Enterprise loans provide financial support for enterprises, which refers to the use of bank funds to earn profits that exceed bank interest (that is, to make greater profits by exerting financial leverage) or to use loans to stop enterprise losses. The stop-loss price is much higher than the bank interest.
1. For the enterprise itself, enterprise loans can provide rich financial support and better reserve raw materials. Sell your own products and expand the scale of production. Win a bigger market. For enterprises with cash flow difficulties, the greatest significance of loans is to ease the current economic pressure of enterprises and help them tide over the difficulties.
2. Loans can also supplement the cash flow of enterprises. In fact, cash flow will be much more important than profit for investment and the overall operation of enterprises. Just like many companies have no profits, or even if the book losses are serious, as long as the cash flow is sufficient at this time, enterprises can still survive normally. On the other hand, even if the profits on the books of an enterprise are high, its cash flow is seriously insufficient, and the enterprise may not survive at this time.
3. There are two kinds of common loans:
(1) Commercial loan: calculation formula of equal principal and interest: 2,356.78 yuan per month; The calculation formula of average capital: the first month's repayment is 28,965,438 yuan +0.67 yuan, and then the monthly reduction is about 6.8 yuan RMB.
(2) Provident fund loan: equal principal and interest: 265,438+008.0438+0 yuan RMB per month; Average capital: RMB 2,479,438+07 will be paid in the first month, and RMB 4.5 yuan will be increased every month thereafter.
1. In China, listed companies are divided into China companies listed on China Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange; Chinese mainland companies (such as Hongkong Stock Exchange, new york Stock Exchange, Nasdaq Stock Exchange, London Stock Exchange, etc. ) that is, direct access to the China Stock Exchange, indirect establishment of offshore companies by China companies and listing of listed companies on overseas stock exchanges.
2. Listing refers to the term of the stock market. In a narrow sense, initial public offering (IPO) refers to the process that a company first issues additional shares to investors through the stock exchange to raise funds for its development. When a large number of investors subscribe for new shares, they need to draw lots, that is, draw new shares. Investors who subscribe hope to sell at a price higher than the subscription price.
3. Listing rules have the following requirements for stock issuance and listing: the first-level access condition is the listing condition. That is, innovative listed companies listed on the New Third Board 12 months or more meet the listing conditions such as expected market value and financial standards, and are registered in China and listed on the Beijing Stock Exchange. For the public offering of unqualified investors, the proportion of listed shareholders meets the corresponding requirements.
Use of loans
The purpose of the loan refers to the specific destination of the loan. It reflects which aspect of capital demand the loan is used to solve in production and business activities, which production factors the loan is combined with, and which part of the reproduction process the loan is used for.
I. Use of corporate loans:
The current loan is mainly used for the capital demand of inventory and fixed assets renovation. From the liquidity point of view, industrial enterprise loans are mainly used for raw material reserves, in-process products and finished goods inventory capital needs. Commercial enterprise loans are mainly used for the capital needs of commodity inventory and the capital needs of industrial and commercial enterprises in the process of commodity sales. From the point of view of fixed funds, it is mainly used for the capital demand of enterprise's technological progress and equipment renewal, the capital demand of enterprise's new construction, transformation and expansion, and the capital demand of enterprise's scientific and technological development (including part of working capital). In the field of consumption, it is mainly used for the capital demand generated by the purchase of civil commercial housing and automobiles.
Two. Personal loan purpose:
What is the purpose of personal loan?
When encountering financial problems, many people will choose to apply for personal loans. So, what is the purpose of personal loan? I'll introduce it to you today.
[If! SupportLists] 1, [endif] Personal consumption loan refers to the behavior that citizens with certain income apply for a loan from the bank for the purpose of consumption, provide certain guarantee, repay the loan at maturity and pay interest. It mainly includes: personal durable consumer goods loans, personal housing decoration loans, personal student loans, personal travel loans, automobile consumption loans and other business varieties.
[If! Support list ]2. [endif] Personal comprehensive consumption loan refers to the loan that banks give to individuals without specifying specific purposes in order to further meet their increasingly diversified consumption needs.
[If! Support list ]3. [endif] Credit card overdraft loan means that when the credit card account balance is less than the amount needed for consumption or shopping, the credit card holder automatically gives the required loan amount according to the limit agreed by the bank and the cardholder in advance.
[If! Support list ]4. [endif] Personal housing loans refer to loans issued by banks to borrowers for purchasing ordinary housing for their own use.
[If! Support list ]5. [endif] Individual refers to the loan that the borrower provides the corresponding pledge to the bank as a guarantee according to the loan amount. When the borrower's cash flow is insufficient to repay the loan, the bank will exercise the right to dispose of the pledge.
6. Personal credit loans refer to RMB credit loans issued by banks or other financial institutions to borrowers with good credit without providing guarantees. Based on personal credit and repayment ability, the loan amount will generally not exceed 1-200,000, and the loan term is1-2 years.
Copyright statement: This article is taken from the online article: the use of loans.
What can be used for business loans?
The purpose of commercial loans:
1. The operating loan can be used for the legitimate production and operation activities and necessary mobility of the borrower, purchase and update the operating equipment, pay the expenses for leasing the business premises such as office buildings, and be used for the decoration of the business premises.
2. Loans to advantageous business sectors, including manufacturing, wholesale, retail and logistics, will be encouraged, while other sectors that are not allowed, including real estate development, land reserve, high energy consumption and high pollution, will be banned.
3. The banks that provide commercial loans include China Merchants Bank's commercial loans, old customer credit loans, pos merchant loans, supply and marketing loans, ICBC's online loan links, Bank of Communications' exhibition links, Ping An Bank's commercial loan links, and China Everbright Bank's "Sunshine Student Aid".
Business loans can be applied according to the needs of your current business situation. Usually, commercial loans are financing products for some small and medium-sized enterprises, micro-enterprises and private enterprises, which can help borrowers complete relevant approvals and lend money in a short time, and have flexible advantages.
Requirements for corporate tax loans:
1, business license registered and actually operated 1-2 years or more;
2. The total tax (such as value-added tax and income tax) paid by the enterprise for one year in a row reaches 1 000 or more;
3. There has been no change of enterprise legal person in the past six months;
4. Enterprises must have actual business premises; (Pre-checkpoints are also used)
Applicant requests
1, generally required age 18-65 years old;
2. General legal person applications or shareholder applications account for more than 20% of the shares, and some banks also accept applications from shareholders (generally accounting for more than 20% of the shares) or actual controllers!
Tax requirements
Tax grade standard * * *: A/B/C/D/M has five grades. At present, most banks require A or B when applying for tax loans, and a few banks can accept M or C (the probability of passing is very low, but the new enterprise has a tax grade of M, and the enterprise is in good operating condition, with a large tax payment and little impact).
Why do enterprises need loans? The reason why enterprises want loans
Why do enterprises need loans? Enterprise loan refers to a way for an enterprise to borrow money from banks or other financial institutions at a prescribed interest rate and time limit for production and operation. Enterprise loans are mainly used for large-scale long-term investments such as the purchase and construction of fixed assets and technical transformation.
The reason why enterprises want loans
1. Enterprises often face the situation of broken capital flow in their operations. At the same time, the problem of deceleration has seriously affected the normal operation of some enterprises, thus accelerating the decline of enterprises. The effective way is to solve this dilemma through loans, which is one of the important reasons why enterprises need loans.
2. Due to the heavy corporate tax burden, banks often consider this issue when some small enterprises apply for loans. The average tax rate of enterprises exceeds 40%, which leads to an important part of the business difficulties of enterprises, not only facing the problem of capital cut-off, but also considering the relevant tax rates, further aggravating the economic crisis of enterprises.
3. Cost pressure is also a factor for enterprises to apply for loans from banks. Many enterprises, especially the customer groups of small and medium-sized enterprises, are often affected by the rising labor costs, which is even worse for enterprises that are already considering development during the talent shortage period. This requires a lot of financial support, and often enterprises will consider loans. In addition, the difficulty of financing is also a problem worthy of our high attention.
What purpose can the enterprise working capital loan be used for?
Enterprise working capital loans can be used for:
1. If the enterprise uses working capital loans, it can effectively reduce the financial cost of the enterprise, because the interest of enterprise loans can be deducted before tax, thus reducing the tax base.
2. When applying for a working capital loan, this amount will not become the personal debt of the business owner, and you can apply for a mortgage smoothly.
3. After applying for a working capital loan, business owners can borrow and repay within the time and amount stipulated by the bank, which greatly increases the flexibility in the use of funds.
Working capital loans shall not be used for fixed assets, equity and other investments. , shall not be used in areas and uses prohibited by the state.
The working capital loan shall not be misappropriated, and the lender shall inspect and supervise the use of the working capital loan as stipulated in the contract.
In-depth interpretation of the provisions on the use of working capital loans
First, the lender is also a commercial bank and other financial institutions, and the borrower is the legal representative of the enterprise or the person in charge of other organizations. When a borrower applies for a working capital loan from a bank, it is necessary for the bank to reach an agreement with him on the use of the bank loan.
Second, generally speaking, the purpose of working capital loans is to be used for the daily production and operation of borrowers. Can not be used for fixed assets, equity and other investments. , and can not be used in the production and operation fields and uses prohibited by the state. If it is not used according to the agreed purpose, it will be liable for breach of contract, and serious banks will recover the loan.
Third, the borrower cannot misappropriate the working capital loan at will, and the bank has the responsibility to supervise the borrower to use the loan funds according to the agreed purpose. If the bank fails to fulfill its responsibilities, the China Banking Regulatory Commission, namely the China Banking Regulatory Commission, will punish the bank according to the Banking Supervision Law of the People's Republic of China.
Extended data:
Advantages of enterprise working capital loan:
First of all, working capital loans can reduce the financial costs of small companies.
The advantage of working capital loan for small companies is that if working capital loan for small companies is adopted, the financial cost of the company can be reduced accordingly, because the interest on corporate loans can be deducted from the entry cost before tax, thus reducing the tax base.
Moreover, the working life of working capital loan has a wide choice range, which can be 1 year or 5 years. In addition, the repayment method is also more flexible. If it is 1 year, you can also choose to repay the principal and interest in one lump sum, which is convenient.
Second, the enterprise working capital loan does not affect the boss's personal purchase.
As a convenient loan, the working capital loan of a small company, although the mortgagor is the owner of the company, there is no loan relationship between the mortgagor and the bank, and the loan does not belong to the mortgagor's personal liabilities. If the company boss wants to buy a house again and apply for a mortgage loan, the above loan will not have any impact.
Three, flexible use of corporate liquidity loans
The working capital loan method has many advantages over applying for a business start-up loan in the boss's personal name: if the business owner applies for a business start-up loan from the bank with his own property as collateral, his monthly repayment amount is relatively high.
Banks will also be more strict in reviewing the boss's personal income. They cannot repay the principal and interest in one lump sum, but must repay the money on a monthly basis. For the purpose of using loans for working capital, the financial pressure is relatively high.
Corporate working capital loans are different. The continuous use of working capital during the loan period maintained the continuity of working capital. Simplifying financial management and financing management is helpful for enterprises to grasp operating efficiency and indirectly promote the increase of benefits.
Moreover, the maximum loan amount for small companies with real estate as collateral is 65% of the assessed price, which is not limited by the purchase price at that time.