All countries in the world have their own wrestling forms and methods with national characteristics. Wrestling in China, Sambo in the former Soviet Union, Japanese judo and sumo, as well as Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling, all belong to the wrestling category. Everyone has his own wrestling form and rules of the game. The ancient documents of Greece, China, Japan, Egypt and other countries all have relevant manuscripts.
Wrestling was an event of the ancient Olympic Games in 708 BC. At present, there are two forms of international wrestling, classical and freestyle, and the competition is based on weight. Greco-Roman wrestling was listed as an event of the first modern Olympic Games in 1896, while freestyle wrestling was officially listed as an Olympic event in 1904.
When wrestling first became a modern Olympic sport, there was no weight classification and restriction. 1900 The second Olympic Games was cancelled, and it was rejoined four years later, and freestyle wrestling has been joined until now. In the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, women's events were added.
Wrestling is a favorite sport of Mongolians, and it is also an essential event in Nadam convention. Mongolians call wrestling "Bok Beldu" and wrestlers "Bok Qing". Mongolian wrestling has its unique clothing, rules and methods, so it is also called Mongolian wrestling. Wrestling is called "Zhao Dege" in Mongolian.
Origin and Evolution Wrestling is recognized as the earliest competitive sport in the world. Wrestling has been recorded in ancient civilizations of Greek, Egyptian, China and Japanese countries. When the ancient Olympic Games was born in 776 BC, wrestling was one of the events, and it has always been the event of all previous Olympic Games.
Modern wrestling originated in Greece, and the ancient Greeks advocated wrestling very much. According to legend, Jessel, the mythical hero of Athenian democracy, learned wrestling rules from Athenian goddess, thus developing wrestling. At that time, someone said, "Wrestling is the most perfect, comprehensive and coordinated sport, and it is the crystallization of all sports." At that time, many famous Greek philosophers, poets and military generals were wrestlers. For example, Plato, a famous idealist philosopher in ancient Greece, was a famous wrestler at that time.
Wrestling events occupy an important proportion in the Olympic Games, which are divided into classical wrestling and freestyle wrestling, also known as international wrestling.
19 12, FILA was formally established when the Fifth Modern Olympic Games was held in Stockholm, Sweden. According to the regulations of the association, Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling are listed as international competitions. The establishment of the International Wrestling Federation has greatly promoted the spread of classical wrestling and freestyle wrestling in the world, making wrestling flourish in five continents.
Up to now, the International Wrestling Federation has 153 member associations. Distribution: Asia 33, Europe 45, Africa 34, America 28, Oceania 13. The International Wrestling Federation manages and is responsible for all events of Greco-Roman and freestyle wrestling.
Origin and Evolution of Greco-Roman Wrestling
Greco-Roman wrestling originated in ancient Greece and was previously called Greco-Roman wrestling.
At the end of the 2nd century BC, the Roman Empire invaded Greece. After conquering Greece, the occupiers combined the original wrestling with Greco-Roman wrestling, and developed and innovated on this basis, resulting in Greco-Roman wrestling. Greco-Roman wrestling was originally called Greco-Roman wrestling because it appeared in the prosperous period of slavery in Greece and was called Greco-Roman wrestling in history. The continuous development of this sport in Greece and its popularity in other European countries have played a positive role in the formation of greco-Roman wrestling.
65438+ In the 1990s, some people who loved this sport in France automatically organized professional teams to perform in many places. Later, it gradually evolved into a competition and gradually developed into classical wrestling.
The origin and evolution of freestyle wrestling
In the era of the rise of classical wrestling, another kind of wrestling-freestyle wrestling appeared in Europe. This kind of wrestling is basically the same as Greco-Roman wrestling, but the difference is that players can hold their opponents' lower limbs with their arms and trip with their legs, and their skills are more abundant than Greco-Roman wrestling. /kloc-In the 9th century, the British formulated clear rules of freestyle wrestling, so freestyle wrestling was finally finalized in Britain.
The Origin and Evolution of Women Wrestling
Olympic champion Wang Xu.
With the expanding influence of the Olympic Games on a global scale and the characteristics of fairness, justice, tenacity and hard work embodied in sports itself, women's sports have been continuously expanded and developed in this field. In the past, many events regarded as forbidden areas for women's sports were carried out one after another, and women's wrestling was one of them. 1984 Feile approved women's wrestling. But there is only one freestyle in women's wrestling, and its rules are almost the same as those in men's freestyle wrestling. 1 August 1989,1World Women's Wrestling Championship was held in Switzerland. Since then, women's wrestling has held world championships every year.
History of Greco-Roman Wrestling in the Olympic Games
1896, 1500 After the interruption of the ancient Olympic Games, wrestling found its place in the Olympic Games. The organizers of the modern Olympic Games naturally chose wrestling in the process of looking for sports directly related to the ancient Olympic Games. Because it was popular in most parts of the ancient world, from Greece and Babylon to India, China and Japan. Therefore, they imitated the legacy of ancient Greek and Roman wrestlers and recreated "classical wrestling".
In Greco-Roman wrestling, wrestlers can only attack their opponents with their arms and upper body, and they can only hold these parts of their opponents. 1 At the1Modern Olympic Games held in Athens in 1996, Greco-Roman wrestling was established.
History of Olympic freestyle wrestling
/kloc-At the end of 0/8, another freer form of wrestling swept across Britain and America. This kind of freestyle wrestling, called "grab where you want", has become a common program in markets and festivals in these two countries, and even a popular entertainment profession.
1904 At the 3rd Olympic Games in St. Louis, a wrestling event named "freestyle wrestling" was added. Freestyle wrestling allows players to oppress, provoke and trip their opponents with their legs, and also allows players to hug their opponents above or below the waist. In the initial competition, the players participated in the competition together regardless of their levels, giving the heavier players a certain advantage. In the competition, there are often scenes in which the big players easily beat the lighter players, and the game is one-sided. After that, wrestling began to be graded according to weight.
Development of women's wrestling
It was not until the 2004 Athens Olympic Games in Greece that women's wrestling was listed as an official event. FILA has done a lot of work for women's wrestling to enter the Olympic Games. The most important means is to lower the level of men's wrestling. The earliest Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling each had a level of 10. Later, it was reduced to eight, and then one level was reduced, so that each event had only seven levels, which made women wrestling enter the Olympic family. Olympic women's wrestling is only level 4.
The essentials of rules The rules of wrestling have changed a lot since its development. Modify the rules to make wrestling more popular and enjoyable.
Weigh before the game
You must weigh yourself the day before the game, which lasts for 30 minutes. Before weighing 1 hour is the time for routine physical examination. Athletes' weight must match the weight of the level in which they participate in the competition. If the weight is unqualified, they will be disqualified. Athletes who take part in the weighing must be healthy, with short nails, no beard, no sweat and short hair, or comb backwards under the guidance of the referee, and check when weighing. In all competitions, each level is only weighed once. Wrestlers can't get into the wrestling mat covered in sweat; Don't apply grease to your body; Don't wear anything that may hurt your opponent, such as rings, bracelets and earrings.
deliver a judgement
Composition of Referee Group In all competitions, the executive referee group of each competition consists of the following personnel: 1 executive referee 1 in-court referee 1 sideline referee. In any case, two referees of the same nationality/region are not allowed in the executive referee group of a match. Referees are strictly forbidden to judge the competitions of athletes in their own countries/regions.
Functions of the judging panel
The venue record table used by the executive referee and the border referee is used to comprehensively record the scores obtained by the athletes of both sides using this action. All recorded action scores and warnings must be as accurate as possible in order to be consistent with the specific stage of the competition. The referee and the referee must sign their own records. The execution of the referee should have the ability to use the technology and special skills specified in the relevant chapters of the international referee regulations.
Referees should wear red sleeves on their left arm and blue sleeves on their right arm. After the athlete uses this action, the referee on the field should indicate the score of this action with his finger. The red player raises his left hand when scoring, and the blue player raises his right hand when scoring. After the athlete uses the action, the referee scores with his finger: 1. Gestures: Raise your arms, make a fist and give out your thumb. 2 o'clock gesture: raise your arms and extend your thumb and forefinger. Gesture 3 points: Raise your arms and extend your thumb, forefinger and middle finger. 5-point gesture: raise your arms and spread your palms.
The difference between wrestling and wrestling
The basic difference between Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling lies in: Greco-Roman wrestling: it is forbidden to hold an opponent below the waist, trip his leg and use his leg actively.
Freestyle wrestling: It is allowed to hold each other's legs, trip their legs and take the initiative to use their legs. Women's wrestling is forbidden to hold the neck under both armpits.
Wrestling rules
Weighting of wrestling events: Weigh each level one day before the competition for 30 minutes.
Draw lots: athletes weigh themselves and draw lots when they get out of the scale, and then arrange competitions on this basis.
Initial ranking order: If one or more athletes do not participate in the weighing or are overweight, the athletes' serial numbers will be rearranged according to the principle of from small to large after weighing.
Arrangement: Match in groups according to the numbers drawn by athletes. Arrange them in the order of drawing lots, such as 1 to 2, 3 to 4, 5 to 6, and pair them in turn.
Competition elimination: the competition will be divided into two groups according to the number of participants, until each group produces the last winner, and the championship and runner-up finals will be held. Except for the athletes who lost to two finalists in the competition and made 3 ~ 8 resurrection matches, the losers in other competitions will be eliminated, and their final rankings will be arranged according to the rankings obtained.