The new round of immigration reform in the Uni
The new round of immigration reform in the United States is mainly aimed at green cards for foreign doctors and masters in science and engineering. For many international students, the American green card is their dream, but the long and tortuous road of waiting for the green card often discourages them, and in the end they often have to go home because they can't stand waiting for several years or even longer. Now this situation is expected to change, and the new round of immigration reform to be launched in the United States will directly grant foreign doctors and masters of science and engineering green cards as one of the main contents. Foreign doctoral and master students of science and engineering who graduated from American universities seem to have seen the American green card waving to them.
It is often said by American politicians to leave the brightest and most talented young people in the world in the United States, but in the past few years, the United States has been thundering and raining hard to open its doors to foreign talents. Don't say that the road to a green card is long, even work visas are very popular. Many international students who want to stay in the United States often have to leave the United States to start businesses in their own country because they can't get a work visa after graduation, and finally become industrial competitors in the United States.
No matter in last year's presidential election or at Obama's inauguration ceremony, American politicians called for changing this situation. Obama129 said in his speech on immigration reform in Las Vegas: "We gave them all the skills to start a business, but we turned around and told them to go back to China, India, Mexico or other places to start a business and create jobs. This is not how you promote industrial growth in the United States, but how you bring new industries to our competitors. This is why we need comprehensive immigration reform. "
On the day when Obama made the above remarks, there was a striking content in the immigration reform plan released by the White House: the green card was directly "nailed" to doctoral and master's degree certificates in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. Anyone who has obtained the above-mentioned degree in science and engineering from a qualified university in the United States and found a job in the United States can apply for a green card directly without having to apply for a work visa first, as it is now.
The supporting ideas are as follows: (1) cancel the quota country restriction of professional immigrants; Establish a business start-up visa to encourage foreigners to use American capital and market to start businesses and create jobs; Set up special visa categories for working in federal security and technology laboratories. Once these measures are fully implemented, it is bound to provide an easier environment for foreign science and engineering students to stay in and serve the United States.
On the same day that the White House proposed the immigration reform plan, four senators of the United States Senate, orrin hatch, Amy Kloub Cha, Mark Lu Biao and Chris Kuhns, proposed the 20 13 cross-party immigration innovation bill. This proposal mainly aims at the demand of high-tech companies in the United States for high-tech immigrants, and proposes to increase the annual quota of work visas H- 1B (a short-term non-immigrant work visa issued to professionals in high-tech industries or other industries, which is an important way to go to the United States reasonably) from the current 65,000 to 1 15000, which can change according to market demand. For job seekers with a master's degree or above, the quota restriction of H- 1B will be lifted, and the spouse of H- 1B holder will be allowed to work in the United States.
In terms of green cards, this "Innovation Act" exempts some categories of professional immigrants from the green card quota restrictions, including those who have obtained advanced degrees in science and engineering from American universities, people with special skills, outstanding professors and researchers.
If this bill is passed, the quota restrictions on high-tech immigrants in China and India will be lifted, and the long waiting period for students with master's degree or above in science and engineering in China and India in the category of "national interest exemption" and the second priority category of professional immigrants is expected to be greatly shortened.
At present, this bill is likely to become a part of comprehensive immigration reform together with other bills, so as to legalize illegal immigration. At present, there is still great hope for the passage of this bill, because1October 28th, a new round of comprehensive immigration reform bill put forward by the Senate "eight-man gang" including McCain, Graham, Schumer, Durbin and other heavyweights showed unprecedented cross-party awareness, and its willingness to promote immigration reform, especially to attract highly skilled foreign workers, was greater than the last round in 2007.
The newly proposed "20 13 Immigration Innovation Act" also avoided the partisan differences in the green card bill for foreign science and engineering doctoral students debated in the second half of last year. While agreeing to grant foreign doctoral students in science and engineering 55,000 green cards a year, the bill has caused a bickering between the two parties on whether to cancel the 55,000 green card lottery quota at the same time. Although 165438+ was passed by a simple majority in the House of Representatives at the end of 10, the Senate was too busy to take care of it.
Analysts believe that if this bill is finally passed in Congress together with the comprehensive immigration reform plan, the United States will launch a new competition for talents on a global scale, and the challenges faced by China and India will be particularly severe. If these two emerging powers want to retain talents, they must formulate more attractive policies and create a more relaxed talent environment.
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In order to standardize the issuance of ordinary visas and the management of foreigners' stay and residence in China, the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council recently publicly solicited opinions on the Regulations on the Entry and Exit of China People and Foreigners (Draft for Comment). The exposure draft clearly stipulates the types of visas and the procedures for visa issuance, extension, renewal and renewal. According to the exposure draft, foreigners can be deemed as illegal residents in any of the following circumstances: 1. The duration of stay exceeds the time limit stipulated in the visa and residence certificate; 2. Foreigners who have entered the country without a visa have stayed beyond the visa-free period and have not applied for a residence permit; 3. Foreigners move out of the limited stay and residence area; 4. Other illegal residence situations.
The exposure draft makes it clear that foreigners are regarded as illegal employment in any of the following circumstances: 1. Working in China without a valid work permit and work-related residence certificate, except those exempted according to regulations; Two, beyond the work permit limit of regional work; 3. Not working in the unit limited by the work permit; Four, foreign students work in China beyond the scope or time limit stipulated by the work-study program; Five, Z2 visa holders, beyond the scope of work approved by the competent authority.
The exposure draft requires that if the deportation or deportation cannot be carried out immediately due to force majeure reasons such as weather, transportation itinerary, health status of the parties concerned, or because of unknown nationality and identity, foreigners should be detained in the deportation place or detention center by relevant legal documents until the execution is completed. The organ that made the expulsion decision shall, according to law, determine the time limit during which the expelled foreigner is not allowed to enter the country.
The exposure draft stipulates that the expenses required for foreigners to be deported shall be borne by themselves. I can't afford it, which belongs to illegal employment, and shall be borne by illegal employment units and individuals; In other cases, the expenses incurred by foreigners during their stay in China shall be borne by units and individuals.
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