than 30 students in each class, all of whom were admitted, and then we were divided into classes according to the results. Class one is the best, class two is a little, and then there are four regular classes. In fact, I feel that the teachers in the two good classes are not very strong, and the weak class is stronger; Good classes are all young teachers, and students themselves are very conscious and obedient, so they don't need to be in charge. It is difficult for students in weak classes to bring some, and they will choose more experienced teachers. " Li Yong said.
Li Yong told reporters that when he was in junior high school, the school did not organize additional make-up classes or other teaching services. Many students went to off-campus training institutions and remedial classes to make up lessons. "I don't think there is much difference between dividing classes into good classes and weak classes, at least for me."
Before the start of school, the class teacher's phone calls were overwhelming.
Today, resettlement still exists.
Ms. Fu, who lives in Mingguang Village, Haidian District, Beijing, is a junior this year. She told reporters that her children have taken the exam organized by the school and are now waiting for placement.
"To tell you the truth, I also found some relatives and friends to see if I can assign my children to a better teacher class. Teachers have different abilities, ranging from experienced' old backbones' to newly graduated' newborn calves', and the ability of class teachers in each class is also different. Many of our parents have formed a WeChat group to discuss which teacher is better or which teacher is more experienced. " Ms. Fu said, "We have worked hard to raise our children, and we all hope that our children can receive a better education. My husband and I work from nine to five, and our children are at school most of the time, so it is particularly important to choose a good teacher and a responsible head teacher. Everyone doesn't want their children to lose at the starting line, and parents definitely want to give their children the best conditions. "
The problem of class placement exists in other places besides Beijing.
According to media reports, only half a month before the start of school, some high-quality primary and secondary school principals and class teachers in a certain place played the role of "losing contact", the phone couldn't get through, the WeChat message was like a stone, and even the QQ signature directly became "Don't worry about closing the door, losing contact". They are afraid that the school will be divided into classes soon, and they will be overwhelmed by too many human interference.
Mr. Chen from a middle school in Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province has been engaged in the education industry for nearly 25 years, and has been a class teacher for 10 years. He has been rated as the leader of discipline teaching and research and the outstanding head teacher of the school for many times.
Teacher Chen confirmed to reporters that there will be many phone calls at the end of winter and summer vacations every year.
"I don't know how my parents know my mobile phone number, especially after August 25, the phone calls of parents who asked to be assigned to my class can be described as' an endless stream'. I know that this is recognition of my work, but I don't have that great ability. " Teacher Chen told reporters that his school has about 350 students in one grade, divided into 6 to 7 classes, with less than 60 students in one class.
"I remember one year, nearly 40 parents called to say that they wanted to transfer their children to my class, but there were less than 60 students in one class. Indeed, there will be a small number of student exchanges between our class teachers, and it is normal to exchange the children of one or two relatives and friends. This is also an' equivalent' exchange, but batch transfer is definitely not acceptable. Every year, young class teachers are hired to replenish fresh blood. The young head teacher has his own charm and can blend in with the children. Class teachers in their 40 s, like us, are older than parents, and sometimes it is difficult to communicate with children. " Teacher Chen said.
"Fast and slow classes" do not meet the purpose of compulsory education.
People in charge of education also have their own thoughts on the phenomenon of class placement.
Mr. Xu, director of a district education commission in Beijing, has been engaged in education for 20 years and has a good knowledge of the current situation of education.
"As the old saying goes,' teach students in accordance with their aptitude'. You can't teach in the same way for different students. At present, in the compulsory education stage, most schools have so-called "fast and slow classes", "experimental classes", "rocket classes" and "zero classes". This measure can really make children with good academic performance "full", but it does not really take into account children with below-average academic performance. It is always rare, not to mention that compulsory education allows every school-age child to enjoy relatively equal educational resources. " Mr. Xu said.
According to media reports, the relevant documents of the Guangdong Provincial Department of Education stipulate that the behavior of arranging classes should be standardized in the compulsory education stage, and schools should implement balanced allocation of teachers and random and balanced arrangement of students. It is strictly forbidden to arrange key classes in various names.
"The new regulations in Guangdong Province are actually a solid step towards compulsory education," said Mr. Xu.
"Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude handed down from ancient times does not start from the starting point of education, but from the' intermediate node' of education. Only when every child has a certain knowledge reserve ability and a certain cultural level can he begin to talk about' teaching students in accordance with their aptitude'. The fundamental purpose of compulsory education is to enable every school-age child to reach the' intermediate node' of education with almost the same high level, that is, to graduate from junior high school; The subsequent education route is up to you to choose and let the children' think' their own materials. " Mr. Xu said.
(At the request of the interviewer, all the students interviewed in this article are pseudonyms. )
have a conversation
Grading according to grades is not conducive to children's growth.
Reporter: Every school season, many new parents will have "class anxiety". Parents hope that their children can be assigned to "fast classes" and "experimental classes". Judging from the current situation, what is the main basis for the placement of classes in compulsory education?
Chu Zhaohui (researcher, China Academy of Educational Sciences): At present, there are many classes in compulsory education, and students' grades are still the main ones. This kind of placement can make some students with good grades learn faster, get higher test scores and better reflect their teaching achievements. Because compulsory education is related to college entrance examination, in order to improve the enrollment rate of college entrance examination, some places still tend to divide classes according to students' academic performance. The larger background is to divide schools according to students' academic performance.
Reporter: What impact will it have in the compulsory education stage?
Chu: How to divide classes in compulsory education is a very complicated problem. To some extent, it is reasonable to divide classes according to students' grades. It is really inconvenient in some aspects from the teaching point of view if students with great differences in school performance are divided into the same class. The disadvantage of dividing classes according to grades is that it will lead to unequal opportunities among students. Some schools give opportunities to classes with good academic performance and less opportunities to classes with poor academic performance. The same is true of teachers. Taking a class with good academic performance is different from taking a class with poor academic performance.
Relatively speaking, the workload and effort of teachers with poor academic performance are much greater, but the return is less. In the current teaching evaluation system, teachers with poor academic performance work hard and face many risks, but the school has not paid enough attention to them. Therefore, it is unfair for teachers to divide classes according to their academic performance, which may easily lead to contradictions within the school.
Reporter: According to the Notice on Doing a Good Job in Balanced Resettlement of Schools in Compulsory Education in Jiangsu Province recently issued by Nanjing Education Bureau, schools in compulsory education in all districts will be placed in a balanced way according to factors such as student source structure, gender composition, teacher allocation and class size. Ensure that the distribution of students in the class and the composition of the teaching staff are roughly the same. What problems will class imbalance cause?
Chu Zhaohui: It is more important to ensure that all occupations are in a balanced state. If it is not balanced, there will be a lack of competition among students. Students in good classes think they are always good, students in poor classes think they are always poor, students in good classes are blind and arrogant, and students in poor classes lack self-confidence. It is necessary to truly establish the principle of people-oriented and serving students' growth, and form an equal and inclusive atmosphere within the school through class placement, so that teaching can embark on a virtuous circle.
Reporter: It is understood that Article 92 of the "Management Standards for Compulsory Education Schools (Trial)" promulgated by the Ministry of Education on 20 14 stipulates that schools implement balanced classes, regardless of key classes and non-key classes. In addition, are there any other relevant regulations on the class arrangement in compulsory education?
Xiong Bingqi (265438+ Vice President of Twentieth Century Institute of Education): According to the provisions of the Compulsory Education Law, compulsory education schools are not allowed to set up key classes, and each class should arrange students at random. At present, some schools still use senior class teachers and teachers to build so-called key classes, and then divide classes (which is also regarded as school resources), which is not in line with the law. Schools should eliminate the practice of treating different classes differently.
Reasonable placement needs to consider the diversity of students.
Reporter: Can drawing lots to divide classes avoid the above problems?
Chu: In this case, it is a last resort to draw lots to divide classes in Guangzhou. Such a class may draw students with good grades or students with poor grades. We need to change our ideas. It's too simple to divide classes only according to academic performance. In fact, the more diverse and active a class is, the more it can make every student grow up healthily. Reporter: From the past practice of educational development, what should be the ideal state of a class?
Chu: When I was in junior high school, the first grade was divided into three classes, with almost 50 students in each class, and the classes were secretly divided according to grades. I am in Class Three, and my classmates are worse than Class One and Class Two. Only according to the academic performance at that time, Class One was definitely better than Class Two, and Class Two was better than Class Three, but the students in Class Three were diverse, and some naughty students entered Class Three. Now more than forty years have passed. Looking back, the development and overall situation of the students in Class Three are better than those in Class One and Class Two, including the performance after the college entrance examination and taking part in the work.
Reporter: According to recent media reports, school will start soon. In order to prevent the phenomenon of seeking help from relationships, a primary school in Zhejiang Province has made a new move to allocate first-grade class teachers and classroom teachers by throwing golden eggs. How to strike a balance between fairness and educational diversity in class placement?
Chu Zhao Hui: I don't think the ranking is too fair. Fairness is a dimension of class placement, but if it is only based on fairness, it will also cause some problems. The basis of class placement should be the needs of students' growth and development, taking into account students' hobbies and potentials.
Reporter: According to media reports, Xingang Primary School in Huangpu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province is divided into classes according to students' hobbies, and then the teachers draw lots. Specifically, how to divide classes more scientifically and reasonably?
Chu: At present, the main reason for the problems in the process of class placement is that everyone pays too much attention to academic performance. Schools should reasonably divide classes from the perspective of respecting people's growth and development needs. Judging from the current situation, many schools can't do this, but it is a big development direction. In order to ensure the realization of this goal, it is reasonable to collect, classify and sort out all kinds of information of students and draw lots on this basis. The general principle is to keep the class in a balanced state with no obvious gap, which is beneficial to both students and teachers.