From 65438 to 0988, badminton was listed as a performance event of Seoul Olympic Games, which was a success. 1992, badminton was listed as an official event at the Barcelona Olympic Games, with four gold medals in men's and women's singles and doubles. 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games, mixed doubles were added, bringing the total number of badminton gold medals to five. Badminton competition in the Olympic Games is the highest level of badminton.
The International Olympic Committee has strict restrictions on the number of badminton players participating in the Olympic Games, and the total number of participants is limited to 172. According to the world rankings, the top 38 single-player athletes, 16 pairs of doubles athletes and 16 pairs of mixed doubles athletes were selected from each event to directly participate in the Olympic Games. However, each event must include at least 1 players or 1 couples from five continents. These athletes must be the top athletes in the world on this continent. If there are still no players from a certain continent in the world rankings, the winner of the latest champion of that continent will participate in the points period.
The host country should have at least 2 athletes participating in the competition. Each country or region can only have three seats at most in the 1 event, and the extra seats will be given to players from that country or region after ranking.
Badminton competition mode
In the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, all five badminton events were single elimination and bronze medal play-offs. Singles will use the top eight athletes in the world as seeds, and doubles will be seeded according to the rules of the World Badminton Federation.
Among them, there are no more than 64 athletes in men's singles and women's singles; Men's doubles, women's doubles and mixed doubles each have 16 pairs of athletes. The World Badminton Federation is responsible for drawing lots.
Each game will be scored with two wins in three games, with 265,438+0 points for each game and a scoring system for each ball. After the score of both sides reached 20 in a game, the one leading by two goals won the game. After the score reached 29 in a game, the first player to reach 30 won.
When one side leads each game to 1 1, there may be an interval of no more than 60 seconds. There can be no more than two minutes' rest between two games.
During the game, the coach can guide during the dead ball.
The origin and evolution of badminton
1873, at a banquet held at the badminton manor in Glasgow, England, several retired officers from India fought with rackets and balls (champagne corks with goose feathers) across the banquet table. This game was quickly accepted and spread by the British. Therefore, people named badminton after its place name.
1875, the world's first badminton competition rules were born in Pune, India.
From 65438 to 0878, Britain formulated unified and gradually improved badminton competition rules.
1899, 1 All England Badminton Championship was held. 1903, the earliest international badminton match between Ireland and England in the world was held in Dublin. The earliest badminton court was wide at both ends and narrow in the middle, similar to the ancient timing hourglass.
From 65438 to 0934, the International Badminton Federation was founded by Canada, Denmark, England, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Scotland and Wales. At that time, Sir Thomas, the first president of the International Badminton Federation, donated money to make a trophy, which was awarded as the mobile trophy of the World Badminton Men's Team Competition, so the World Badminton Men's Team Competition was also called Thomas Cup.
1948, 1 The competition is held every three years. Each match consists of five singles, four doubles and nine * * * matches, which are completed in two days. 1984 was changed to be held every even year, and the 9-game system was changed to the 5-game system, with 3 singles and 2 doubles respectively.
1956 The trophy donated by Mrs. Youbo, a world-famous badminton player, was used as the mobile trophy for the women's team badminton tournament in the world. 1 Uber Cup was held in 1956, and each match consisted of 3 singles, 4 doubles and 7 matches. 1984 was changed to be held at the same time and place as Thomas Cup, and the same five-game competition method was adopted.
From 65438 to 0977, the first World Badminton Championship was held in Malmo, Sweden. In the past, there were five individual events, which were held every odd-numbered year, but now they are held once a year.
1989, 1 Sudirman Cup was held in Indonesia. Indonesia donated a trophy named after Indonesian Su Diman to the International Badminton Federation as a mobile trophy for the World Mixed Badminton Team Competition. The Sudirman Cup consists of five matches: men's and women's singles, men's and women's doubles and mixed doubles.
The annual World Grand Pris Finals organized by the International Badminton Federation starts from 1983. There were only two events in men's and women's singles in the first three sessions; 1986 has set up five events: men's and women's singles, men's and women's doubles and mixed doubles. The Grand Prix is divided into several stops and held in different countries or regions. According to the amount of bonuses provided by sponsors, the competition is divided into 6 stars. The International Badminton Federation takes the accumulated points of the contestants in each competition as the basis for the contestants in each competition. Starting from 200 1, the finals have ended.
In 2006, the International Badminton Federation was officially renamed as the Badminton World Federation.
Badminton competition venues and facilities
Venue and clearance height-The badminton court is rectangular, with a length of13.4m, a singles court width of 5.18m and a doubles court width of 6.10m. The clearance height of the Olympic badminton court must be above12m, and the venue must be a plastic badminton court laid on an elastic wooden floor.
Lighting-The lighting of the site shall come from a height of 65,438+02m from the boundary line of the site, with an average brightness of at least 65,438+0,200 lux.
Wall color-the walls around the site must be dark. Wind power control of the venue-the wind power of the venue is not more than 0.2m/s, and the venue should be kept windless as far as possible during the competition.
Venue layout-When two or more venues compete in a venue at the same time, the venues should be arranged in parallel, with the end lines facing the podium and numbered.
Net-net is made of nylon rope, which has poor flexibility. The grid is square, with a side length of 15 ~ 20mm and evenly distributed. The upper edge of the net is covered by a 75mm wide white cloth strip folded in half. There is no gap between the two ends of the net and the net column.
Badminton competition equipment
Ball and racket-The ball used in the Olympic badminton competition must be approved by the World Badminton Federation. The ball consists of 16 feathers with a length of 62 ~ 70 mm and a hemispherical ball holder. The weight of the ball is 4.74 ~ 5.50g. The Olympic badminton court needs 700 dozens of balls with three speeds suitable for the competition and stored in a safe warehouse. Racquets are provided by the participating athletes. The length of the racket shall not exceed 680mm and the width shall not exceed 230mm. The referee did not strictly check the players' rackets because the unqualified rackets did not bring obvious advantages to the players.
Referee's chair-The height of the chair is1.55m.. Set a cushion between the left and right handrails for the referee to place the scoreboard.
Serving referee chair-a chair with a backrest, the height of which should meet the requirement that the apparent visual field of the serving referee's eyes is basically the same as the server's waist when the serving referee sits down.
Referee's chair-Referee's chair with the same service is required.
Clothing basket-prepare spare rackets, towels, sportswear and drinking water for athletes. In singles, there is a clothes rack on each side of the referee's chair, and in doubles, there are two.
Ball box-located next to the referee's chair, used to place new balls and used balls kept in the game.
Dry mops-each venue is equipped with two dry mops with good water absorption, one on each side.
Grid ruler-ruler made of wood or aluminum, 4 cm wide and 160 cm long, marked with 1.524 m and 1.55 m. ..
Scoreboard-used to pad the scoreboard when the referee judges on the spot. The size of the board is slightly larger than A4 paper, and it is made of hard plexiglass or plastic board.
Key points of badminton competition rules
throw
Before the game, the side pick method (coin toss) is used to determine the server and the venue. The winner will give priority to serving or receiving, or playing in one half or the other. The loser chooses among the remaining projects.
method of marking
At the annual congress held in Tokyo, Japan in May 2006, the Badminton World Federation officially decided to implement the new competition system of 2 1 minute. In May 2006, in the Thomas Cup and Uber Cup held in Tokyo, Japan, the competition system of 2 1 minute in three games was first tried out. This competition system will become the general competition system of all international badminton competitions in the future, and it will also be adopted in the 29th Olympic Games. 2 1 sub-competition system has more advantages than 15 sub-competition system in improving athletes' enthusiasm, reducing athletes' injuries and TV broadcasting.
The World Badminton Federation's 2 1 scoring system implements the scoring system for each ball, and all individual victories are scored as 2 1, with a maximum score of 30 points. Each game adopts the best of three games system, and the first player to score 2 1 point wins the official game. If the score between the two sides is 20 to 20, the winner needs to surpass his opponent by 2 points to win; Until the score of both sides is 29-29, and then the one who gets the 30th point first wins. The winner of the first game serves first in the next game.
Standing mode
Singles: When the server scores 0 or even, the players of both sides serve or receive the service from their respective right service areas; When the server scores an odd number, both players serve or receive the service in their respective left service areas.
Doubles: In the game, when the score is 0 or even, the ball is sent diagonally from the right service court of the opponent's court to the right service court of the opponent's court; When the score is odd, the ball is sent obliquely from the left service court to the left receiving court of the opponent's court. In the game, only when one side scores continuously, the server must serve alternately in the right or left service court, while the position of the receiver remains unchanged. In other cases, the players in the last round should stand in their respective service areas, so as to ensure the alternation of service players.
No matter at the beginning or in the competition, the doubles match is a single serve, that is, one side only serves once at a time. If the server makes a mistake, it will not only lose the right to serve, but also 1 point. If the player who has the right to serve scores an odd number, he must serve from the left service court. If the players who have the right to serve have equal scores, they must serve in the correct service court.
In doubles, only the receiver can receive the serve. If his partner receives the serve or is touched by the ball, it is a "foul" and the server will be awarded a score. When serving and returning the ball, the ball can be returned by either of the two players without repeated strikes, and so on until the ball dies. When serving doubles, the server and the receiver must stand in the specified service area and receiving area to serve and receive the service, and their partners' positions can be unrestricted, but they must not interfere with each other. The serve is not in the right order, and the score is valid. Correct the position or order.
Intermittent mode in competition
Each game adopts the best of three games system. If any party in the game scores 1 1, the game will be suspended 1 minute; The interval between the two games is 2 minutes.
Common violations in competitions
Passing violation-when serving, the server's racket should point downward at the moment of hitting the ball. Otherwise, it's illegal.
Waist violation-when serving, the whole ball is lower than the server's waist at the moment of hitting the ball. Otherwise, it's illegal.
There is a pause in the swing-after the service starts, the swing is incoherent and illegal.
Feet moving, touching the line or not in the service area-from the start of service to the end of service, the feet of the server or receiver must partially touch the ground of the court, and they must stand in the diagonally opposite service area, and their feet must not touch the boundary between the service area and the receiving area. Otherwise, it's illegal.
It is illegal to hit the ball when the initial hitting point is not on the tee or fails to hit the ball. The initial hitting point is not on the tee, that is, when serving, the racket touches the feather first or both the feather and the tee at the same time.
When serving, if the ball doesn't land in the prescribed receiving area, it will be fouled. For example, the service ball either landed in the oblique court or never crossed the net, or hung on the net and stopped at the top of the net. It is illegal for the ball to pass through the net or mesh or touch the ceiling or touch the athlete's body or clothes.
If the ball touches the court or other objects or people, it is a foul. The hitting point exceeds the upward extension of the net, that is, hitting the ball over the opponent's court will be a foul.
It is illegal for an athlete's racket to invade the opponent's field from before or under the net, which will hinder or distract the opponent or prevent the opponent from hitting the ball legally in front of the net.
It is illegal for the same player to hit the ball twice in a row or for two players on the same side of the doubles to hit the ball once in a row.
It is illegal for the ball to stop on the racket and then be towed away and thrown out.
Athletes who seriously violate or repeatedly violate the continuity of the game or misbehave will be sentenced to violation. Such as: leaving the competition venue to drink water, wipe sweat, change rackets, accept off-site guidance, etc. , or deliberately change the ball shape or destroy badminton or behave rudely.
let
When serving again, the original round is invalid and the original player serves again.
In addition to serving, the ball hangs on the net or stops at the top of the net after crossing the net, and the service is judged to be heavy.
At the time of serving, both the server and the receiver were convicted of a foul and had to serve again.
When the receiver and receiver are not ready, the server will serve and re-judge the service.
When the ball flies, the bearer is completely separated from the rest of the ball and the serve is awarded.
If the referee can't judge this round, he will award a heavy serve.
If an accident occurs, the service will be judged again.
Exchange field
At the end of the first game, the two sides will exchange venues.
If the match is1:1,the two sides should exchange venues before the third game.
In the third game, when the score of the leading team reaches 1 1, the two sides will exchange venues.
If the venue should be exchanged but not exchanged, it should be exchanged immediately once it is found, and the score obtained is valid.
Ah, that's enough. . . ~~~~~~~~~~~