The first question: 10. The phonology of each syllable must be full. When reading the question, as long as there is a component error in the syllable, the word will be deducted 0. 1, and if there is a defect (pronunciation is between right and wrong), it will be deducted 0.05. Tone defects are quantified by four tones, each tone type is quantified according to the actual situation if it is less than 10, and 0.5 points will be deducted once if it is greater than 10. If the candidate makes a slip of the tongue, he can reread it, and the tester will judge it according to the second pronunciation. This question is required to be read within 3 minutes, 0.5 points will be deducted for overtime 1 minute, and 0.5 points will be deducted for overtime 1 minute. In the test exercise, we found that the words with sounds in this question scored poorly, and the reason for the error was often that the tone value of the upper sound was read as 2 1 or 2 142.
Question 2: 20 points. Need to read out the sound changes. If the examinee makes mistakes in phonology, intonation and tone sandhi. 0.2 points will be deducted for each syllable, and 0. 1 point will be deducted for defects. Tone defects within 10 times will be deducted quantitatively, and every time they exceed 10 times, they will be deducted by 0. 1 minute at one time according to the system. If the candidate makes a slip of the tongue when reading the question, he can reread it, and the tester will judge it according to the pronunciation of the second time. The time limit for this question is 3 minutes, and the overtime 1 minute will be deducted 1 minute, and the overtime 1 minute will be deducted 1.5 minute. In this problem, we should pay attention to syllables with sounds at the end, such as "tune". Candidates often pronounce the tone of the last syllable as half-upper (the adjustment value is 2 1). In addition, be careful not to read the word "er" as a syllable alone. For example, "fun" should be pronounced Wanhao R instead of Wanhao er. Collector's retreat
Question 3: 30 points. Deduct 0. 1 minute for each syllable of phonetic error, and deduct 0. 1 minute for each syllable of missing words, adding words and reading back. Dialect intonation will be deducted 0.5-3 points in different degrees, 1 point for speaking too fast or too slow, and 0.5- 1 point for each improper pause. The time limit is 4 minutes, and if the timeout exceeds 30 seconds, it will be deducted 1 minute. Pay attention to accuracy and proficiency in this question. Because according to the regulations, pauses, broken sentences and improper speech speed will be deducted, and the stress caused by missing words, adding words and inexperience will also be deducted. Every time you miss a word, add a word, or reread a word, it is equivalent to reading a wrong word. These mistakes have a great influence on the performance of this question, and many points are deducted. And it is a work with words, so we should focus on practice. And the improvement of reading ability can also promote the improvement of oral English. Source of this article: Examination Network
Question 4: 40. The topic is decided by drawing lots from 50 conversation topics in the Guide to Putonghua Proficiency Test (see sample volume). Draw lots on the spot during the exam. Each topic has two topics, and candidates choose one of them to talk for 3 minutes.
This question is scored from three aspects: phonetic features, vocabulary grammar and natural fluency, among which phonetic features account for the largest proportion-30 points.
According to the number of phonetic errors and the degree of dialect intonation, the phonetic features are judged by six levels. First gear: 28-30 minutes. Requirements: standard pronunciation, no systematic pronunciation errors and defects, no pronunciation errors within 3 times, limited to different readings and polyphonic word errors, no dialect errors: in the second gear 25-27. Requirements: Phonetic errors should be less than 10 times, with occasional dialect sounds. There are individual phonetic errors with unsystematic dialect nature, or there are phonetic defects in one or two systems. Third gear: 22-24 minutes. The phonetic error is between 1 1 and 15, with a slight accent. There are one or two kinds of systematic phonetic errors, and there have been or have been three kinds of systematic phonetic defects. The fourth gear: 16-2 1 min. The phonetic error is between 16-25, and the dialect is obvious. If there is one or more systematic phonetic errors, the upper section of the file can be evaluated. If there are three kinds of phonetic errors, and the number of times is about 25 times, the city will evaluate the lower section of the file. Fifth gear: l3- 15 points. Phonetic errors are more than 26 times, dialect is serious, there are more than three kinds of systematic phonetic errors, or there is an obvious lack of Putonghua-specific sounds that are not found in more than one dialect, and phonological pronunciation has a strong dialect color. Grade 6: 10- 12, with more than 30 phonetic errors, strong dialect, and more dialect elements in phonology, but basically Mandarin. In the actual test, most people's phonetic features are generally rated as the third or fourth.
Oral English is the most difficult of the four exams. For candidates whose mother tongue is a dialect, it is really not easy to speak fluently and pronounce correctly. It is recommended to pay attention to the following:
1. Avoid dialects and strive for standardization.
Usually, we should make more efforts to talk in Mandarin as much as possible, improve our pronunciation through continuous practice, reduce the influence of dialects, and correct the words and grammar habits in dialects.
2. Look at the topic and grasp the type.
The topics of 50 speeches are mostly related to daily life, and they are nothing more than narrating, remembering people, discussing and explaining. In practice, the topics are divided into several categories, and the content is relatively general, so it will get twice the result with half the effort to prepare more than a dozen manuscripts purposefully.
3. Choose a theme and make good use of short sentences.
When choosing materials, you should choose subjects that you are very familiar with, which will not cause too much emotional ups and downs. Because the focus of this topic is to test the phonetic characteristics of Putonghua, if you are sad and happy when you speak, your mood will fluctuate greatly, which will often affect the fluency of expression and the standard of pronunciation because of emotional excitement. In addition, long sentences should be avoided as much as possible when speaking, because in spoken English, it is not easy for both the speaker and the listener to send or receive long sentence information very accurately. Sentences are too long and easy to forget.
4. Pay attention to the length and calculate the time.
It takes three minutes to talk about the topic, and we can determine the length of the speech accordingly; Generally speaking, the speech speed is 170-230 words per minute, so it is more appropriate to write a speech of 500 to 600 words. For those who have a high level of spoken English, we suggest writing only an outline and describing it around it when practicing. For people with poor oral English, we advocate writing speeches according to the standardized oral expression habits of Putonghua, and then practicing them repeatedly.
Second, learn the basic phonetic knowledge, understand the characteristics of dialects and their corresponding laws with Putonghua.
The basic knowledge of Putonghua pronunciation includes initials, finals, tones, phonetic changes and so on. Some people think that mastering phonetic knowledge is the professional need of phonetic teachers, and ordinary people don't need to master it. This is a layman's word. The lack of phonetic knowledge can only make learners spend more energy in later learning. For example, people in Guangxi are generally not allowed to pronounce their tongues, and they don't know where their tongues are crooked. If we know the composition of human vocal organs and the pronunciation position of tongue initials (that is, the place where the airflow is blocked during pronunciation) is at the tip of the tongue and the front end of the hard palate, then we can smoothly produce different tongue sounds by tilting the tip of the tongue, touching or approaching the front end of the hard palate according to the pronunciation method. For another example, most Zhuang languages can't produce affricates, but use corresponding affricates instead. If we know the characteristics of the three stages of the affricate, that is, the affricate becomes an obstacle, holds an obstacle and removes an obstacle, we can distinguish these two groups of sounds smoothly.
Guangxi people have lived in dialect areas for a long time, and when they speak Mandarin, they often have a light or heavy dialect color. To overcome dialect intonation and improve pronunciation, we must understand the characteristics of our dialect and its corresponding relationship with Putonghua, and strengthen pronunciation in a targeted manner. For example, people in Putonghua areas should focus on distinguishing between flat tongue and nasal sounds before and after, and pronounce four tones correctly. Among them, Guilin people should also pay attention to distinguish the initials n and l, Liuzhou people should pay attention to distinguish the finals ao and an, and Hechi people should distinguish f and h; People in Cantonese should prevent rhyme loss, stop tongue sound, fricative sound and interdental sound; People in Zhuang-speaking areas should first distinguish aspirated sounds from non-aspirated sounds, fricative sounds and fricative sounds, and pronounce flat tongue sounds well; In the Dong language area, we should pay attention to distinguish the initials F and H, pronounce the vowels ong and long well, and remove the voiced components; The focus of Hakka dialect should be on vowels.
Third, understand the general procedure of the exam and master the basic skills.
The general level of Putonghua test is: after entering the examination room, show the admission ticket, then get the test paper and test book, and read the label aloud for ten minutes. When preparing for measurement, the reverse order method should be adopted, and the preparation should be carried out in the order of four, three, two and one. First determine the topic according to the topic label, then meditate around the topic, and then read the corresponding works softly (don't cross the topic). According to the regulations, you can't look up the dictionary during the exam, but you can still skillfully use the test paper as a dictionary in the preparation of the second question and the first question. When encountering new words, you can refer to common words and monosyllabic vocabulary in Mandarin. When you encounter flat-tongue words and front and back nasal words, you can consult the flat-tongue words list and front and back nasal words list respectively; When you encounter light words, you can refer to the vocabulary of light words and so on.
The four items of Putonghua proficiency test are an organic whole. Theoretically, the difficulty and the proportion of scores are increasing in turn. The latter is the deepening and development of the former, and the former is the basis and premise of the latter. Therefore, we should practice step by step, we should not be impatient and rash, and we should not despise or give up just because the previous content accounts for less points. In fact, the first three questions are supported by words, so the effect of accelerated training is better. As long as intensive training lasts for about 20 days, it can generally improve six points, seven points or even more. But if you simply train to talk about topics, it is very difficult to improve two or three points in a month or two. Of course, it is best for candidates to take part in systematic study, master the correct methods and steps, and strengthen training repeatedly in order to achieve ideal results and achieve good results.