(1) Pre-competition preparation
Make full preparations before the game. For example, strive for the support and cooperation of relevant organizations (Academic Affairs Office, Youth League Committee, Student Union, etc.). ), physical education and health teachers, class teachers, using various forms (radio, blackboard newspaper, etc. ) publicize as much as possible, make competition forms, hire and train referees, and prepare venue equipment.
Especially in the early stage of the competition, we should do the following work well.
1. Formulate competition rules.
The rules of sports competition are the concrete scheme of the competition and the basis for organizing leaders and contestants to follow. The content of the competition rules can be determined according to the actual situation, generally including the name of the competition, the main (undertaking) unit, the purpose and task, and the way of participating (including team units, grouping methods, the number of people limited to report, the number of people limited to report per team, etc.). ), competition mode (including competition events, adopted rules, admission places, scoring and reward methods, etc.). ), date and place of registration, special regulations and precautions.
2. Competition arrangement The competition arrangement is carried out according to the characteristics of sports and the competition mode stipulated in the Regulations.
Here are some common layout methods:
(1) elimination method
Elimination system is a simple competition method, which gradually eliminates losers through competition and is adopted when there are many teams (people) and less time.
Elimination system can be divided into single elimination system and double elimination system. The following introduces the arrangement process of single elimination method.
The single elimination system is a way to lose the opportunity to continue the competition after one failure, and finally only win one championship, so it is also called "championship competition method". The arrangement method generally goes through the following steps.
(1) Determine the number of teams (people) and posts.
When the single elimination system is adopted, the one closest to 2 should be selected according to the number of teams (people).
A larger power is used as the number of digital positions. For example, the commonly used digit positions are: 22 = 4, 23 = 8, 24 = 16, 25 = 32, and so on.
② Calculate the number of matches and rounds.
Number of matches: Team (number of people) minus 1.
For example: 16 teams (people) participate in the competition, and the entry requirements are:
16- 1= 15 (field).
Number of rounds: determine the power of the number position number 2.
For example: 16 teams (people) participate in the competition, and the entry requirements are:
Quadratic of 2 = 4 (wheel)
③ Arrange the competition order (take 16 team as an example)
After the competition order is arranged, the teams (people) draw lots to fill in the number position; Then write down the competition time, venue, etc. in the form, and it will become a formal competition sequence table.
④ Calculate the goodbye number.
The number of suitable positions for the first round of elimination should be a power of 2. If the team (person) is not multiplied by the power of 2 (for example, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, etc.). ), the necessary bye number will be set in the first round. The calculation method is as follows.
Bye: equal to or slightly greater than the power of the number of teams 2 minus the difference of the number of teams.
For example: 12 teams (people) participate in the competition, and the number of teams is by bye:
16 (that is, 2 to the 4th power)-12= 4 teams (people).
When arranging the sequence table, if there is a bye team, it is usually in the last position; If there are several bye teams, they will generally be at the end of each group, so that the chances of each group's bye are as equal as possible.
⑤ Arrange "seeds"
If there are a large number of participants in some events (such as table tennis), in order to prevent the strong players from being eliminated because they meet prematurely, the strong players are generally identified as "seeds" and arranged in several relatively equal areas on average, so that they can meet in the final rounds.
The number of "seeds" in the knockout should be a power of 2. The position of "seeds" is generally arranged in the order of strength, and the number 1 is usually ranked at the top of the upper half; No.2 "seeds" are arranged at the bottom of the lower half; No.3 and No.4 "seeds" are arranged at the bottom of the upper half and the top of the lower half; No.5 and No.6 "seeds" are arranged at the top and bottom of the second and third sections; No.7 and No.8 "seeds" should be at the top and bottom of the fourth and first quarter areas, so that the "seeds" in the same area are farthest apart (as shown in Table (1)-9).
You can also arrange the "seeds" in the corresponding positions by drawing lots to balance the strength of players in various regions as much as possible.
(2) Cycle method
Cycle method is divided into single cycle, double cycle and grouping cycle. Here are two commonly used editing methods.
① Single cycle method
Single-cycle method refers to the method that teams (people) meet once in turn and finally rank according to all the competition results of each team (people).
Arrangement steps of single cycle method
Calculate the match and the number of rounds:
Team number x (team number-1)/2
Number of fields:
For example, if there are 8 teams participating in the competition, they need to compete:
8(8- 1)/2=28 (field)
Number of rounds: each team (person) plays one game (including bye) as a round.
If the number of teams (people) is even, then:
Number of rounds of one team (person)-1
For example; If there are 8 teams participating in the competition, the number of losses is:
8- 1= 7 (wheel)
If the number of teams (people) is odd, then:
Number of rounds of a team (person)
Arrange the competition order (taking 6 teams as an example)
First line method
Divide the team (people) into left and right parts on average. In the first half, the team number is written on the left side from top to bottom from 1, and in the second half, the team number is written on the right side from bottom to top. Then connect the relative numbers with horizontal lines, which is the first round of competition order of each team.
Second line method
The position 1 is fixed, and other numbers are moved one position counterclockwise in turn, and then connected by a horizontal line). By analogy, the order of the remaining rounds can be ranked.
No matter whether the number of teams (people) is even or odd, tables are arranged according to even numbers. If it is odd, you should add "0" after the last number to make it even. The team you meet is bye-bye.
Draw lots after arranging the rounds, and fill in the team (person) name according to the sign number; Then put the game order into the game schedule.
② grouping circulation method
Group round robin is to divide each team (person) into several groups for single round robin, and after each group is ranked, the next stage of the competition will be held according to the rules. Usually the competition is divided into two stages: the first stage is a single round robin; The second stage is to rearrange the same ranking (or several to several) of each group in the first stage and conduct a competition to determine the ranking.
For example, 15 teams (people) participate in the competition. After the first stage is divided into three groups of single round robin, the second stage still adopts the single round robin mode, and the first place in each group is decided1~ 3; The second place in each group will be 4 ~ 6, and so on. You can also decide that each group is ranked 1 ~ 6, the third and fourth place is ranked 7 ~ 12, and so on.