The Gaul War was an aggressive expedition by the Roman Republic to conquer Gaul and expand its territory. It was also a cruel war by Caesar, the governor of Gaul, to strengthen his own strength, defeat his opponents, establish a dictatorship, build an army to prepare for war and plunder wealth. As a result of the war, Caesar conquered the whole Gaul, paving the way for the establishment of personal dictatorship.
Gaul is a large piece of land in northern Rome, including today's northern Italy, France, Luxembourg, Belgium, Germany and parts of the Netherlands and Switzerland.
In BC 1 century, Rome's * * * peace system faced a crisis. The Yuan-old faction headed by Sura and the Democrats headed by Marius and Qinna waged a life-and-death struggle for political power. The two sides fought each other and retaliated against each other, and Italy was bleeding like a river. As a result of the struggle, the Sura faction managed to maintain the rule of the Yuan Dynasty, and the Marius faction, which carried out democratic reforms, was completely killed and injured. At this time, three new figures appeared in Roman politics, namely Krasus, Caesar and Pompeii. The Great Spartak Uprising broke out in 73 BC, and Krasus of Sura Party stepped onto the political stage by suppressing the Spartak Uprising. He is famous for greed, extortion and fishing in troubled waters under Sura. When he was elected consul in 70 BC, he was already the richest man in Rome. When he was consul, he deliberately "cut blood" to win over the people, set up 10 thousand tables for the people, and gave all Romans a three-month food allowance.
Julius Caesar, nephew of Marius and son-in-law of Qin Na, was forced to wander in a foreign land during Sura's dictatorship. He didn't return to Rome until Sura died. He was praised for accusing the Sura-sent Macedonian governor of corruption, and served as a financial official in 68 BC. As the leader of Marius School, he became famous and famous in the society. Although he was born in a famous family, his family wealth was not rich, so he gave generously to win people's hearts and owed a lot of money. It is said that in 62 BC, Caesar got the rich position of Spanish governor, but he could not leave because of debt. Millionaire Krasus vouched for him and paid off some debts so that he could go to his post. At the same time, Pompeii's martial arts are outstanding and remarkable. In 70 BC, he was elected as the consul of Krasus. In 67 BC, he wiped out the rampant pirates in the Mediterranean and dealt a devastating blow to the enemy in the Third Mithradian War (74-64 BC). Mithradas fled to the coast of the Black Sea, and the poor man committed suicide. The destruction of this old enemy that threatened Rome for decades stunned Pompeii for some time. However, some measures he took on his own initiative in the east were criticized by the Senate.
Caesar made a lot of searches during his tenure as governor of Spain. When he returned to Rome in 60 BC, he was even more ambitious, so he formally reached a secret political agreement with Krasus and Pompeii to form the so-called "first tripartite alliance". According to this agreement, the three parties contributed to Caesar's election as consul in 59 BC. Caesar must try his best to approve Pompeii's policy in the east and pass some bills in favor of knights during his term of office. These things were done by Caesar regardless of the opposition of the Senate, which greatly improved his political prestige. What's more, Caesar, as the heir to the cause of Marius and Qin Na, also intends to cultivate his reputation as a civilian leader. In addition to strengthening publicity to win the hearts of the people, he also made 20,000 poor citizens with many children obtain land through the land law, instructed his cronies to plead for the people everywhere, incited poor citizens to oppose their elders and nobles, and distributed food to 32,000 citizens free of charge during his tenure as a tribune. These actions fully show Caesar's ambition to win hegemony by relying on the reputation of the people and reformists.
But Caesar knew that in order to surpass the other two, he must master a strong army and have rich resources, which is the greatest capital in the struggle. So he took a fancy to the lucrative position of Governor Gaul and decided to go to Gaul after the consul's term expired. He wants to take Gaul as the base, expand the territory, recruit soldiers, increase his strength and prestige, and prepare conditions for seizing greater power. In 58 BC, Caesar became the governor of Gaul through a tripartite agreement, with a term of five years (58-54 years ago). In 56 BC, the agreement was renewed and he succeeded the Governor of Gaul for five years. Caesar's appointment as governor of Gaul marked the beginning of the Gaul War.