Section 1 Equipment and Equipment
1 location
The competition field is a symmetrical rectangle, including the competition field and barrier-free area.
1 and 1
The venue is a rectangle of 18m× 9m. The surrounding barrier-free area is at least 3 meters wide. The barrier-free space above the competition area is at least 7 meters above the ground, and there must be no obstacles in the middle.
The barrier-free area outside the sideline of the FIVB World Competition venue is at least 5 meters wide and at least 8 meters wide outside the end line. The barrier-free space above the competition venue is at least 12 and 5 meters high.
1, 2 The ground of the competition venue
The ground of 1, 2, 1 must be flat, level and even. There must be no hidden dangers on the ground that may hurt the players. Don't play on the slippery or rough ground.
The floor of FIVB World Stadium can only be made of wood or synthetic materials. Any reason must be verified by FIVB in advance.
1, 2,2 The indoor competition venue must be light-colored.
The boundary of FIVB World Tournament is white. The competition area and barrier-free area are different colors respectively.
1, 2,3 The outdoor site can have a slope of 5 mm per meter for drainage. Don't use anything hard as the boundary line.
1 3 Draw lines on site
1, 3, 1 All lines are 5cm wide. Its color should be different from that of the ground and other engineering sites.
1, 3,2 boundary line
Two sideline lines and two end lines delimit the playing field. Both the sideline and the end line are included in the area of the playing field.
1, 3, 3 midline
The midline connects the midpoint of two side lines under the net. The center line of the center line divides the playing field into two equal playing fields 9 meters long and 9 meters wide.
1, 3,4 attack line
Draw an attack line 3 meters away from the center line in each game to mark the frontcourt.
During the FIVB World Cup, five dotted lines with a length of 15cm, a width of 5cm and an interval of 20cm were drawn at both ends of each attack line, with a total length of 1, 75m.
1, zone 4 and interval
1 4, 1 frontcourt
The frontcourt area is between the midline and the offensive line. The frontcourt area is considered to extend beyond the sideline to the edge of the barrier-free area.
1, 4, 2 tee
The tee is 9 meters wide and is behind the finish line. Draw a short line with a length of 15cm and a vertical distance of 20cm from the end line on the extension line of the two side lines behind the end line. The area between two short lines is the service area, and the width of the short lines is included in the service area. The depth of the service area extends to the end of the barrier-free area.
1, 4,3 substitution region
Between the extension lines of the two offensive lines, the range outside the sideline on one side of the recording table is the substitution area.
1, 4,4 Prepare the activity area
In the far corner of the team seat outside the barrier-free area of FIVB World Competition, a preparatory activity area of 3m× 3m is painted.
1, 4,5 restricted area
The penalty area is located behind the extension lines of each terminal line in the control area, and there are two chairs. Its length and width are 1 m, and its line width is 5 cm, which is red.
1, 5 temperature
The minimum temperature shall not be lower than 10℃(50℉). The indoor temperature of FIVB World Competition shall not be higher than 25℃(77℉) at the highest and lower than 16℃(6 1℉) at the lowest.
1, 6 lighting
The indoor illuminance of FIVB World Competition should be 1 000-1500 lux when measured at the height of the competition venue from the ground.
2 nets and columns
2. 1 clear height
2. The nets of 1 and1were erected above the center line, with the height of 2. 43m for men and 2. 24m for women.
2. 1, 2 The height of the net should be calculated from the middle of the field, and the height of both ends of the net (above the sideline) must be equal, and shall not exceed the specified height of the net by 2 cm.
2,2 structure
The net is black, with a width of 1m, a length of 9,50-10m (25-50cm outside the sign belt on each side) and a net diameter of 10cm. There is a double-layer white sail cloth belt sewn along the whole length of the net, with a width of 7 cm. The canvas belt has holes at both ends and is tied to the net post with rope to tighten the upper edge of the net. Use a flexible steel wire to pass through the canvas belt, tighten the upper edge of the net and fix it on the net post.
2, 3 logo belt
Two white belts with a width of 5cm and a length of 1m are the marking belts, which are respectively tied at both ends of the net and perpendicular to the sideline. The sign tape is considered as a part of the net.
2, 4 marker post
The sign pole is two ductile poles, with the length of 1 and 8m and the diameter of 10mm, made of glass fiber or similar materials. Two sign posts are respectively arranged on different sides of the net along the outer edge of the sign belt.
The post is 80 cm above the net. Every 10 cm of the higher part should be painted with obvious contrast color, preferably red and white. The sign pole is considered as a part of the net and passes through the boundary of the net.
2,5 clean column
2, 5, and 1 net posts are erected at 0, 5- 1 m outside the two sideline lines, with heights of 2 and 55 meters respectively, and the height is preferably adjustable. In the FIVB World Competition, the net column should be erected outside the two sideline lines 1 meter.
2, 5, and 2 net columns should be cylindrical, smooth, and without zippers. All dangerous facilities and obstacles must be removed.
2, 6 Additional facilities
All additional equipment must comply with FIVB regulations.
Three balls
3. The 1 ball is round, made of soft leather or synthetic leather, and filled with rubber or similar materials. Synthetic leather and colored balls used in FIVB World Series must be approved by FIVB and meet its standards. Circumstance: 65-67 cm. Weight: 260-280g Air pressure: 0,30-0,325kg/cm2 (294,3-3182mbar).
3,2 unification
The characteristics of a game ball, including circumference, weight, air pressure, brand and color, should be unified and standardized. The balls used in FIVB World Games, national leagues and tournaments must be approved by FIVB.
3, 3 three-ball system
FIVB World Series should adopt the three-ball system. There are six pickers, one in each corner of the barrier-free area and one behind the first and second referees.
Section 2 Competition Participants
4 competition team
4. 1 team composition
4. 1, 1 A team has at most 12 players, 1 coach, an assistant coach, 1 trainer and 1 team doctor. In the FIVB World Competition, doctors must get FIVB's approval in advance.
After 4, 1 2, one player except the free guard is excluded as the captain, and the captain is indicated on the record sheet.
4. 1 3 Only the players registered on the record sheet can enter the competition. After the coach and captain sign the scoreboard, they shall not change the list of players registered on the scoreboard.
Location of Group 4 and Group 2
4, 2, 1 match, the substitute players should sit on the side of the team field or in the preparation area, and the coaches and other players should also sit on the team seats, but they can leave temporarily. Team seats are located on both sides of the recording desk, outside the barrier-free area.
During the 4, 2 and 2 competitions, only players are allowed to sit on the team bench and participate in pre-match preparation activities.
4, 2 and 3 substitutes can do the following warm-up activities without the ball:
4, 2, 3, 1 competition, in the preparation area;
4, 2, 3, 2 A barrier-free area behind the team's field during a timeout or technical timeout.
Between the 4th, 2nd and 4th games, players can warm up in the barrier-free area with the ball.
4, 3 clothes
Team members' clothing includes tops, shorts, socks (which must be consistent) and sports shoes.
4, 3, 1 The colors and styles of shirts, shorts and socks of the whole team must be uniform (except for the free defenders in the back row), and the clothes must be neat.
4, 3, 2 Sports shoes must be soft and light with rubber soles or leather soles. Shoes with black marks on the soles are not allowed in FIVB World Series. Shirts and shorts must be in full compliance with FIVB standards.
4.3.3 Players' jerseys must be numbered, and the serial number is 1- 18.
The number 4, 3, 3, 1 must be in the middle of the front and back, and it is obviously different from the color of the coat.
4, 3, 3, 2, the number before it is at least 15cm high, the number after it is at least 20cm high, and the stroke width of the number is at least 2cm. In FIVB World Competition, the right leg of athletes' shorts must have a number 4-6 cm high, and the number stroke should be at least 1 cm wide.
4, 3, 4 Under the number on the chest of the captain's coat, there should be a bar sign with a length of 8 cm and a width of 2 cm different from the color of the coat.
4, 3 and 5 It is forbidden to wear clothes that do not conform to the number specified in the rules and clothes with different colors from other players on the same team (except the free defenders in the back row).
4, 4 clothing change
The presiding judge may allow one or more athletes to:
4, 4, 1 Barefoot Games Barefoot Games are not allowed in FIVB World Series.
4, 4, 2 Change wet or damaged clothes after personnel changes, but they must be of the same color, style and number.
Wear training clothes when it is cold for 4, 4 and 3 days, but the color and style of the whole team's clothes must be consistent (except for the free defenders in the back row), and the number should meet the requirements of 4, 3 and 3.
4, 5 prohibited items
4, 5, 1 It is forbidden to wear articles that may cause injuries and strength to athletes.
Players 4, 5 and 2 can wear glasses in the game, but at their own risk.
Captain of the fifth team
The captain and coach should be responsible for the behavior and discipline of the players.
Free defenders in the back row can't be captains.
5. Captain 1
5. 1 and 1 Before the game: the captain signs the scoreboard and draws lots on behalf of the team.
5, 1, 2 match: the captain is the captain on the field. When the captain is not on the field, the coach or captain shall designate another player other than the free defender to be the captain on his behalf until the player leaves the field or the captain returns to the field, or until the game is over. When the ball is dead, only the captain can talk to the referee.
5. 1, 2 and 1 Request to explain the rules and the implementation of the rules, and convey the questions or requests raised by the team members. If he is not satisfied with the explanation, he can choose to protest and immediately declare to the first referee, and reserve the right to write a formal protest on the scoreboard at the end of the game.
5. 1, 2,2 Request permission:
1) change all or part of the clothes;
2) Check the positions of players from both sides;
3) Check the floor, net and ball, etc.
5. 1, 2,3 requests suspension or replacement.
5, 1, 3:
5. 1, 3, 1 Thank the referee and sign the score sheet to acknowledge the result;
5, 1, 3,2 If he has made a statement to the first referee, he can record a formal protest against the referee's interpretation or enforcement of the rules on the scoreboard after further confirmation.
Five or two coaches
5, 2, 1 The coach should conduct the command outside the competition area from beginning to end. He should contact the second referee to fill in the position table and ask for a time-out or substitution.
5, 2, 2 before the game: register or check the names and numbers of players on the scoreboard and sign them.
In events 5, 2 and 3:
5, 2, 3, 1 Fill in the position table before the start of each game, sign it and give it to the second referee or recorder;
5, 2, 3, 2 sit on the bench near the end of the recorder, but you can leave temporarily;
5, 2, 3, 3 requests for suspension or substitution;
5, 2, 3 and 4, like other members of the team, can coach players on the court. When giving guidance, you can stand or walk in the barrier-free area between the extension line of the offensive line in front of the team and the preparation area, but you must not interfere with or delay the game.
Five or three assistant coaches
5, 3, 1 The assistant coach sits on the team bench, but he has no power.
5, 3, 2 If the coach has to leave the team, he/she can assume the coaching duties at the request of the team leader and with the consent of the first referee. Section 3 Competition Methods
6 win a point, win a game, win a game
6, 1 Win one point
6, 1, 1 Score One point for the first team.
6. 1, 1, 1 successfully landed on the opponent's court;
6, 1, 1, 2 foul;
6, 1, 1, 3 The other party was fined.
6. 1 2 foul When a player's game behavior violates the rules (or there are other ways of foul), the referee will make a judgment and decision according to the following rules:
6. 1, 2, 1 If two or more players foul at the same time, only the first one will be awarded a foul;
6, 1, 2, 2 If both players foul at the same time, it will be judged as "both players foul" and the ball will be played again.
6. The result of 1, 3 wins1ball
A ball only refers to the process from serving to hitting the ball until it becomes a dead ball.
6. 1, 3, 1 If the server wins, score one point and continue serving;
6, 1, 3, 2 If the receiving team wins, score a point and get the right to serve.
6, 2 wins 1 game
In each game (except the fifth game of the deciding game), the team that scored 25 points first and surpassed the opponent by 2 points won one game. When the score is 24: 24, the game continues until the first team leads by two points (26: 24, 27: 25).
Six, three wins a game.
6, 3, 1 wins three games, and the team wins one game.
6,3,2 In the case of a 2-2 draw, the deciding game (fifth game) 15 points, and the player who leads the opponent by 2 points wins.
6 votes, 4 abstentions, incomplete lineup.
6, 4, 1 If a team refuses to play after being called, it will be declared as a waiver. The other team won the game with scores of 25: 0 and 3: 0.
6,4,2 If a team fails to arrive at the venue on time without justifiable reasons, it will be declared to abstain, which is the same as Rule 6,4, 1.
6, 4, 3 When a team is declared that a game or a game lineup is not full, the team will lose the game or the game, and the scores and games necessary for the other team to win the game or the game will be awarded. Teams with incomplete lineups keep scores and innings.
7 organization of the competition
7, 1 draw lots
Before the start of the game, the first referee will preside over the lottery to decide the team and venue to serve first. Before the tie breaker, lots should be drawn again.
7, 1, 1 The captains of both sides are tied.
7, 1, 2 The winner can choose:
7, 1, 2, 1 serve or receive;
7, 1, 2, 2 or field. The rest is up to the other party to choose.
7, 1, 3 If two teams warm up separately, the team that serves first will use the net first.
7, 2 warm-up activities
7, 2, 1 Before the start of the competition, if there is another venue for the competition team to carry out activities, you can surf the Internet for 6 minutes; if not, the activity time is 10 minutes.
7, 2, 2 If the tour leader requests to use the net alone, he can use it for 3 and 5 minutes respectively according to rules 7, 2, 1.
7, 3 starting lineup.
7, 3, 1 Each team must always keep 6 players in the competition. The rotation order of the players shall be in the order registered in the position table until the end of the game.
7, 3, 2 Before the start of each game, the coach must register the starting lineup on the position table in time and hand it over to the second referee or recorder after signing it.
The 7, 3 and 3 players who are not in the starting lineup are substitutes for the game (except the back free-backs).
7, 3 and 4 Once the position table is handed over to the second referee or recorder, the lineup shall not be changed except for normal substitution.
7, 3 and 5 When the position of the players on the field is inconsistent with the position table:
7, 3, 5, 1 Before the start of a game, if the position of the players on the field is inconsistent with the position table, it must be corrected according to the position table without penalty.
7, 3, 5, 2 Before the start of the game, one or more players on the field are not registered on the position table, and they must be corrected according to the position table without deducting points.
7, 3, 5, 3 If the coach wants to keep unregistered players on the field, he must ask for normal substitution and register them on the scoreboard.
Position 7, 4
When the server hits the ball, the players of both sides (except the server) must stand in rotation order on the court.
7, 4 and 1 The players' positions on the court are:
7, 4, 1, 1 The three players near the net are front row players, and their positions are No.4 (left), No.3 (middle) and No.2 (right).
7, 4, 1, 2 The other three players are in the back row. Their positions are No.5 (left), No.6 (middle), 1 (right).
Position 7, 4, 2 between two players:
7, 4, 2, 1 The position of each player in the back row must be farther from the center line than its corresponding player in the front row;
7, 4, 2, 2 The position between the left and right of the front and rear players shall comply with the provisions of Rules 7, 4 and 1.
7, 4 and 3 The position of athletes should be determined according to the landing position of their feet:
7, 4, 3, 1 Each front-row player has at least one foot, which is closer to the center line than the back-row players in the same column.
7, 4, 3, 2 Each player on the right (left) side has at least one foot closer to the right (left) sideline than the middle player in the same row.
7, 4 and 4 After serving and hitting the ball, the player can be anywhere on the court and in the barrier-free area.
7,5 position error
7, 5, 1 When the server hits the ball, if the player is not in the correct position, it constitutes a position error foul.
7, 5 and 2 When the server fouls the ball and the opponent's position is wrong at the same time, the serve foul is considered as the first time.
7, 5, 3 If it's a foul after the server hits the ball, the position error comes first.
7, 5 and 4 position errors are penalized as follows:
7, 5, 4, 1 The team was awarded a goal;
Players 7, 5, 4 and 2 return to their correct positions.
7, 6 rotation
7, 6, 1 The whole game, the order of rotation, the order of serving and the position of players are all in the order of the position table.
After the 7 th, 6 th and 2 nd teams get the right to serve, the players must rotate one position clockwise; On the 2nd, the player goes to the 1 position, and the 1 position goes to the 6th position, and so on.
7, 7 rotation error
7, 7, 1 Failing to serve in the rotation order is a rotation error and shall be punished as follows:
7, 7, 1, 1 The team conceded the ball;
Fixed 7, 7, 1, 2 player rotation order.
7, 7, 2 The recorder should accurately determine the time when the error occurred, so as to cancel all the scores of the team since the error occurred. The opponent's score is still valid. If the time of the mistake cannot be determined, only one goal will be awarded to the team.
Section 4 Competitive Behavior
8, the state of the game
8. 1 Game started
With the permission of the first referee, the game begins when the server hits the ball.
8, 2 The game is suspended
The referee's whistle is that the game is suspended. If the referee whistles for a foul, the game will be suspended from the moment of the foul.
8, 3 foul ball
The ball touches the ground of the playing field, including the boundary line.
8, 4 foul balls
The following are foul balls:
8, 4, 1 The ball is completely outside the boundary line;
8, 4 and 2 balls touch off-court objects, ceilings or off-court players;
8, 4, 3 The ball touches the mark pole, net rope, net post or the part outside the net mark belt;
8, 4 and 4 all or part of the balls pass through the net from outside the net crossing area, except for rules 10, 1 and 2;
The whole 8, 4 and 5 balls pass through the space under the net.
9 hit the ball in the game
Teams must play in their own venues and spaces (except rules 10 and 1 and 2), but they can save the ball outside the barrier-free area.
9, 1 team's batting
Any contact between a player and the ball is regarded as hitting the ball. Each team can hit the ball three times at most (except blocking, rule 1 4,4,1) to return the ball to the opposite area. If it exceeds, it is judged as a "four-stroke foul".
9, 1, 1 consecutive hits.
A player may not hit the ball twice in a row (except rules 9, 2, 3, 14, 2 and 14, 4 and 2).
9, 1, 2 simultaneously hitting the ball
Two or three players can touch the ball at the same time.
9. 1, 2 1 When two (or three) players of the same team touch the ball at the same time, it is counted as hitting the ball twice (or three times) (except blocking). If only one player touches the ball, it will only be recorded once. A collision between players is not a foul.
9, 1, 2, 2 Players from two different teams touch the ball on the net at the same time, and the game continues. The winner can hit the ball three more times. If the ball falls outside a certain court, it is judged that the opponent has hit the ball out of bounds.
9, 1, 2, 3 If two players from different teams touch the ball at the same time on the internet and cause "holding the ball". Then judge the foul of both sides and play the ball again.
9, 1, 3 by hitting the ball
Players are not allowed to hit the ball with the support of their peers or any objects in the playing field. But one player can block or hold another player who is about to foul (such as touching the net, crossing the center line, etc.). ).
9, 2 The nature of hitting the ball
9, 2, 1 The ball can touch any part of the body.
No.9, No.2 and No.2 balls cannot be caught and/or thrown. It can pop up in any direction.
9, 2 and 3 balls can touch different parts of the body, but they must be at the same time. Except in the following cases:
9, 2, 3, 1 block, one player or multiple players can touch the ball continuously in one action;
9, 2, 3, 2 When hitting the ball for the first time, different parts of the body are allowed to touch the ball continuously in one action.
9, 3 foul when hitting the ball
9, 3, 1 played four times; A team hits the ball four times in a row.
9, 3, 2 by hitting the ball; Players hit the ball with the support of their peers or anything on the playing field.
9, 3, 3 hold the ball; The ball is caught and/or thrown instead of being bounced.
9, 3, 4 combo; A player hits the ball twice in a row, or the ball touches different parts of his body in a row.
The ball is near the 10 net.
10 and 1 the ball crossed the net.
10, 1 and 1 The ball must enter the opponent's court through the net crossing area above the net. The crossing area of the net is a part of the vertical plane of the net, and its range is:
10, 1, 1, 1 down to the top edge of the net;
10, 1, 1, 2 both sides to the sign post and its extension line;
10, 1, 1 and 3 go up to the ceiling.
10, 1 2 all or part of the balls enter the opponent's barrier-free area from the extended space, and the balls can be returned under the following circumstances;
10, 1, 2, 1 players are not allowed to touch the opponent's court;
When the balls 10, 1, 2, 2 return, they must all or partially pass through the extension space on the same side. The opposing team member must not block this shot.
10,2 ball touches the net
When the ball passes through the net, it can touch the net.
10,3 ball into the net
1 0,3,1After the ball is in the net, it can be hit again within three strokes of the whole team.
10,3,2 If the ball breaks the net or causes the net to fall, the ball will be played again.
1 1 Players near the net
1 1, 1 over the net.
1 1, 1, 1 when blocking, the blocked person is allowed to touch the ball through the net, but it is not allowed to interfere with the opponent before attacking or hitting the ball.
1 1, 1, 2 After the offensive shot, the hand is allowed to cross the net, but the ball must be in the open space.
1 1, 2 Crossing under the net
1 1, 2, 1 allows players to cross the opponent's offline space without interfering with the opponent's game.
1 1, 2,2 cross the center line and enter the opposite field;
1 1, 2, 2, 1 allows one (two) foot or one (two) hand of a player to cross the center line and touch the opponent's court, and the rest touches the center line or is placed above the center line.
1 1, 2, 2, 2 Any other part of the player's body is not allowed to touch the opponent's court.
1 1, 2,3 After the game is interrupted, players can enter the opponent's court.
1 1, 2,4 Players can cross the opponent's barrier-free area without disturbing the opponent's competition.
1 1, 3 touching the net
1 1, 3, 1 It is not a foul for a player to touch the net, except when hitting the ball or interfering with the game. Some shots may include shots that don't actually touch the ball.
1 1, 3, 2 players can touch the net post, net rope or any object beyond the length of the whole net after hitting the ball, but it shall not affect the game.
1 1, 3, 3 The net hit the player because the ball was hit in the net, which is not a foul.
1 1, 4 player fouls near the net.
1 1, 4, 1 The opponent touches the ball or the opponent's player in the opponent's space before or during the offensive stroke.
1 1, 4,2 cross the net and enter the opponent's space to hinder the opponent's game.
1 1, 4,3 cross the center line and enter the opponent's field.
1 1, 4, 4 players touch the net or touch the post when hitting the ball or interfering with the game.
12 serve
The player on the right in the back row will hit the ball from the starting area and enter the game.
12 and 1 serve first.
12, 1, 1 The first and fifth innings draw lots to decide the team with the right to serve first.
12, 1 2 In other games, the team that didn't serve first in the previous game served first.
12,2 service order
12, 2, 1 Players serve in the order of the position table.
12, 2, 2 After the first serve, the player serves according to the following regulations:
12, 2, 2, 1 When the server gets a ball, the original server or its substitute continues to serve;
12, 2, 2, 2 When the receiving team wins a goal, it gets the right to serve, rotates, and serves from the right player in the front row to the right player in the back row.
Permission delivery 12 and 3
The first referee checks that the server has the ball, both players are ready for the game, and the whistle allows the service.
12,4 service execution
1 2,4,1After the ball is thrown up or the bearer withdraws, the ball must be hit with one hand or any part of the arm before landing.
Get out.
12, 4, 2 balls can only be thrown or withdrawn once, but you are allowed to clap or play with the ball in your hand.
12, 4, 3 The server shall not trample on the ground (including the end line) and the ground outside the service area when hitting or dropping the ball. After hitting the ball, you can trample or land on the court or outside the service area.
12,4,4 The server must serve within 8 seconds after the first referee blows the whistle to allow the service.
12,4,5 The service allowed before the referee's whistle is invalid.
12, 5 covers
1 2,5,1The individual or collective of the server shall not use the cover to prevent the other side from observing the flight route of the server and the ball.
12, 5, 2 When serving, the serving players wave, jump or move left and right individually or collectively, or stand in groups to block the flight path of the ball, which constitutes a serving cover.
Service foul 12 and 6
1 2,6,1serve foul.
The following fouls should be judged as service fouls, even if the opponent is in the wrong position.
Serving team;
The service sequence of 12, 6, 1 and 1 is wrong;
12,6, 1 2 does not meet the requirements of "service execution".
12, 6, 2 foul after serving and hitting.
After serving, it is still a foul (unless the position is wrong) if:
12, 6, 2, 1 The ball touches the server or the whole ball does not pass through the vertical plane of the net from the net crossing area;
12,6,2,2 foul ball;
12, 6, 2, 3 ball goes over the service cover.
12 and 7 serve fouls and position errors
12, 7, 1 If the serve foul (rule 12, 6, 1) occurs at the same time as the opponent's position error, the serve foul will be judged.
12,7,2 If the foul (rule12,6,2) occurs at the same time as the opponent's position error, it is judged as a position error foul. 13 attack shot
13, 1 offensive shooting
13, 1, 1 Except serving and blocking, all shots directed at opponents are offensive shots.
13, 1 2 When the ball is scored, it is allowed, but it must be clear and must not be caught or thrown.
13, 1, 3 The ball crosses the vertical plane of the net or touches the opposing player, which is regarded as an offensive blow.
13,2 the limit of offensive hitting.
13, front row 2, 1 Players can hit the ball at any height. But you must be in your own space when touching the ball (except rule 13, 2, 4).
Players in the back row 13, 2, 2 can attack the ball at any height behind the attack line, but:
13, 2, 2, 1 When taking off, your feet must not step on or exceed the attack line;
13, 2, 2, 2 can land in the frontcourt after hitting the ball.
Players in the back row 13, 2, 3 can also finish offensive shooting in the frontcourt, but when touching the ball, part of the ball must be lower than the top edge of the net.
13, 2, 4 The receiver and receiver can't finish attacking the ball with the opponent who serves higher than the top edge of the net in the frontcourt.
13 foul, 3 attack hits