Section 1 Main Rules of Track and Field Competition
The rules of track and field competition are the law enforcement basis of the referee's work. To ensure the contestants to compete fairly within the rules, the referee must master the rules.
I. General rules of competition
(1) Wear shoes: Athletes can wear shoes barefoot, with one foot or with both feet. Spliced shoes and spiked shoes: 4,9, 1 25mm, 1 1,1strap.
(2) Number: Athletes must wear the number, otherwise they are not allowed to participate in the competition. Number distribution: large numbers before and after, decimal numbers, and side numbers. High jumpers and pole vaulters are allowed to take 1.
(3) Concurrent events: If an athlete participates in a track event and a field event at the same time, or participates in multiple field events at the same time, the relevant referee may allow the athlete to try (throw) the jump in a certain round of competition or in each round of trial jump of high jump or pole vault, in a different order from the pre-competition lottery. If the athlete later decides not to take part in the trial jump (throw), it's his turn to try.
(4) Help: Athletes are not allowed to provide or accept help, such as running companions or technical guidance.
1. The following situations are not considered helpful:
(1) Athletes communicate with coaches outside the competition area. In order to promote this exchange and not interfere with the competition, seats should be reserved for the coaches of participating athletes in the stands nearest to the venue of each field event.
(2) Necessary medical examination, treatment and/or physical therapy can be given to athletes in the competition area, so that athletes can participate in or continue to participate in the competition. Such medical examination, treatment and/or physical therapy can be carried out by medical personnel designated by the Organizing Committee wearing armbands or vests or other obvious clothing in the competition area, or by registered medical personnel in the medical area specially approved by medical representatives or technical representatives outside the competition area. However, the progress of the competition must not be delayed, or the athletes should try to jump or throw in the established order. Once an athlete leaves the newspaper office, if anyone else gives such care or treatment to the athlete during or before the competition, it will be regarded as helping the athlete.
2. The following situations should be regarded as providing help to athletes and should be prohibited:
(1) In running or walking races, non-competitors, those who have been or will be surpassed provide speed distribution assistance, or use any other technical equipment.
(2) Athletes own or use video recorders, cassette recorders, radios, CD players, wireless communicators, mobile phones or similar equipment in the competition venue.
The relevant referee should give a warning to any athlete who provides or receives help in the competition or in the competition area, and inform him that if he commits another crime, he will be disqualified from the competition. If an athlete is subsequently disqualified from the event, his performance in this round of events will be considered invalid. However, the previous results are effective.
(5) Measurement unit: the measurement of the results of any field events is in L cm, and the measurement distance is less than L cm. In the high jump and pole vault, all measurements should be vertical from the ground to the lowest point of the upper edge of the crossbar.
(six) the ranking judgment and the ranking judgment when the results are equal.
1. track race
(1) judging in the same group: the ranking order of track events should be determined by the order along the vertical plane after any part of the athlete's trunk (excluding head, neck, arms, hands, legs and feet) touches the finish line.
(2) Determination of different groups: When the track events are ranked last according to the results, in any competition, when the results judged by hand timing are equal, it should be treated as explained l/l00 seconds. If the results are still equal, the athletes concerned should be arranged to enter the next competition. If the actual conditions do not allow, they should draw lots to decide who will enter the next game.
(3) Final referee: In the final, the runner-up scored equally, and the referee has the right to decide the athletes with equal scores to compete again; If you can't play the semi-finals, the ranking will be tied. When other rankings are equal, the rankings are tied.
2. Field events
In the competition, the best L score of six attempts to jump or throw is regarded as the highest personal score (including the ranking when the first place is equal), and then the athletes are ranked according to the highest score.
In field events, if the results are equal, the ranking should be judged by the second best result. If the second best result is still equal, the third best result will be judged, and so on. If they are still equal and involve the first place, athletes with equal scores are allowed to make a new round of trial jump (throwing) in the original competition order until the ranking is decided.
3. Field events
In the competition, the final score is the height of each athlete's last attempt (including the ranking match determined by the equal result of the first place), and then the ranking is arranged.
When the field results are equal, adopt the following methods:
(l) Among the heights with equal scores, the one with fewer attempts ranks first.
(2) If the results are still equal, the person who fails with fewer attempts, including the height of the last jump, ranks first in the whole competition.
(3) If the results are still equal, involving the first place, the athletes with equal results are allowed to try again for l times at their failure height or the lowest height (without jumping). If you still can't decide, then raise or lower the crossbar. The high jump is 2 cm and the pole vault is 5 cm high. They should try to jump l times at each height until they decide on the ranking. The athletes concerned must take part in the trial jump to decide the ranking. When it comes to other rankings, athletes with equal scores rank side by side.
Example:
The number of failures in jumping height determines the ranking of jumping.
1.70 1.75 1.80 1.84 1.88 1.9 1 1.9 1 1.93 1.9 1
AOXOOXOXOXXX 3 3
b-XO-XOXOXXX 3 3
c-XOXOXOOXXX 3 xox 2
d-XOXOXOOXXX 3XOO 1
EOOOOXXOXXX 4 5
f-oxoxoxoxoxxxx 4 6
4. All-around sports competition
Ranked according to the sum of all athletes' scores.
If the total scores of all-around sports competitions are equal, those with more individual scores will rank first. If there is still no result, the winner will be the one with the highest single score.
(7) Protest: Protests against athletes' qualifications should be submitted to the Arbitration Commission before the start of the conference. If there is no arbitration commission, it shall be submitted to the presiding arbitrator. Protests involving the execution or implementation of the project shall be submitted to the arbitration commission in writing within 30 minutes after the official announcement of the execution.
(8) There are records.
1, track: It is recognized that many people compete in a record.
2. Field events: Many people set records in the same round.
Second, the main rules of track events
(1) Damage to interests: When an athlete pushes, bumps, steps on his shoes or blocks others, which prevents the athlete from walking or running in, he will be disqualified. After this happens, the track referee has the right to let the disqualified athletes compete again. If it happens in the preliminaries, the injured athletes can take part in the next competition.
(2) Crossing the runway: According to the report of the referee, inspector or other personnel, the runway referee confirmed that an athlete ran out of his own runway, so he was disqualified. If an athlete runs out of his lane on a straight, or runs out of the outer lane of his lane on a curve, he has not gained any practical benefit from it and has not stopped other athletes. He has crossed the finish line in his lane and should not be disqualified.
(3) Marking: Athletes are not allowed to make helpful marks on the runway or place marks along the runway, except for road separation relay races. Marks are usually tape provided by the conference.
(4) Leave the runway without authorization: In the middle and long distance race, athletes leave the runway without authorization or leave the race route without authorization in the road race, and may not continue the race.
(5) First foul: Give a warning to the athletes who commit the first foul, and then disqualify them for each first foul. At the beginning of the all-around track event, the starter should be warned of the first foul of the athlete; The second foul will disqualify you.
(6) Starting password: At the beginning of each track race of 400 meters and below, the starter's password is "Take your positions" and "Ready". When the athletes are "ready", they can fire. For events over 400 meters, only when all the athletes are stable can they use the password of "take your positions" to fire.
(7) Hurdling foul:
1, the athlete's feet or legs are lower than the horizontal plane at the top of the hurdle at the moment of crossing the hurdle;
2. Step over others' hurdles;
3. The referee thinks that he intends to push down the railing with his hands or feet;
4. Arms or other parts of the body leave their own lanes and affect others;
5. Affecting others due to falling;
6. When going downhill on a curve, step on the left lane with a straddle or swinging leg.
Those who have the above circumstances should be disqualified. In addition to the above circumstances, you may not be disqualified for knocking down the hurdles.
(8) Relay foul:
1, the athlete didn't finish the race with the baton;
2. The player who dropped the stick didn't pick it up;
3. The baton is not transferred in the relay area and the baton (the baton is transferred and the baton is transferred only when it reaches the baton holder; Whether it is in the relay area or not depends only on the position of the baton. );
4. After passing the ball, the player runs in the wrong position or runs out of the fairway to hinder other players;
5.4X400 relay, the second place did not cross the lane to grab the line and cut into the lane;
In the 6.4X400-meter relay, athletes No.3 and No.4 arbitrarily change the position arranged by the referee or block other athletes in the relay area (according to the order when the relay runners of the same team run 200 meters, their respective relay orders are arranged from the inside out, and the starting position of the relay area shall not be changed);
7. After getting help, the catcher ran in.
In any of the above circumstances, the team will be disqualified.
(9) Walking unexpectedly: Walking unexpectedly means that your feet keep touching the ground and move forward. At each step, the front foot must keep in contact with the ground before the rear foot leaves the ground. When the support leg is in the vertical position, it must be straight for at least one moment (that is, the knee must not bend).
Timing: Timing should start from seeing the starting gun smoke or flash, to the moment when any part of the athlete's trunk touches the finish line, and then follow the vertical plane.
1. The measurement unit of hand timing results is: all track results kept on the track should be converted into l/l0 seconds, and all or part of track results kept outside the track should be converted into whole seconds. If three tables are used to calculate the results, the results of these two tables shall prevail when the results of the three tables are the same, the intermediate results shall prevail when the times of the three tables are different, and the difference results shall prevail when the results of the two tables are not equal.
2. When electric timing is used, races below 10000m and 10000m should be judged as1100s on the photo of the finish line, and the unit for recording results is1100s. When11000 seconds is not zero, the track events held on the runway shall be rounded to the nearest110 seconds, and the results shall be recorded in the unit of110 seconds. If the time of 20000m is 59: 26.32, it should be recorded as 59: 26.4. The time of all track events held partially or completely outside the venue should be interpreted as1100 seconds. When the last two digits of the interpretation time are not zero, it should be rounded to the nearest second. If the marathon time is 2: 09: 44.32, it should be recorded as 2: 09: 45.
Third, the main rules of field events
(1) Time limit: The referee informs the athletes that everything is ready and the trial jump (throwing) begins. The time limit for this trial jump (throw) should be counted from this moment. In general, the following time limits should not be exceeded:
Time limit for individual and all-around events (unit: minutes)
The number of athletes who are still participating in the competition is single and all-round.
High jump, pole vault, etc.
More than 3 people1111
2-3 people1.5211.521
1 person 352 * 3 *
Continuous jump (throw) 232232
* The trial jump time given here is only applicable to the case that there is only one athlete left and the previous trial jump is also that athlete.
A clock should be set to show the athletes the remaining time. In addition, the referee should continue to raise the yellow flag or signal in other ways within the time limit of 15 seconds.
(2) Unreasonable delay: after being informed that I am trying to jump (throw), I delay the prescribed time limit without reason, which is regarded as failure. If it is delayed without reason again, it will be disqualified from continuing the competition, but all previous achievements are still valid.
(3) Lifting plan: The lifting range of the crossbar in each round of height events shall not be less than 2cm (the height of pole vault is 5cm), and the lifting range of the crossbar shall not be increased. When there are only L athletes left in the competition, and he has won the championship of the competition, he should seek the opinions of the athletes and then determine the lifting range of the crossbar.
(4) Some rules of high jump:
1. At any altitude, as long as three consecutive attempts fail, you will be disqualified from continuing the competition.
2. Athletes can start jumping at any height in the pre-announced plan to raise the crossbar, or decide whether to avoid jumping at any height in the future.
3, foul situation:
(1) Jump with both feet;
(2) After the trial jump, the crossbar failed to stay on the crossbar bracket because of the athletes' actions during the trial jump;
(3) Before crossing the crossbar, any part of the body touches the ground or falling area between the vertical poles and outside the vertical plane of the extension line of the crossbar. In the trial jump, if the athlete touches the area with one foot and the referee thinks that he has not benefited from it, it should not be judged as a failure in the trial jump.
(4) Those who exceed the time limit.
(V) Number and sequence of trial jumps (throws) in field events: If there are more than 8 athletes, each athlete can try jumps (throws) for 3 times, and the top 8 athletes with effective trial jumps (throws) can try jumps (throws) for 3 times. If the eighth place is equal, all athletes with equal scores can try to jump (throw) three times. If there are only 8 people or less, each person can try (throw) 6 times. Before the last three rounds and the last 1 round, the order should be reversed according to the advantages and disadvantages of the previous results.
(six) in the long jump competition, if one of the following circumstances occurs, it is judged that the trial jump has failed:
L, any part of the athlete's body touches the ground before taking off in the run-up or jumping action;
2. Take off from both ends of the springboard, regardless of whether it exceeds the jumper's extension line;
3. Touch the ground outside the landing area when landing, and the contact outside the area is closer to the jumper than the nearest contact in the area;
4. Contact the ground between the jumper and the landing zone;
5. After completing the trial jump, walk backwards out of the landing zone;
6. There are somersaults;
7. Over time.
Note: The following situations are not considered as foul:
1, it is not a foul for an athlete to run out of the white marking line of the run-up lane at any position;
2. If the athlete's feet or a part of his shoes touch the ground behind the jumper outside the two ends of the springboard, it is not a foul;
3. If any part of the athlete's body touches the ground outside the area during the landing, it is not a foul, unless the first contact place is the same as item (3) of this paragraph;
4. If the athlete leaves the landing area in the right way, and then crosses the landing area backwards, it is not a foul.
(7) Relevant rules of triple jump: The order of triple jump is one-leg jump, step jump and jump. One-legged jump landed with the take-off leg, and striding jump landed with the other leg (swinging leg). Athletes cannot try to jump by swinging their legs and touching the ground. Other rules are the same as long jump.
(8) Fouls in throwing events:
1, athletes must try throwing in the specified run-up lane or throwing circle;
2. Athletes must start throwing from a static position when entering the circle;
3. No part of the body may touch the ground outside the ring or the upper edge of the iron ring (including the upper edge of the toe plate of the shot put);
4. The way of throwing instruments is not in conformity with the regulations (for example, the shot put shall not be placed behind the shoulder shaft);
5. Athletes can only leave the throwing circle after the equipment falls to the ground;
6. When leaving the throwing ring, the upper edge of the iron ring or the ground outside the ring must be completely behind the white line outside the ring;
7. The throwing equipment must completely fall on the inner edge of the angle line of the landing zone (34.92).
(9) Some situations that should be stopped in throwing events:
1, wrap your fingers with tape or bandage;
2. Use gloves;
3. Spray any substance on the circle or sole.
(10) Measurement of distance items: After each effective trial throw, it should be measured immediately, from the straight line between the nearest point where the instrument touches the ground and the center of the circle to the inner edge of the throwing circle. Javelin should be measured from the connecting line from the first drop point of spear tip to the center of throwing arc to the inner edge of throwing arc.
(eleven) some provisions on the javelin project:
1. When throwing javelin, the hand should be held at the handle and thrown from the shoulder or above the throwing arm. No throwing is allowed;
2. Before the javelin is released, the body shall not completely turn back to the throwing arc;
3. Only when the metal tip of javelin hits the ground before other parts of the gun, the test throw is effective;
4. After the athlete begins to try throwing, no part of his body may touch the ground outside the throwing arc, approach and approach boundary;