"Residual ion" is Liu Bowen's excuse. When Liu wrote Jade Ion, he was 47-50 years old and was at the peak of his life. He was depressed for the first half of his life and was unable to display his ambition. Later, he was deprived of military power, so he gave up his official position and retired to his hometown Qingtianshan to write about Yu Ion. Soon after writing, he ran away from home and became Zhu Yuanzhang's confidant, helping Zhu Yuanzhang to establish a unified Ming Dynasty.
"Yu" not only reflects Liu Bowen's thought of governing the country and protecting the people as a politician, but also reflects his talent view, philosophical thought, economic thought, literary achievement, moral conduct and profound knowledge. In the process of writing Yu, Liu Bowen's whole ideological system, especially his views and opinions on social politics, became more mature and systematic.
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2. Which great god translated the full text of Li Yu? The full text is too long for me to do. I can only provide some excerpts.
1: Li Yu lives in the mountains, and raccoons chase chickens at night. It will be awkward when the followers come tomorrow.
I was still in the chicken, robbed and taken away until I died. Li Yu sighed: "It is still true that people die and gain money!" Li Yu lives on the mountain. At night, a wild raccoon stole his chicken, got up and chased it, but missed it.
The next day, the servant put a catching tool where it came in and used the chicken as bait. I caught a wild raccoon that night.
Although the body is tied, the mouth and claws are still holding the chicken tightly. The servant fought and robbed, and refused to put down the chicken until he died.
Li Yu sighed and said, "People who died for money and wealth are probably such wild cats!" 2. Jia people who died on the boat crossing the river lived on the raft. A fisherman took a boat to rescue him. Before he arrived, Jia people shouted, "I can help Yin's huge house to save me and give you a hundred gold!" Fishermen who land with their goods will get ten gold coins.
The fisherman said: "Give Xu 100 gold, and now give 10 gold, there is nothing wrong!" Jia Renbo was angry and said, "If fishermen can get geometry in one day?" And ten gold a moment is not enough? "The fisherman retreated in dismay. One day, Jia people drifted down from Lvliang, and the boat was thinner than the stone, and the fisherman was in the clouds.
People say, "Save all people?" The fisherman said, "It's someone who promised not to give money." Stand and watch, and it's gone.
Yin Ji had a businessman who sank his boat while crossing the river. In an emergency, he had to lie on the hay floating in the river and call for help. A fisherman sailed to save him. Before the boat reached him, the businessman quickly shouted, "I am a big economic family." You can save me. I'll give you a hundred taels of silver. "
After the fisherman carried him ashore by boat, he only gave him twelve taels of silver. The fisherman asked him, "When I saved you, you personally promised to give me 120 taels of silver, but now you only give me 120 taels." Is this unreasonable? " The merchant immediately changed his face and said, "You are a fisherman. How much income can you earn in a day? " ? Now I've got twelve taels of silver at once, aren't you satisfied? The fisherman walked away unhappy.
A few days later, the merchant came to the east of Luliang River by boat. The boat hit a rock and sank again, and the fisherman happened to be where he sank. Someone saw the fisherman motionless and asked him, "Why didn't you save him?" The fisherman replied contemptuously, "This is the man who promised me 120 pieces of silver, but he didn't mean it."
So, the fisherman stopped the boat on the shore and watched the businessman struggle in the water for a while, then sank into the river ... 3: Chu Youyang thought it was a living person, and Chu people called it a spy. On the day of death, some people will be arrested in court, and the old man will lead the way in the mountains, seek the truth of vegetation and give himself something.
Still not giving it, then whip it. All the attacked people are afraid of suffering, but dare to violate it.
One day, a little sniper said to many snipers, "The fruit of the mountain, the tree of the office?" Said, "No, it's natural." He said, "You can't take it without making it public?" He said, "If you don't want it, you have to get what you want."
He said, "But why should I work for him?" If you don't say it, everyone will be embarrassed. At night, spies are sleeping, breaking fences and destroying pestles, taking their products and carrying them back into the forest.
The dead soldier died of hunger. Yu said: Others use skills to make people feel helpless.
As public as being killed? Only he is unconscious and has no feelings; Once opened, its technology is poor. There was a man in the state of Chu who raised macaques for a living. The Chu people called him a sniper.
Every morning, he assigned macaques to work in the yard, and asked the old macaques to lead (other monkeys) to the mountains to pick the fruits of plants and take one tenth to support themselves. If they are not given fruit, some monkeys will whip them.
Macaques all feel bitter, but they dare not violate it. One day, an old macaque asked many macaques, "Is the fruit on the mountain a tree planted by spies?" Many macaques say, "No, (fruit) is born."
He also asked, "If you can't get the fruit, can't we pick it?" Many macaques said, "No, anyone can pick it." Then he asked, "In that case, why should we listen to him and be enslaved by him?" Before the words were finished, the macaques understood.
That night, many macaques waited together until the scorpion fell asleep, smashed the fence, destroyed the barn, took his stored food, and went hand in hand (here, together) into the forest and never came back. The sniper finally starved to death.
Li Yu-Yang said: "People who show off their political skills to enslave the people and do not follow the right path to regulate things are like spies!" ! Only because people are unconscious can they succeed. Once someone turns on the wisdom of the people, his political skills will be exhausted. "Revelation: The story that monkeys were brutally exploited by people who raised monkeys and rebelled after they woke up revealed the cruel exploitation and oppression of the people by the rulers of feudal society, indicating that once the people realized and rebelled, the rulers would only die of cold.
4. Zhi Bo surrounded Zhao Xiangzi in Jinyang, making people call him the Shoujiang: "If I can take down the city, I should let Ruozi and Sun Shishi protect it." The guard said to him, "Once upon a time, in a plot, Guo fell into the river, and the foam turned it around and its wings were slapped." When it saw it, it pitied it. When it swam over, it lost its land. It's called' My son and I have never forgotten each other for a hundred years.
Zhen Zhenyu said with a smile,' I don't know winter and spring, but I can't forget myself for a hundred years?' Today, there is no one in the state of Jin, and it is a disaster for women to rely on it. It's really annoying to destroy people by surplus.
When Jinyang dies, women die late, and they are not afraid to see her when they die. Why for their children and grandchildren? "That night, Zhibo was killed by Han Wei. Zhi Bo surrounded Zhao Xiangzi in Jinyang, and sent someone to the people guarding the city, saying, "If people can surrender (me) with this city, I can keep it for you and your descendants from generation to generation. "
The man guarding the city replied, "Once upon a time, Zhongmou City collapsed. When a newt fell into the river, foam swirled around it, and its wings kept flapping on the water. At this time, a mole saw it and felt pity for it. After swimming, it carried it to the shore, and the salamander was grateful to it. The mole cricket fluttered its wings and said with a smile,' Your life is too short to tell winter from spring. How can you not forget me after a hundred years? Now Kim is surrounded because there is no one. Your arrogance has a natural advantage.
3. Liu Yuanwen: Zhao people suffer from rats, begging cats in Zhongshan, and Zhongshan people give them.
Cats are good at catching mice and chickens. A month later, the mouse was exhausted and the chicken was exhausted.
When his son suffered from the disease, he told his father, "What are you going to do?" His father said, "If you know right and wrong. I suffer from mice, and I don't care about chickens.
If my husband has mice, he will steal my food, destroy my clothes, wear my walls and damage my utensils, and I will starve and freeze. Don't get sick without chickens! Without chicken, eating chicken has ears, which is far from hunger and cold.
If you leave, so will your husband and cat! One of Zhao's people (his family) was infested with rats. He went to Zhongshan to ask for a cat, and the people in Zhongshan gave it to him. Cats are good at catching mice and chickens.
For more than a month, the mouse lost all the chickens. His son thinks cats are evil and tells his father, "Why not get rid of cats?" His father said, "This is not what you understand.
I'm worried about mice, not chickens. With a mouse, it will steal my food, destroy my clothes, pierce my walls, destroy my utensils, and I will starve and freeze.
Don't worry about no chicken! Without chicken, it's over if you don't eat chicken, which is far from starvation and freezing to death. How can you drive away the cat like this? "Original: Chu raised a spy (jū) who thought he was alive, and the Chu people called him a spy.
On the day of death, I will take some people to court, let the old people lead the way in the mountains, seek the truth of vegetation, and give eleven to serve myself. Or not, then whip.
All the attacked people are afraid of pain. One day, a little sniper said to many snipers, "The fruit of the mountain, the tree of the office?" ⑤ ⑤; "No, it's natural."
He said, "Take it if you don't get it?" Say, "No, you can have both." He said, "But why should I work for him?" If you don't say it, all people will be criticized.
At night, spies are sleeping, breaking fences and destroying pestles, taking their products and carrying them back into the forest. The dead soldier died of hunger.
There was a man in the state of Chu who raised macaques for a living. People in Chu called him "sniper Gong". Every morning, he must assign macaques to work in the yard, teach the old monkeys to lead the little monkeys up the mountain, pick the fruits of vegetation, and draw one-tenth of the tax to support themselves.
Some monkeys are not enough, so they are whipped. Monkeys are afraid of death and feel bitter, but they dare not violate it.
One day, a little monkey asked everyone, "Is the fruit on the mountain planted by the old man?" Everyone said, "No! Is born. He asked, "Can't we pick them without the old people?" Everyone said, "No! Anyone can choose.
He asked, "Then why should we rely on him and be enslaved by him?" Before he finished, the monkey understood everything. That night, while waiting for the sniper Gong to fall asleep, the monkeys smashed the barn, took the stored grain, ran into the forest together and never came back.
The sniper finally starved to death. Li Yu-Yang said, "People who show off their political skills to enslave the people and don't take the right path to regulate things are like spies!" ! Only because people are unconscious can they succeed. Once someone turns on the wisdom of the people, his political skills will be exhausted.
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4. Qi Liuji's translation of Li Yu Gu Su Wei Translation of Li Yu Gu Su Wei: Suzhou City was besieged, and the King of Wu sent Taizai Berger to mobilize the people to participate in the war. The people roared: "The king of Wu only knows how to spend a lot of money every day, but he is not worried about the invasion of the enemy. He has made our country like this, but he has not reflected on himself.
If we die, then our parents and wives will be helpless at home; Even if we were lucky enough to defeat the enemy, they didn't say we had credit. Then why are we going to war? "Taizai" reported these words to the prince and asked for a reward, but the prince did not want to give it.
The prince of Wu was embarrassed by the promise of their official position again. Wang Sunxiong said: "We promised them temporarily until the enemy retreated."
The king of Wu asked Taizai Berger to issue an order. At this time, someone said, "The King of Wu is a liar. This must be deceiving us. "
The people of China all said, "Promise him for the time being that the enemy is coming and the war is not ours." So the prince of Wu boarded the tower, and Yi Zipi drummed like a tiger. Here the enemy approached the palace gate, and the Wu people surrendered without fighting.
Taizai Berger led the left and right to hold the king of Wu and climbed up the high platform to make peace, but the other side refused. The king of Wu drew his sword and killed himself, and thus the Taibo kingdom perished.
Around Gusu City, the King of Wu ordered Taizai Berger to send men to fight, and the people criticized him: "Your Majesty drinks every day and doesn't think about the enemy. As for me, I was introspective and forced to fight. If you die in battle, your parents and wife will be unsustainable; Fortunately, we won the enemy, but we did nothing.
Is it awkward to fight? "Please kill hao tell the king a reward. The baron will not send it.
Please allow me to be a doctor, Wang Gu is reluctant. Wang Sunxiong said, "If you promise, you will retreat. If you don't promise, you will stay with me."
Wang Naifeng was ordered by Taizai. Or, "if the king is treacherous, he will slander me."
China people also said, "I can fight if I make a promise, but I won't fight." So the king occupied the city, jumped up and drummed like a tiger, leaving the doors wide open, and the Wu people didn't fight, so the commander-in-chief helped the king to take the stage, please, Fu Xu.
Wang Fujian, Taibo country died. This article was written by Liu Ji in Tang Dynasty.
Writing background of extended materials: Liu Ji, whose real name is Bowen, whose real name is Wencheng, Han nationality, was born in Nantian Township, qingtian county (now wencheng county, Zhejiang Province), so he was called Liu Qingtian at that time, and Cheng Bo in the third year of Ming Hongwu, and people also called him Liu Cheng. In nine years, Wu Zongzhengde posthumously awarded a surname, Wencheng, and later generations also called him Liu Wencheng and Wenchenggong.
Military strategist, politician, Taoist priest and poet at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty were familiar with classics, astronomy and elite soldiers. He assisted Zhu Yuanzhang to complete the imperial industry, founded the Ming Dynasty, and tried his best to maintain the stability of the country, so he became famous all over the world and was compared to Zhuge Wuhou by later generations.
Zhu Yuanzhang repeatedly called Liu Ji: "My ovary is also." In the history of literature, Liu Ji, Song Lian and Gao Qi are called "the great poets in the third day of Ming Dynasty".
The allegorical style of Liu Ji's Li Yu Gu Su Wei can be described as "a man in a cage, a hole to solve doubts, a strange one to distinguish differences, a clever metaphor without distortion", which is quite similar to the language style of Zhuangzi, that is, Wang Yang is unrestrained, imaginative, rich in words, magnificent and infectious.
More importantly, Yu also absorbed and adapted some fables in Zhuangzi to make them practical. It not only embodies Liu Bowen's thought of governing the country and protecting the people as a politician, but also embodies his talent view, philosophical thought, economic thought, literary achievement, moral conduct and profound knowledge.
In the process of writing Yu, Liu Bowen's whole ideological system, especially his views and opinions on social politics, became more mature and systematic. "Residual Ion" is gloomy and literary; Li, one of the gossip, represents fire; Depression means civilization, which means that if the future generations of the world use four words, they will certainly reach the rule of civilization.
The ideological content is based on Tao and combined with the metaphysical use of Confucianism. The vagaries of conception and writing have won the essence of Zhuangzi.
Jiajing Chen Bing and Song Lian's "Men Zi Ning Dao Ji" were jointly engraved in Kaifeng. Liu Ji believes that everything has a way and the way is irreversible; Second, things have two poles and unity of opposites; Third, manage a difference and explore its essence; Fourth, wisdom is better than strength, and what is known is unknown; Fifth, reason with things and think in images.
Thinking has gained the essence of Taoist thinking. "Residual ion" is Liu Bowen's excuse. Liu Ji was 47-50 years old when he wrote Jade Ion. He experienced four ups and downs in the Yuan Dynasty officialdom, which coincided with the low point of his life, which made him depressed for half his life and unable to display his ambition. Later, he was deprived of military power, so he gave up his official position and retired to his hometown Qingtianshan to write about Yu Ion.
Soon after writing, he ran away from home and became Zhu Yuanzhang's confidant, helping Zhu Yuanzhang to establish a unified Ming Dynasty.
5. Full text Li Yu's fear of ghosts and thieves is born of his heart and troubles himself.
curcumin
Fear of ghosts
Author: Liu Ji
Jing people are afraid of ghosts, and when they hear the fallen leaves and the trip of snakes and mice, they all think that ghosts are also. Stealing it, so I peep at its wall at night as a ghost sound, fearing to make any noise. If it is four or five, then go into the room and hide nothing. Or I said, "The ghost actually took it." The center is chaotic and gloomy. It doesn't matter. There are ghosts in the house and the cave has been stolen. I finally thought that ghosts were stealing, but I believe that people were stealing. After that, Zhao will also be slightly shaken by fear of the two generals. The second suspicion is to restrain his invitation and arouse his anger to arouse the emperor. If you know that Li Sizhi has a suggestion, you will announce it first, and you won't miss it again and again. Therefore, the guess of the monarch and the minister is called:' Gao Shi is also right.' Fu Shen also. So:' Don't come, because of doubt; I don't care about myself, but I use the gap. "It is also very clear, very clear."
6. The original annotation and translation of Liu Ji's collection of sincerity, translated by Li Yu's workers and overseas Chinese, the former workers and overseas Chinese presented the piano, and Liu Jigong's overseas Chinese won the reputation, with a piano, a string and a drum, and Jin Shengyu responded.
I think the beauty of this world is too ordinary. Let the national workers look at it and say, "Fugu."
Give it back. Overseas Chinese workers returned to China, asking painters to disconnect them; He also sought seal carvers to end the past.
The box is buried in the soil and will be released within the year, so it will be suitable for listing. It is easy for a noble person to see it with a hundred gold and offer it to the DPRK.
When the music officer delivered the notice, they all said, "I hope the world is precious." When the overseas Chinese workers heard this, they sighed, "What a pity the world is! Is it unique? Otherwise. "
Workers and overseas Chinese get a good piece of paulownia wood, cut it down to make a piano, put on the strings and play it. The beautiful sound of the piano seems to be the harmony between metal and jade. He thought it was the best piano in the world, so he dedicated it to the government in charge of rites and music. The official musician invited the most famous musician in China to inspect and said, "(This piano) is not old.
"Then return the piano. The overseas Chinese workers took the piano home, discussed with the painter, and painted the piano into uneven patterns; Carve ancient Chinese characters on the piano according to the engraving volume; Put it in a box and bury it in the soil.
After a year, I dug it up and sold it in the market. A big official passed by the market and saw this piano, so he bought it with a lot of money and presented it to the court.
Yue Guan spread his appreciation for it and said, "This piano is really a rare treasure in the world!" " Hearing this situation, overseas Chinese workers sighed: "What a sad society! Is it just a piano? The whole world is like this. " Truth: to judge the quality of a thing, we should identify it in essence, not draw conclusions from its flashy appearance.
Only things with good nature can meet our needs, otherwise the gorgeous appearance can only be used as decoration, which will not play any role. At the same time, we should learn to adapt to the environment flexibly in real life. Only in this way can we have the basic conditions for survival.
7.5 Short classical Chinese plays autumn, and people who are familiar with the country also play autumn.
Let Qiu Yi teach two people to play chess, one to concentrate on playing chess, and Qiu Yi listens; Although one person thought it was a swan, he tried to shoot it with his bow. Although I learned chess from the previous one, chess is still not as good as the previous one.
Is it because his intelligence is not as good as the former? That's not true. People who study plastic column drums and musical instruments learn from Zhao, so they tune them first and then go back to the plastic column.
If you don't produce a song in three years, people will blame you. Only when someone comes from Zhao and asks him what he means can you know the stupidity of others.
Protect those who were born in the north and don't know about ling, and serve as officials in the south, eating ling at the table and eating ling at the entrance. Someone said to him, "To eat water chestnut, you must remove the shell before eating." . "
The man defended his shortcomings and said, "I don't know, but the person who closes the shell wants to get rid of the heat." The questioner said, "Is there this in the north?" ? "He replied," the hill behind the hill in front, which is not land? " ? " Fu Lingsheng is in the water, saying that he is a native countryman, and he doesn't know what to do. The owl met the pigeon. The dove said, "My son will be safe." The owl said, "I want to move eastward." The dove said, "Why?" The owl said, "The villagers hated my singing, so they moved eastward." The dove said, "My son can sing louder, but he can't." Give help to the seedlings. "
His son hurried to see it, Miao was dying. (I hope I am satisfied ~=w=).
8. Does anyone know the full text of Zhang's "Yu Ion Beekeeping, Finishing Lingqiu"? There is an old man who is very good at beekeeping. He can harvest hundreds of honey every year, and collect as much beeswax as honey. In this way, his wealth is almost equal to a marquis with fiefs. After the old man died, his son inherited his beekeeping business, and within a month, a hive of bees flew away. However, he is not worried about this phenomenon. After more than a year, nearly half of the bees escaped. After more than a year, all the remaining bees flew away and his family began to decline. When I came to Qi, I passed by Zhang's home in Lingqiu. Seeing the decline of his home, I asked, "Why was it so prosperous before, but now it is so barren?"
The old man in his neighbor's house said, "It's because of bees." Tao Zhugong asked the reason again. The old man replied, "Once upon a time, when the old man was keeping bees in Lingqiu, there was a house in the garden that was guarded by people. The tree was hollowed out as a habitat for bees, which was airtight and rain-tight. When placing beehives, there are certain ranks and wide intervals, and the old and new beehives have a certain order. Every five beehives are a group, and one person is in charge. Strengthen the support and structure, and plug the hive according to the season. If there are too many bees, separate them and divide a nest into two nests. If there are too few bees, gather them in one place, so that there won't be two queens in a hive. Eliminate spiders, mites and big ants, and eliminate the harm of soil bees, flies and tigers. In summer, they won't be exposed to the hot sun. Will not be destroyed by heavy rain. Old people only collect excess honey, and will not exhaust the vitality of bees. Therefore, old bees live a stable life, new bees are born, and old people can collect the benefits of honey without going out. "
"Now his son is not like this: the reed shed in the bee garden is not mended, nor is it cleaned when it is dirty, nor is it adjusted when it is dry, nor does it open and close the hive according to the season. Bees live in dangerous places, which prevents them from entering and leaving the hive, so bees don't like where they live. After a long time, the little moth spun silk and caught all the hives without knowing it. Snake ants drill holes in all beehives. 」
Tao Zhugong said, "alas! Disciples should remember this lesson. Those who govern the country and the people should take warning. "
9. The full text of "Zhongfu" (Ming: Liu Ji) was translated into Xie Yuan (1098-1kloc-0/42), a native of Jishui County. With heavy eyebrows and long arms, he started from all walks of life, especially riding and shooting. He was as good as the archer Yang in the Spring and Autumn Period, so he was nicknamed "Xiao". The strength is amazing. Rhinoceros can drag backwards with iron rope, and rhinoceros can drag backwards with iron rope. I once rode a good horse to raid enemy lines, and I flew around.
At first, Xie Yuan started as a security guard in Deqing Zhai, and accumulated political achievements to appoint Hou Yu, the capital of Qingjian. In September of the third year of Jianyan (1 129), Xie Yuan became a general under Han Shizhong. After Han Shizhong arrived in Xiapi, Wen Jinbing's brigade arrived, and the soldiers were frightened and their morale was shaken. Xie Yuan calmly took up the battle, led more than 20 cavalry to set off quietly, captured several nomads from the army and learned more about the enemy's dynamics. Soon after, he went again and met thousands of enemy cavalry. Xie Yuan was trapped in the enemy's array, jumped on his horse, like a stork, and took the enemy's chief from his horse. The rest of the nomads have escaped. Xie Yuan awarded Xuan Zan Scheeren with meritorious service.
Li Yu-Yang said: "Some people say that businessmen value money and despise life. At first, I didn't believe it. Now I know that there is such a thing. " Mencius said, "So we can't help but choose a career carefully." I believe!