How did the Song government ensure the supply of such a large consumption? Of course I have to. Can you raise it faster than eating it? Then deal with the nomadic people in the north.
In the Northern Song Dynasty, the government set up grazing bases in Zhongmou, Luoyang and other places with abundant aquatic plants, and raised sheep in Tokyo. Cattle and sheep department? Supervision. And the cattle and sheep department should supplement it regularly. ? In April of the third year of Dazhong Xiangfu (AD 10 10), Zhaoniu Company raised 33,000 sheep every year. ?
Mutton was so popular in Song Dynasty, there were many factors.
First of all, from the historical tradition, since the Jin Dynasty moved south, the northern part was mostly ruled by the regime of nomadic people, and their eating habits, mainly eating mutton, influenced the Han nationality in the Central Plains.
Secondly, judging from the reality at that time, the Song Dynasty had a long-term confrontation with nomadic peoples such as Liao and Xixia, and all ethnic groups exchanged and influenced each other in diet. In the Northern Song Dynasty, silk, tea and other daily necessities were exchanged for a large number of sheep in Liao and Xixia.
Then, the theory of traditional Chinese medicine at that time contributed to the rise of eating sheep. In the Tang Dynasty, mutton was used for dietotherapy for a long time. By the Song Dynasty, the further development and popularity of dietotherapy had long been generally accepted. For example, Tang Shenwei's "Zheng Ben Cao" in the Northern Song Dynasty contains: Mutton? Buzhong Yiqi, peace of mind to stop the shock? .
Finally, almost all the meat consumption habits of the Northern Song Dynasty imperial court were mainly mutton. All the emperors in the Song Dynasty liked mutton very much, and they never got tired of it. Ancestor family law? The height of. "Continuing the mirror for the aged" contains: Lu Dafang, assistant minister of the Ministry of Housing, tells Song Zhezong about the ancestral family law. The diet is not expensive and smells bad, so the chef stops using mutton. This is the ancestral law, so it is peaceful. ?
Since ancient times, people often have? Upward? It is to imitate the living habits of people with higher status than themselves, and the eating habits of the emperor with the highest status in ancient times often become the action program of the ministers at the bottom and even ordinary people.
Although the consumption of mutton in Song Dynasty was large, these supplies were mostly limited to aristocratic bureaucrats or wealthy businessmen. In ancient times, mutton was not cheap. In ancient feudal society, mutton has always been the meat enjoyed by ruling bureaucrats, and ordinary people can hardly afford it.
Su Dongpo's younger brother, Su Zhe, is a deputy minister (Shangshu Zuocheng). What about Song Zhezong? Give a sheep a day? Su Zhe was tired of eating mutton, but Su Dongpo was banished to Huizhou at this time. Only one sheep is sold every day in the whole city, and all the citizens and most small officials are unwilling to buy it. At that time, Su Dongpo was so greedy that he could only chew up the bones on the neck of the sheep and cook them. I wonder if there is any relationship between sheep scorpion hot pot and Mr Dongpo. In a word, it can be seen that mutton was usually enjoyed by people with money or status in the Song Dynasty. In fact, mutton is not cheap now, but now people can afford it if they want. ......
Because it is scarce, it is doubly precious. In the development of diet in Song Dynasty, sheep also made the best use of everything and arranged it clearly.
For example, in the diet, the internal organs of sheep have always been regarded as the main ingredients. Treat most urine and emaciation, and eat Yangfei decoction. ? And Chen Zhi's "Endowment Letter" also contains:? Sheep liver soup formula, sheep liver, lamb tenderloin, yeast powder, wolfberry root, etc. Just before the mutton liver is rotten, cook it with Lycium barbarum juice, add a small cup of black beans, seven-stem onions, cut into pieces and mix the five flavors to make soup and eat it on an empty stomach. ? There are many records in Zheng He Sheng Ji Zong Lu, including cistanche deserticola, sheep kidney porridge, sheep back porridge and so on.
Other amniotic fluid is generally cooked food in the name of sheep that can be bought in the Song Dynasty, such as sheep intestines, sheep bellies, sheep blood, sheep bladder, goat milk room and so on.
In the upper class of Song Dynasty, mutton was cooked into many patterns. For example, there is one in the menu of the Song Dynasty? Fried sheep with wine? That is, cut the leg of lamb into large pieces, blanch it to remove blood, cook it until it is half cooked, simmer it with more materials, and then collect the juice with yellow wine.
Or blind? Burning sheep? It is said that Song Renzong likes to eat. Actually, it's today's roast mutton. When baking, he brushes oil and sprinkles spices. But in fact, this dish is hard to eat in the civilian class, because most of the seasonings used for barbecue have been exclusive to the upper class since ancient times, which I mentioned in my previous article on seasonings, so even if civilians have mutton, they can't bake it.
There is also a dish that Wang Anshi, a famous reformer in the Song Dynasty, loves to eat. Sheep head sign? The delicious thing is to cook the mutton, pick the meat from the sheep's face, cut it into filaments, wrap it in clean oil, fry it thoroughly in slurry, and cut it into a tube, which looks a lot, so it is named.
The emperor of the Song Dynasty is also famous for being kind to his ministers in history, so if you want to be a minister, you have to be kind to his stomach. Whenever the prime minister and deputy minister are on duty, the court will supply a kind of name? Taiguan sheep? Mutton pot: cut into large pieces with bone and meat, stewed thoroughly with ingredients, fragrant and delicious.
Therefore, mutton was not wasted in the hands of the Song Dynasty. Compared with the Jin people at that time, the cooking level of Jin people can only be said to stay at? Eat meat and drink blood? The degree of.
Zhou Ai, a scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty, was very excited before going to Jin State, because there was no shortage of sheep in Jin State, and it weighed a hundred kilograms at a time, which was big, fat and cheap. He thought he could have a big meal, but how did he know? It is very shy to wait on sheep in the morning and evening. Bitter and hard, with radish sauce. It stinks. Although the hotel serves mutton every day, it is hard and unpalatable, with a heavy taste and a foul smell.
Hong Hao, the minister of the Southern Song Dynasty, was also in the State of Jin. The Jin people wanted to treat them well with the above courtesy, so they invited an all-sheep banquet. When Hong Hao learned that he was happy, he could finally eat mutton to his heart's content. But when he reached the table, he was dumbfounded. Only a large pot of instant-boiled mutton and a whole piece of freshly peeled sheepskin. As for the taste, it goes without saying that only instant-boiled mutton can be delicious.
If Jin people go south to the Southern Song Dynasty and taste the mutton cooked by Song people in every way, they will definitely feel how much mutton is wasted and extravagant.