Song Taizong is a master of poisoning. Before he became emperor, he devoted himself to research and collected thousands of prescriptions. He poisoned the poison used by Li Yu and others after the Southern Tang Dynasty, which is called "morning medicine". After taking it, the whole body twitched and died like a prawn. This medicine was developed later. It is nux vomica. Its main components are brucine and brucine, which can destroy the central nervous system and is highly toxic and difficult to solve. More than a hundred years later, Song Huizong became emperor. He rode around the palace and found many poisons in an unknown warehouse. Song Huizong said on the spot, "If the minister really has unforgivable crimes, he should be clearly punished. Where can he do that? ! "And ordered the destruction.
"Water Margin" and "Xinlongmen Inn" both describe black shops that kill customers. This is really not an artistic exaggeration. Many hotels in the Song Dynasty really killed people and ate meat. In Zhizhi, there are several dens for killing people. "When the guest sleeps, he will pat his stomach with a spear. When he dies, he will push him into a cave, swallow some clothes, and then take the bacon to the market for sale." "When guests sleep, they will tie their mouths with towels and drag them back to the cellar to be buried alive" ... Is there a kind of reading?
Fake and shoddy also became a common practice in the Song Dynasty. The new main entrance, Xishuimen and Wanshengmen in Kaifeng in the Northern Song Dynasty were very developed in fishery, and thousands of tons of fish arrived every day. "Qingbo Magazine" records that the shrimps in Huainan are wrapped in mats in Beijing, which are not fresh enough and are dark and tasteless in Kyoto. Vendors soak in feces overnight, wash them off with water in the morning and sell them to customers.
There was a popular song in the Song Dynasty: "Zhejiang Youhua Pavilion, cheap and flat, will buy three liters ... This bottle weighs about three kilograms. You still don't believe me. Weigh yourself. There is a catty of wine, a catty of water and a catty of bottles. " Huating is now Shanghai. This song sings that Shanghai wine can always buy three catties of paper money. In fact, the bottle alone weighs one kilogram, and there is one kilogram of mixed water.
In the Song Dynasty, the commercial service industry was developed, and there was a special organization to host banquets and banquets for the people, which was called "four divisions and six bureaus" with a particularly fine division of labor. The accounting department is responsible for all kinds of furnishings, and the tea and wine department is responsible for tea soup, hot wine, seating arrangement and welcoming guests. The kitchen department is responsible for cooking, and the desk department is responsible for sending cups, cups and vegetables. The fruit bureau, honey frying bureau and vegetable bureau are responsible for the supply and transportation of the three kinds of food, while the oil candle bureau, incense medicine bureau and scheduling bureau are responsible for the lamps, candles, spices and cleaning afterwards. Now the take-away service in Haidilao is not as good as it was then.
Now the southern part of Guangdong and Guangxi, called Guangxi in the Song Dynasty, belongs to a less civilized place. People there have a custom that if a pregnant woman gives birth to a boy, all her relatives and friends will come to eat the placenta. It is recorded in the history books that it is necessary to "finely cut, and five flavors are fried." Ask the person you love to go to the party and buy wine. "If you don't give it to any relatives and friends, it will generally cause family disputes.
In the Song Dynasty, it was common for literati to keep concubines. There is a kind of concubines that are rented, similar to keeping lovers now. Need to sign a contract-someone has to stay with someone for several years, and someone has to pay someone's family how much. When the contract expires, people will be returned.
There was also Mandarin in the Song Dynasty, and the local dialects in Luoyang and Kaifeng were all Mandarin at that time. There are subtle differences between the two places. Although Kaifeng is the capital, the upper class generally thinks that Luoyang accent is the most orthodox and cultural.
Just as Beijing dialect and Putonghua are not completely the same, so is Kaifeng dialect in Song Dynasty. There is a military wife in Kaifeng, and her husband has gone to guard the border. He asked a scholar to write a letter to her husband. Their son's name is Kulair. She told the scholar: "Just write: Kulair's mother sent a message to Kulair's grandfather. Since his death, Kulair has always hated his son, and Ghent laughs and dances every day. "Don't eat warm food to support the substrate." The scholar raised his pen for a long time and sighed, "Sister-in-law, I'll give you this money back. I really can't write this letter. "
The "National Holiday Office" in Song Dynasty belongs to the ancestral hall, and the annual holiday is *** 100 days, of which 10 days are 36 days. At that time, there was no concept of "week". Officially, one day off every 10 day is called "ten days off". Other Tomb-Sweeping Day, Mid-Autumn Festival, Saint's Day and so on all have holidays, and different occupations give different holidays. However, everything is getting easier and easier. In the Southern Song Dynasty, some officials made statistics and found that officials all over the country took vacations for more than half a month.
In the TV series about the Song Dynasty, bullies love a flower on their heads. In fact, this is not the patent of local ruffians and hooligans. Both men and women wore flowers in the Song Dynasty, especially men. Every time the emperor holds a banquet, he will personally wear flowers for his favorite ministers, and other ministers will also send flowers and wear them themselves. The emperor himself wears flowers, and every time Song Huizong goes out, he wears a hat to ride a horse with a hairpin, and his attendants and guards all wear flowers.
People in Shanghai call people "cannibals". I wonder if it was handed down from the Song Dynasty. In the Northern Song Dynasty, they called soldiers "Chilao" because the uniforms in the Northern Song Dynasty were red.
Let's enjoy a foreign language poem written by the Song Dynasty: "Take swallows away from home, watch home stickers, bid farewell to three horses, and give ten raccoons." This was written by Diao when he was in Khitan. Moving away from Bi became an official name, which was equivalent to the rule of the Song Dynasty, second only to the prime minister. The split horse is "Xiao Mu Poppy, with colored silk wood like yellow paint" and the raccoon is "as big as a mouse, burrowing, eating fruit and eating meat, which is a rare food". Yu Jing also wrote a poem when he was in the Liao Dynasty: "The banquet was given to the logic minister, and the two dynasties were diligent." I Yalu wish you all the best, and the sacred iron pendulum will surprise the audience. "In order to avoid everyone's incomprehension, he made a note himself: set logic," accumulate a lot "; Baptism, namely "giving"; Sense of harmony, that is, "good communication"; Feeling diligent is "rough"; Yarlung Zangbo River, that is, "worship dance"; If it is unity, it is "blessing"; Iron pendulum, namely "Gao Song"; Can te, that is, "infinite. "
During the period of Song Zhenzong, a man named Xiao Lizhi was a middle school scholar. It was a happy event, but it was revealed that this was a fugitive. After investigation, this person's original name was Xiao Ryukyu. During the reign of Emperor Taizong, he was arrested for gambling. According to the imperial edict of Emperor Taizong, a gambler was killed if he was caught, but the man was released after being flogged. Such a person might as well live incognito, just taking the college entrance examination under a different name. The point is that he was admitted. It's really a dramatic life. After his identity was exposed, he was deprived of his fame and fined 40 Jin of copper.
In the Song Dynasty, sumo was a sport that people all over the country loved. Whether it is a high-level occasion like a court meeting or a low-level occasion like Goulan Wasi, there are often sumo competitions, and the audience is always blocked. Even the emperor went to Wasi to watch sumo. Among them, women's sumo is particularly popular, usually before the official competition, and it is a popular performance. Of course, the contestants are also dressed as cool as men. If a gentleman doesn't like it, there will always be criticism, but he criticizes him and I will watch mine. In the Song Dynasty, women's sumo was very prosperous.
In Guangnan of Song Dynasty, monks were a promising profession. They can not only do business, but also marry. Most of the local people engaged in the financial industry are monks, and they get rich because of this. When they have money, they naturally have sisters. Even rich girls are willing to marry monks. All shall be well, Jack shall have Jill. Once an outsider saw this scene and wrote a poem: When you have traveled to 400 states in the world, you should only be the most romantic here. At night, flowers and candles will be in full bloom, and Wang Lang will be welcomed without wrapping his head.
Throughout the Song Dynasty, monks were a business. When a monk needs to apply for a formal residence permit, the formal residence permit is charged, and with the development of the situation, the price varies, which makes it more popular on the black market. Therefore, the official residence certificate gradually became hard currency, and sometimes the emperor used the official residence certificate to pay the princess. After all, there are too few official records. Later, the state fried a kind of purple cassock, which became a hard currency as a symbol of national certified monks. For example, when Song Shenzong used foreign troops, he gave his father and purple clothes to the border guards. As a reward, the soldiers also feel that this is more cost-effective than sending money.
This kind of thing, chairs, only appeared in the late Tang Dynasty, so if you see people sitting in chairs in TV dramas before the Tang Dynasty, it's all hooliganism. Chairs were very popular in the Song Dynasty, but in the early Song Dynasty, people didn't accept many new ideas. Ladies don't sit in chairs. If they sit in chairs, they will be laughed at.
"Taiping Universe" recorded a terrible custom in the Song Dynasty in Guizhou: the first son born in a family was to be eaten, and the local people thought that more sons could be born in the future. ...
Liu Sanfu, the elder brother of the great poet Liu Yong, has only one reputation left in history: flattery. After winning the scholar, he could not be elected to the official position for several years. At that time, Ding Wei was in the heyday of the Song Dynasty, and he wanted to go this way, but no one introduced him. He heard that Ding Wei liked playing football in the Song Dynasty, so he kept outside the wall of the main stadium of the Song Dynasty in Ding Wei every day. Finally, one day, the ball kicked by Ding Wei in Song Dynasty flew out of the city wall. Liu Sanfu quickly picked it up, carried it in and gave it back to Ding Wei in the Song Dynasty. After seeing Ding Wei, Song threw the ball into the air and touched it with his shoulders, back and head, but the ball never landed. Ding Wei of the Song Dynasty was moved by this, and then went into politics.
Why did the scholar have a high position in the Song Dynasty? Because once you become an official, you will really gain fame and fortune and embark on the peak of your life. The income of officials in the Song Dynasty was the highest in all previous dynasties, nearly ten times higher than that in the Han Dynasty and two to six times higher than that in the Qing Dynasty.
Song ci is really used to sing, but after the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty, the monarch and his ministers crossed the south and many songs were lost. Slowly, Ci developed into a pure literary content. Many early poets were proficient in melody, such as Song Taizong, who composed 390 pieces of music and created new sounds with the old system. Song Renzong also wrote many songs and taught them to sing. Under their impetus, literati are proud of writing music.
In the Song Dynasty, it was a romantic expression for the literati to go in and out of brothels. Many famous people have left their names in history. For example, Fan Zhongyan, after leaving Poyang, wrote a poem for his lover in Poyang, and gave her rouge as an expression. A poem says, "There are beauties in the south of the Yangtze River, so don't look back. How to comfort acacia and give you a good look. " But from Mo Junchen's Moon River Scenery, we can know that Fan Zhongyan has a unique taste-the lover he gave rouge to is over 60 years old.
The Song Dynasty was the first to distinguish between urban hukou and rural hukou, and urban hukou was called "Fangguohu". Moreover, the household registration privileges in different regions are different. In order to prevent people from taking advantage of the high proportion of household registration in Beijing to take the imperial examination, it is specially stipulated that those who have had household registration in Tokyo for more than 7 years can be assigned to take the examination in Tokyo. However, having a "good hukou" is not only a privilege, but also they pay the most taxes according to the model tax collection law of the Song Dynasty.
When I was at school, I recited Fan Zhongyan's famous work "Yueyang Tower", which described the beautiful scenery of Yueyang Tower and Dongting Lake, just like it was true. In fact, Fan Zhongyan writes so vividly that he has never seen Yueyang Tower himself. The Story of Yueyang Tower was written at the invitation of Teng, an old friend of Yuezhou. At that time, he knew that Dengzhou was thousands of miles away, and the court did not allow officials to leave their posts privately. Although we can't witness it with our own eyes, people have deceived us for so many years just by imagination.
When the economy is booming, fashion is very developed ... to the point of satiety. In Renzong, it was popular to wear a tall and long white-horned crown, the longest of which was more than three feet, and the comb inserted in the hair was more than one foot long. "The wings hold the face and hang down the shoulders." Because it's too long and too big, you have to lean sideways when you get on the bus to enter the door.
Another strange fashion that arose during the reign of Injong was eyebrow trimming-completely trimming eyebrows, and then painting two false eyebrows with ink. It's hard to imagine what it feels like.
During the reign of Renzong, a major source of government revenue was wine tax, accounting for 2/5 of the total tax revenue. How to understand this? As long as we think about the present situation of tobacco monopoly system, we can understand that the wine monopoly system was implemented in Song Dynasty.
There were also art troupes in the Song Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, hundreds of acrobats were incorporated into the army, known as Zuo Jun in front of the temple and the Right Army in front of the temple, and were paid monthly to perform at the royal banquet. However, to catch up with the big banquet, this art troupe is often understaffed and will hire artists from the private sector to make up for it.
Nowadays, people like to add official names to other people's addresses, such as general manager X and chairman X. If this were put aside in the Song Dynasty, it would be exhausting. For example, you can call the following person: Dr. Chao San, a bachelor from Duanming Temple and a bachelor from Hanlin, and suggest that the doctor accept the right to write in Jixian Institute and sentence him to stay in Xijing, imperial academy and Shangzhu. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, 1,300 households in Hanoi County were given food stamps, and 400 households gave him Zijin fish bags and Sima Guang.
One of the reasons why Song Renzong is called Renzong is that he is so kind-hearted. He is really kind to people, and there are several famous stories. First, one day he was hungry in the middle of the night and wanted to eat roast mutton, but he was afraid that he would. Since then, it has become a rule in the palace, killing more and more every day, so he is hungry until dawn; On another occasion, when he came back from outside, he asked for water as soon as he entered the palace, saying that he was thirsty as hell. The concubines asked him why he didn't drink on the road. He said that he looked back several times and didn't see the entourage with boiling water shackles. He was afraid that someone would be punished if he asked, so he said nothing.
Zhang Shi, Yizhou and Ren have special methods of collecting books. He borrowed someone else's book and returned it a few days later. Every word of this book is printed in his mind, and it is called the ancient kindle. He has this unique secret because when he was a child, his family was poor and had no money to buy books, but he was eager to learn, so he learned this skill.
In the Northern Song Dynasty, civil servants in Beijing generally rented houses. On the one hand, Kaifeng's housing price is too expensive, on the other hand, civil servants are highly mobile, and may be sent abroad in Beijing today and tomorrow. However, the rental price is not cheap. Prime Minister Xiang Minzhong spent 5000 yuan to buy a big house in the world and then rented it to the Xue family. The rent for a day is two yuan. If you rent an ordinary house, the rent is 500 pence a day, paying half. How expensive is this price? If you rent a house in a local county, the rent for a day is only a few pence. In Song Huizong, inflation and rents have doubled again.
But if you don't have to punch in every day, it's not bad to buy a piece of land and build a house in the suburbs of Kaifeng. During the reign of Renzong, the best land in Xishui County, Jingxi, was more than 300 yuan per mu. At that time, breakfast in Kaifeng cost more than 20 yuan. If you save breakfast for a month, you can buy a piece of land to build a villa. But, of course, you still have to pay for labor and materials to build a house.
At that time, the government also engaged in public rental housing, and there was a store room responsible for public rental housing business. More than 20 thousand rooms can be rented out a year, and the average monthly rent is more than 4 yuan, which is cheaper than the house rented by civil servants, but it is estimated that the quality is worse. In addition, this kind of public rental housing will also rise with inflation, and by Zongshen, each room will rise more than five times.
Yue Fei, a national hero, was also a landlord. He built 38 rooms for rent and can charge 430 yuan a day.
In the Song Dynasty, dignitaries drank tea produced in Jianzhou, Fujian. When Fujian Road was transported, Cai Xiang gave Injong a small tea cake to make tea. A cake is only half a pair, worth 18 yuan, so he can buy a house. When I arrived in Song Huizong, this kind of tea was more expensive, and a piece of tea could be sold in 40 yuan. In the Southern Song Dynasty, it was even more expensive. The first class of tea every year, a small cake the size of a belt buckle, can only make a few cups and sell for 400 yuan.
Kaifeng Jokhang Temple was a big trust in the Northern Song Dynasty. It is said that shortly after the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty, Song Taizu visited Suoguo Temple and asked the accompanying abbot Zanning whether he should bow down before the Buddha statue. Zanning replied: "The present Buddha does not worship the past Buddha." Mao smiled knowingly. It was made to order. After that, Suoguo Temple was designated as a royal temple, and it became a practice for the emperor to pay homage on Shangyuan Festival. Song Taizong also personally gave the Royal Pen a gold plaque. Dasuoguo Temple has huge temple property. During the reign of God, there were only sixty-four courtyards in the headquarters. There are also a large number of houses, shops, pawn shops and manors around the temple and inside and outside the capital. "Every transaction means tens of millions", and the income from class rent is divided between the government and temples.
There was once a monk named Huiming in Suoguo Temple who was good at cooking pork. People call the monastery where he lives a "roast pig hospital". Yang Yi, a literary giant, often takes his friends there for dinner. Once said to him: "This pigsty is not very elegant. It is better to burn Zhu's house. "As a result, the burning of Zhu Academy became famous.
Sokokuji also gave birth to a monk. There was a monk with a definite dharma number who married a prostitute. Every time he gets drunk, he can't help chanting: "Happiness and romance come!" A rogue boy asked to see this "sister-in-law Brahma", but Cheng Hui didn't agree. The next day, the sign of the temple where Cheng Hui lived was covered with new paper, which read "Shuangfei Temple", probably by this young man.
In the Song Dynasty, women were used as things. Han Qi raised a public guest in Dingzhou. Seeing that he was single, he bought a woman to send him. Ouyang Xiu wrote an epitaph for the late Prime Minister Wang Dan. In order to thank him, Wang Dan's son bought two maids to give him gifts in addition to buying Runpen. Imperial clan Zhao Zhongyu bought a woman as a concubine and soon burned his face because of drunkenness. She even complained to Kaifeng and asked for a refund. Then Kaifengfu refused on the grounds that it was "shabby and worthless and could not be sold any more". Finally, with the intervention of the emperor, she returned the money to the woman and sent her home.
When eating in Kaifeng, it only costs a few pence to ask a singer to sing a song. It's expensive to let prostitutes accompany you to the party. For a banquet with more than one prostitute, it is only 20 to 30 yuan, that is, 20 to 30 thousand yuan. What about a prostitute who sleeps all night? What level? There was once a famous prostitute named Wang Mei Niang and Hua Kui who slept with her for one night 10.
The working people changed history in this way: when the founding of the People's Republic of China in the Song Dynasty, the Tang system was attacked, and Kaifeng government was managed according to the management, which was equivalent to dividing the whole Kaifeng government into many communities, and each community had a wall. At night, people can't take to the streets for no reason. However, Kaifeng has a narrow urban area, rapid population development and developed economy, and there will soon be insufficient places. Residents along the street are building privately and opening windows on the walls of the square. The city square doesn't work at night, and it's busy. The government tried several times to govern, and Taizong and Zhenzong restored the curfew twice, but both failed. By the time of Injong, it had completely become a city that never sleeps, and the Li Fang system had therefore withdrawn from history.
There were also venture capitalists in the Song Dynasty. When Song Taizong was recorded in the Official Documents of Su and Wei Dynasties, a shopkeeper in Kaifeng took a fancy to a doctor of wine and gave him a loan of 100 yuan to open a foot shop. The doctor really lived up to expectations and even paid off the principal and interest in one year.
Su Shi's first wife, Wang Fu, had great wisdom in life. She once taught Su Shi that "pleasure, kindness and enmity are unreliable".
Wang Anshi likes to keep a diary. He wrote 70 volumes. In his diary, he once commented on his former boss, Ren Ying Minister Han Qi: "Qi has no strengths, only a good face." I really want to see it.
Writing about Minions is a hobby of many literati. Ouyang Xiu wrote a poem "Drunken Penglai":
Seeing shame, my face is redder and my waist is more graceful. Red medicine is on the side, annoyed that I didn't teach Iraq. With her face half hidden, she asked shyly in a low voice, "Does anyone know?" Forced dressing, stealing echo eyes, pretending to sit.
What's more, before things were finished, the clouds were in chaos, and my mother guessed. I want to go home, but you have to go now. Mother, I haven't confiscated some needle and thread. But stay a little longer and start over in the shadow of the court.
Liu Yong's officialdom is not proud, but love is a hot topic. He wrote a sentence, from which we can see his popularity: the love between teachers and students is gorgeous, I am fragrant, Anna is good at peace, and four is one.
The marriage atmosphere in Song Dynasty was strong, and the cost of marrying a daughter far exceeded the cost of marrying a daughter-in-law, so marrying a wife was also the way to get rich. Huang Jinshi George married the rich man Wang Sheng's daughter and got a dowry worth 5 million yuan, which made him rich overnight.
An epitaph unearthed in Liao Dynasty recorded a good thing: a man named Liang Yuan went to take the Jinshi exam with his brother, and when he saw that his brother was not studying well, he put his own paper on his brother's name to help him get into middle school. This kind of impersonation was strictly forbidden in the Song Dynasty, but it was written as a beautiful talk in the epitaph of the Liao Dynasty.
Understanding a social viewpoint of Sima Guang is helpful to understand his opposition to Wang Anshi: he advocates that women should cover their faces when they go out. Women don't peek at the door for no reason, but they cover their faces when they go out, such as covering their heads and hats! The hijab is a curtain hat in the Tang Dynasty. The book "Qingbo Biezhi" explains: "Women walk in thoroughfares and cover their chests with square ziluo, commonly known as hijab." Sima Guang also praised the ladies for going out with their faces covered in the "family mode".
Sima Guang also had a criminal case dispute with Wang Anshi, which was known as the "Ayun case in Dengzhou". During the reign of Emperor Taizong Xining, Ayun, a girl from Dengzhou, was dissatisfied with her fiance's ugly appearance and hacked her to death with a knife, but she didn't chop her to death, only broke a finger. Afterwards, Ayun surrendered to the government. In this case, Wang Anshi thought it was attempted murder and should not be sentenced to death; Sima Guang thinks this is a challenge to ethics. If you don't kill Ayun, the social order will be destroyed, so he advocates killing. Under the auspices of Zongshen, Ayun was sentenced to 37 years' imprisonment. After Zongshen's death, Sima Guang came back to power, and immediately overturned his case after taking power. Ayun was executed for a big crime.
"Buddha makeup" is popular among women in Liao country. When Song envoys arrived in Liao, they saw that "the face painted with yellow objects is called' material makeup', and the material makeup is called' Buddha makeup', which is characterized by' dark yellow face, red eyebrows and black kisses'". There is a makeup method in "Chicken Ribs": put cucumbers (not cucumbers eaten in modern times) on your face in winter, don't wash them, and then wash them off in spring. "For a long time, it has not been attacked by the wind and the sun, so it is as white as jade. "It seems to play the role of a mask.
In the Wutai poetry case that Su Shi was dealt with, it was not Su Shi who was severely punished, but his good friend Wang Shen, who avenged his sister. Zongshen's younger sister, Princess Bao, married Wang Shen, while Wang Shen successively married several concubines and carried out cold violence against Princess Bao, which led to the princess's grief and illness. Her only son died at the age of three, and the security princess died before she was 30. Zongshen had a good relationship with this sister, so he cried for five days and could not see North Korea. Later, he not only demoted Wang Shen, but also blamed his concubines and gave them to the foot soldiers. Therefore, Zongshen was written into the edict of Wang Shen's demotion.
"Song Dynasty SMS" is serialized in the official account "historytalking" of WeChat.
What are the interesting stories and customs in the Tang Dynasty? -Song Yan's answer