How to win the bid for construction projects?

The first lesson: Literacy 2 is now to give everyone literacy "If you want to give an official a large sum of money for the project", if you really do this, there are only two possibilities for 99%. One is that the money is thrown into the water, and the other is that the official does not accept it. If you want to do a project, it is far from enough to send money. Don't listen to the news that a corrupt official took millions and gave a contractor hundreds of millions of projects. Those corrupt officials are stupid and should be shot. In the past, the system was not so standardized, but it does not mean that there is no need for bidding. In the words of an official, the project was given to someone. Someone caught a small plait, but strangely, the Commission for Discipline Inspection, the Procuratorate and the audit didn't look into the dead. I don't believe it's fishy, but some people can't keep it if they want to. Therefore, under normal circumstances, projects must be tendered, which is stipulated. Clear-headed corrupt officials know that they will not cross this red line. Therefore, smart contractors will not send money before bidding. At most, invite them to dinner, give them a little gift, express their feelings and get to know each other. Who said that the contractor's money is not money, and the money should be used on the cutting edge to maximize the efficiency of funds? This truth is now understood by three-year-old children. It has been said that some officials with power will take all the money of any contractor before bidding, and only take the winning share when winning the bid, and all the others will be returned. How wise! Although I have less money, I can keep my job. I'm afraid I have no money! But now everything must come to an end, and the contractor is not stupid. He won't throw money into the water for nothing. Summary: Government projects are subject to tender, and officials dare not openly appoint you to do the project, so don't spend a lot of money easily when winning the bid. The second lecture on winning the bid (1) If you want to get the project, you must first win the bid. If you want to win the bid, you must first bid. If you want to bid, you naturally have to register. Although there is so much nonsense, every link is learned. So the main content of this speech is registration. Registration is also learning, silly! Usually, a tender announcement will be issued when a project is tendered. What! ! You didn't see the announcement, so we have nothing to say. Some big projects will be advertised in newspapers, but most of the announcements require you to go to the construction engineering trading center to find out. The local trading center has a website. If you can't surf the Internet, you can recruit a college student who can surf the Internet, or a master's or doctor's degree. Then carefully look at the bidding requirements, the key point is that you should look at the qualifications of the bidding construction enterprises. What! We want to run a construction enterprise, but our enterprise is not ready yet! Day lilies get cold when you start a company. If this project requires a first-class qualification, it will be great if your company has the strength and can reach the first-class level in ten or eight years. So what should we do? Let's find a temporary job! Bidding must first have the qualification of a legal person, and natural persons cannot. If our little contractor doesn't start a company, we can only take temporary jobs. Working in a third-level enterprise requires a third-level qualification and a first-level post. Don't be afraid that people won't give you jobs. You have to be willing to spend money. Attachment costs money, ranging from/kloc-0 to-50000. The affiliated fees of first-class enterprises are naturally high. After paying the money, we are the people of the company, and we bid on behalf of the company. You take care of two migrant workers, one is my 3-year-old baby and the other is her mother. It's not too late to recruit when you win. But we also need a project manager, a project manager with a notebook and a level. This trouble, but I'm afraid I can't get it with money. In fact, this project manager had better take the exam himself. We have to learn something so that we can register later. With these, who can say that I didn't graduate from primary school and the procedures are complete? As long as I spend money, I can represent China State Construction Corporation. Summary: In a word, as long as we spend money, we can be regular contractors. Our contractor is different from the contractor who does bathroom decoration in your home. We did a 5kw project. It's no big deal. Off-topic: the construction company will live well and get something for nothing. The affiliated fee is still small, and we will talk about it later. The key is to control risks. Contractors and construction companies like us should be careful. If there is a lawsuit, people will look for a construction company. The third lecture on winning the bid (2) Wait for the qualification examination after registration, buy the tender, compile the tender documents, open the bid, and then win the bid. If you really do this, you will be waiting to become a contractor sooner or later. The most important thing is to know your competitors. Qualification examination is the first step of the Long March. Qualification examination should be done by the owner or the tenderer, and can only be judged by our contractor. However, if you want to win the bid, you must first make a decision. The methods of qualification examination vary from place to place, but the models are similar. After the registration deadline, all applicants' materials will be reviewed according to the requirements of the tender announcement, and those who do not meet the requirements will naturally be kicked out. But in the future, the applicants basically meet the requirements, so there will be two situations: one is that the number of applicants is insufficient, and according to the bidding law, applications with fewer than three companies cannot be opened, or even if there are four companies, the owner thinks that the number of applicants is still small, so he can lower the standard and re-register. Of course, it is more likely that there are too many applicants, and it is normal for thirty or forty companies to register. In order to facilitate the bid evaluation, the owner will raise the qualification requirements for the construction unit, such as changing the second level to the first level and changing the registered capital from 6.5438+million to 20 million, so as to kick off some applicants. As for who can and who can't have the same conditions, no one dares to decide. After all, there are rules to follow There used to be a local convention that if there were too many applicants, the number of bidders was fixed and the shortlist was decided by lottery, just like buying lottery tickets. It's changed now. ) With this method of qualification examination, we will try our best to think. We can't get kicked in the ass at this level. Isn't the right of qualification examination in the owner? At this time, we need to control the masters, that is, those corrupt officials with power. Too many people cut it, ok! Then take our affiliated company as the standard, and cut everything below, as long as you don't cut us. Four bidders thought it was too few, so I told him that four bidders had met the requirements. If there were more people, we would all be in trouble. Why bother? In short, control corrupt officials and ensure that we can be shortlisted, and the fewer competitors, the better. So now I understand why the higher the qualification of the company, the better, and the more expensive the money will be. If it is higher, it will be easier to operate. Now there are fewer competitors, maybe half of them. What can I do next? There are still two ways: one way is to go back. Who stipulates that we can only work for one company? We can work for three or five companies. As long as we are willing to spend money, it is no problem to take the company of 100 in the name of our small contractor when signing the contract. Of course, the cost should be considered. In this way, it is possible for us to control half of the bidders. It won't be much easier to bid at this time. As for where it's easy, I'll talk about it later. Another way is the well-known cross-bidding: this is suitable when there are few competitors. To put it simply, our contractors join hands to play with the owner, with a budget of100000, and our quotation is not less than120000. It doesn't matter who wins the bid, and the money won doesn't win. However, we are ambitious contractors. We won't do anything with small money, but we must get the project. We can spend money to buy back all our competitors' places, and we would rather do other people's bidding ourselves. Now we can be happy. We have the final say in the whole bidding, fearing that we won't make any money. As long as it is not excessive, I am afraid I will not make a fortune. Summary: It is king to reduce competitors as much as possible before bidding, which also costs money. The contractor is not a vegetarian, and it is normal to spend millions on this link. Do you have the strength? If you don't have the strength, then honestly follow the rules and pray that you won't be laid off during the qualification examination. In fact, isn't it a way to earn small money when people spend money to buy your quota? And this method may not work even if it costs money. There are many powerful contractors. Affirmation: All the above means are serious violations of the law, and those caught will definitely go to jail. We won't touch this red line in future courses. (This lecture is too harsh, hehe.) The fourth lecture won the bid. (3) I said collusion was a bit excessive. If you are found out, you will go to jail. Although it is difficult to obtain evidence, it is not a world of difference. And even if there is no evidence, people will take you seriously. As I said before, the cost of cross-bidding is very high. If you want to make money, the bid price must be high, but everyone knows that there must be problems. I met an nb official. You didn't do well. I'll bid again. Hey, hey, so much money is not wasted. Don't say it's against the rules. nb's immortals dare to do it. Who makes us feel guilty? If we really go to court, we may even expose the old man. This is a true story. An unlucky contractor privately admitted that he lost more than 200 W at a time, and his joints could not pass, so he had to find a wall to vomit blood. Serve you right! We are regular contractors, so we have to obey the rules. It's our turn to talk about the preparation of the tender. This is a real technical job. You can't do it without two brushes. We must employ a senior budget officer. This money can't be deposited. We can't even work out the actual cost of this project. What's more, it's good to find an experienced budgeter. After all, we don't know much now. Let me introduce the form of bidding first. Our bidding documents are divided into commercial bid and technical bid. As a construction project, technical bid is the foundation, commercial bid is the key, and quotation is the key. I won't elaborate on other details, that is, how to quote. There are three commonly used methods: the lowest bid method, the second lowest bid method and the comprehensive scoring method. Naturally, we should use different strategies for different methods. People who are not familiar with the construction industry may not understand that bidding should naturally be the lowest bid, so how to use other methods? In fact, there is no way. Government projects are most vulnerable to the lowest bid method. In order to win the bid, everyone tried their best to keep the price down, and it was common that the price was lower than the cost. Finally, there are two results: either bean curd residue project; Now that the quality control is tight, tofu dregs dare not, so we have to make a contact list (hey, the contractor didn't see this clearly, but there is still important room for future courses), and the result is 500w project cost1000 W. The second lowest bid was originally intended to solve the problem of competitive price reduction, but unfortunately the price may be lower, and people may be more willing to bid for a deposit than to do this work. Comprehensive scoring method can solve the problem of underpricing, but it often loses the meaning of bidding. In fact, there are other bidding methods, but they are not perfect and are beyond our discussion. Experts and scholars have spent a lot of water, and it is estimated that they will not get a result after decades of struggle. In fact, personally, as long as the owner is responsible and the supervisor is conscientious, the lowest bid winning method is the best way that everyone thinks, but in that case, there is no need to talk about it in our class. However, the lowest bid method is still the most popular method, so we continue with this as an example. Now that we have a good budgeter, we carefully study the bidding documents, take part in bidding and answer questions, and prepare the technical bid carefully. Commercial bidding is naturally serious. If the cost is included in a reasonable profit, it will become a quotation, and then we will be confident to participate in the bidding. Is it really that simple? Don't! By doing so, we have another chance to become contract workers. (depressed, lectures are really fucking tiring. I talked a lot of nonsense about literacy before, and I found that I was going to literacy again. I won't sweep this blind thing. I'll take it out as soon as possible so as not to be called a eunuch. In a word, the most commonly used quotation method in business standard is the physical quantity list method. Simply put, the tender documents will give a specific list of materials, and you are responsible for reporting the unit price summary, and finally settle the project payment according to the actual engineering quantity. Let's press this to continue. As a successful contractor, we missed a lot of work. First, we need to find a design unit. Of course, it is necessary to deeply understand the specific details of engineering design, especially pay attention to whether there are design problems. Real design problems are unlikely to exist. After all, it is a loophole after n joint trials. In fact, we don't need to find a design unit just for the sake of loopholes. If people have long known that it was not compiled, what if we deliberately made it a design unit? As for which loopholes are good for us, we will talk about them later. In fact, having a good relationship with design has many advantages. . . . The second is to find the owner, which refers to the specific engineering and technical personnel who are responsible for compiling the bidding documents. Now the government departments generally do not have this ability, and basically entrust a bidding agency. Then let's find a bidding agency with the same purpose. If we can't find the loophole, we will spend money to create it. In fact, these two things should be prepared when the project is established. Do you think it is easy to be a successful contractor? With the first two steps, we can make the tender documents. The principle is to keep the price as low as possible within the range we can afford. How can I win the bid if I can guarantee a low price? How low is it, that is, according to the owner's cost forecast, we will definitely lose money. But anyway, we won the bid! I'm tired today, so I won't talk about it. Next class, I will explain whether the bid will be scrapped. Summary of this lesson: Do a good job in bidding documents, and an experienced budgeter will bring you unexpected benefits. The fifth lecture on winning the bid (4) The central content of this lecture is mainly about the abolition of the four bids. Once the bidding is cancelled, it means that everything we have done before is in vain and we are unconditionally kicked out of the house. No matter how much money you spend, how many people you hire and how low your bid is, it's all in vain. Every time I pass the bidding office, I always have an impulse to look at the meeting room inside, to see if the wall of the meeting room was really smashed out of the pit by the unfortunate contractor brothers, and to see if the wall was dried up by the blood sprayed by the unfortunate contractor. There are many reasons for nullifying the bid, only a few of which are common, but even veterans will inevitably make low-level mistakes. I am ashamed to say that the highest proportion, the bidding documents can not exist or imply the contents of the name of the bidding unit, which is basic common sense, and our contractor brothers have repeatedly committed crimes, and we are really worried about the wall of the conference room! The other is that some main materials don't quote, which actually has a lucky problem. If you don't quote, you can get through, and then it's not up to us! The key is to get what you want. As for whether you can get what you want, there is to study again. A senior contractor failed in bidding and didn't want to look for someone everywhere, so he said, "It's not easy to find fault with him if the lowest price is abolished!" It is not known whether the contractor will succeed in the end, but at least it shows that the bid opening process is controllable to some extent! The question is how to control it? Then we must find the right way. The owner will organize bidding, and the bidding office will conduct expert review and supervision. The local common practice is that the owner has no right to vote in order to avoid suspicion during the bid opening process, so the experts have the right to decide. Experts are randomly selected by the bidding office from the expert database composed of local senior industry professionals. In order to avoid the management of experts by our contractors, the list of experts will not be decided until the morning of the bid opening, and the opportunities of experts will be confiscated after they attend the meeting. However, don't underestimate the energy of our contractors. Know a bid evaluation expert and tell me a bid opening experience. The first call I received in the morning was from a contractor I met once, telling me that I was selected to participate in the tender that day and asked him for help. Experts don't believe it and think it's wrong. After a while, the bidding office called him and the experts were speechless. . . In a word, a senior contractor can make experts our winning weight. Now come back to discuss the problem of unbalanced quotation. The former "BUO 80" TX said that it was for this purpose and should have more say. The key to unbalanced quotation is to have a degree, and the quotation should not be too outrageous. This is the key. We can't say that our price for one ton of cement in 300 yuan is 1 1,000 yuan. So you can't report the main materials too dark, otherwise it will be a disaster. As for the rationality of the quotation, I don't know if there is a standard. I have to ask Buou. As far as I know, there seems to be no, but special materials, especially opaque market prices, are good things for us to make a big fuss about.