What impact does the commercialization of temples have on the development and inheritance of Buddhist culture?

At present, the temple chaos in China is mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1, and the listing of famous mountains refers to the listing of religious venues as corporate assets. Articles 30, 3 1 and 32 of the Regulations on Religious Affairs clearly stipulate that religious groups and sites for religious activities shall enjoy their legally owned property rights and land use rights, which shall be protected by law and shall not be occupied by any organization or individual. Once the temple is allowed to be listed, the temple property will become the property of shareholders in disguise, illegally encroaching on the legal property of the Buddhist community and illegally depriving the Buddhist community of its material basis for self-support. 2. Temple contracting: refers to the investment or contracting of temples by enterprises or individuals. If the temple is allowed to contract, and the management and use rights of the temple are controlled by non-religious faculty, it will turn the temple into a commercial place, and the normal religious activities will lose the venue guarantee, which violates the fundamental principle of "independence and self-management" of our religion. 3. Pretending of monks and nuns: refers to pretending to be Buddhist clergy to engage in illegal religious activities and make illegal profits. Legal religious activities shall be presided over by religious personnel recognized by religious groups and carried out in registered places of religious activities in accordance with religious habits. False monks and nuns take advantage of people's ignorance and blind obedience to religious knowledge, seize and demand other people's property by various despicable means such as coaxing, bullying and connivance, and fool people's beliefs and feelings, which not only seriously tarnishes the purity of Buddhism, but also may become a hotbed of other serious illegal and criminal acts. 4. Burning sky-high incense, setting up a private merit box and drawing lots: "Burning sky-high incense" is to induce believers to buy sky-high incense. "Setting up a merit box without permission" refers to illegally setting up a merit box in a non-religious activity place and illegally collecting religious donations from believers. "Divination by drawing lots" is a profit-making behavior that violates Buddhist teachings. These three problems are all related to the illegal development of religious business projects, which directly endanger the vital interests of the broad masses of religious believers. Article 39 of the Regulations on Religious Affairs stipulates: "Those who infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of religious groups, places of religious activities and religious citizens shall bear civil liability according to law; If it constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law. " Religious business projects and profit-making business projects should be clearly distinguished. Religious business projects should embody religious teachings, with the main purpose of meeting the religious needs of religious believers, and shall not seek profiteering. 5. In addition, temple chaos also includes (1) places for non-religious activities and non-religious groups engaged in religious activities. (2) Places for non-religious activities and non-religious groups accept religious donations. (3) Profit from teaching. (4) borrowing money to teach. These acts seriously violate the regulations on religious affairs and should be severely investigated by the relevant departments. Article 43 of the Regulations on Religious Affairs stipulates: "Non-religious organizations and places for non-religious activities organize, hold religious activities and accept religious donations, and the religious affairs department shall order them to stop their activities; Illegal income, confiscate the illegal income; If the circumstances are serious, you can impose a fine of 1 times and 3 times the illegal income. " Article 45 stipulates: "Those who pretend to be religious personnel to carry out religious activities shall be ordered by the religious affairs department to stop their activities; Illegal income, confiscate the illegal income; Those who violate the administration of public security shall be given administrative penalties for public security according to law; If it constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law. " 6, 20 12, 10 The State Bureau of Religious Affairs, the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Culture, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, the National Tourism Administration, the China Securities Regulatory Commission, National Cultural Heritage Administration and other departments jointly issued the Opinions on Dealing with the Management of Buddhist Temples and Taoist Temples (Guo Zongfa [20/kloc- In the early days of the founding of New China, temples were listed as "socially owned". After the reform and opening up, there are some vague areas in the ownership of Buddhist temple real estate, and there are two different angles of understanding: "state ownership" and "collective ownership of monks and nuns" At present, the Regulations on Religious Affairs clearly stipulates that houses of religious groups and places for religious activities can be registered with real estate ownership according to law. However, due to various reasons, most of the 33,000 places for religious activities in Buddhism have not yet been handled, which has caused great passivity in safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of the Buddhist community and should be resolved as soon as possible. Second, the definition of famous Buddhist mountains and scenic spots. Many famous Buddhist temples are almost closely connected with scenic spots in geographical location, too close, and some Buddhist temples are even surrounded by scenic spots. This cross-chaotic layout has forced many pilgrims to spend money on tourism (such as tickets) and many tourists to spend money on religion (such as incense), which is particularly prominent in famous Buddhist temples and needs to be properly solved by relevant departments. An ideal way is to effectively separate the temple as a place for religious activities from the adjacent scenic spots and make it operate independently, so as to give full play to the functions of religious services and tourism services, which will help straighten out the relationship between temples and scenic spots. Third, the temple actively contracted. The phenomenon of "being contracted" is mainly aimed at the contracting behavior that violates the subjective will of Buddhism. However, some temples that have become places for religious activities want to take the initiative to hand over the temples to outside enterprises or individuals for management and collect a large contract fee themselves. This commercialization of religion is a great harm to the purity and public welfare of Buddhism, which seriously deviates from the basic spirit of the Regulations on Religious Affairs and the Opinions, and the religious affairs department should stop and correct it in time. Fourth, temples that are places for non-religious activities operate religious business projects. Some enterprises or individuals build temples privately for tourism and economic purposes. This kind of temple is neither registered as a place for religious activities, nor a fixed Buddhist abbot, and has no connection with religious circles, but it has carried out some religious business projects and even has certain religious functions, becoming a kind of "quasi-temple" or "quasi-religious activity place". Most of these "quasi-temples" have the support of some local government departments, which makes the local religious affairs departments beyond their reach, which is also the fundamental reason why the illegal operation of "quasi-temples" cannot be effectively supervised. According to the spirit of the Opinions, such "quasi-temples" should also be included in the scope of religious affairs management.