The brave are fearless (interpretation of the Analects of Confucius on the 28th)
Article 332 of Nikkei News (Article 8)
Classic original 1: Please look at the official seal of the instrument and say, "I have no doubt that a gentleman is a gentleman." Judging from the followers. He went out and said, "Why should the second son and the third son be mourned? There is no way in the world for a long time, and God is eager for Master. "
Everything happens with a background, that is, isn't everything what you want? !
(Don't pick up the road at night and don't close the door. The most famous thing is the social situation during the famous "Zhenguan rule" period in China history. )
At that time, Confucius was the general manager in Lu, and he ruled the country for one year, so the whole country could open its doors wide. Everyone pays attention to etiquette, so as to be old, young and young. In the second year, Confucius took the King of Qi together to rectify the bureaucracy, so that the state of Lu became clear.
Seeing that the declining state of Lu had undergone such great changes under the rule of Confucius, the neighboring State of Qi was very worried that its hegemonic position would be threatened, so it came up with a bad idea: 80 beautiful women, 200 BMW cars and a lot of gold were chosen for the doctors and monarchs of Lu.
He also told Lu's doctors that Confucius would threaten them. When they saw so many golden beauties and BMWs, they couldn't help being moved. They told the king of Lu that Confucius was a descendant of Song, and he tried so hard to usurp Lu.
King Lu believed it, so he began to put Confucius aside.
At this time, Confucius felt that it was meaningless to stay in Lu and decided to travel around the world. This year, Confucius was 53 years old. (Similar to Lao Tzu's situation at that time, Lao Tzu also saw the rapid decline of Da Zhou, so he resigned and went to travel around the world to preach. )
This passage tells that Confucius began to travel around the world after he left Shandong. When he came to this place, he met a local official who called him a seal.
"Feng Yiren", whose name is place name, is a place to defend the country, in today's lankao county, Henan. Feng Ren refers to the officials who manage the border. Here we can infer that he is a hermit. Although he is only a small local official, we can see from his knowledge that this man must be a master or a saint.
The ceremonial officer asked to meet Confucius. He said, "I want to meet all moral gentlemen who come here."
(Mandarin means you must not miss it when you meet an expert. You must understand it. )
Just like when I went to Xiguguan, I met Yin who was good at letting go of fame and fortune, otherwise there would be no Tao Te Ching.
Although Confucius' life seems to be particularly bumpy, it is precisely because of his experience that he has time and energy to devote himself to deleting poetry books, positioning rites and music, and cultivating younger generations, and finally made him the founder of China culture and the most sacred teacher of China culture for two thousand years.
At the ceremony, Confucius had no official position and was a civilian. No one appointed him.
Confucius' ambition is to carry forward the way of saints. Master lost his official position, and all his disciples felt that life was hopeless. Confucius really felt a little down and out, a little lost in the future.
Then after seeing Confucius, the seal man said to Confucius' disciples, why should you worry that your husband has no official position? There is no way in the world for a long time, and God will take Confucius as a saint to order the world.
This seal means that you don't have to worry about the master losing his official position, and you don't have to worry that the avenue can't be passed down. The world will not be without Tao forever. Although there is no way in the world for a long time, at the same time, God regards Master as Mu Duo. When the bell rings, Master can spread the holy words of my late king all over the world.
Muduo is a bell with a golden mouth and a wooden tongue. This is a big clock with metal outside. Its bell tongue is made of wood, and it shakes loudly. This is called muduo.
Later, Confucius said to his students, "Man can be a Taoist, but not a Taoist." In other words, we should have a broad mind, not just study for the benefit. In fact, he is telling students to learn etiquette and music, not for a part-time job or to make a living.
The purpose of learning is to look inward and make yourself a king in the outside world. When you learn yourself well and do it well, you can bring this ability into play, so that the world will become better and better because you become better, and the value can be maximized.
Classic text 2: Confucius said: "It is disrespectful to live in a narrow place, and there is no mourning. How can I check it? "
Confucius said: How can I stand the situation if the people in a dominant position are not generous to others, are not serious enough in exercising etiquette and are not sad enough in attending funerals? !
Here, Confucius talked about the proposition of "awe". Confucius advocated "rule by virtue", "rule by courtesy" and "benevolent government". Here, he put forward moral requirements for the rulers. If the officials themselves can't do what the "ceremony" requires and their moral cultivation is not enough, then the country can't be governed well.
It shows that in the society at that time, the situation that the ceremony collapsed and the music was bad had made Confucius feel unbearable.
Morality is always used to restrain oneself, not to measure others. What we can do is to look for ourselves and constantly improve ourselves.