The human history of Huangshi can be traced back to 1 1, 000 years ago. Clovis culture, which originated about 1 1 0,000 years ago, was discovered by ancient Indians in the distant Mississippi River valley, and obsidian arrows made at the same time were found in Yellowstone National Park. When Native Americans first started fishing and hunting in this area, the human history of Yellowstone National Park began, and these traditions continued until 200 years ago. From 65438 to 0805, when white explorers (Lewis and Clark expeditions) first entered this area, they discovered Indian ethnic groups and tribes living in this land, including Nez Pelce, Crow and Shoshone. At that time, they lived in extreme poverty. 1795, the legendary Jim Bridge led the first government-authorized expedition into Huangshi. This place name, now called yellowstone river, first appeared in written records.
1797 to 1798, david thompson, a British explorer and geographer, was engaged in fur trade in northwest China. He used the word "Yellowstone" in his notes when he visited Mandan Village, Missouri. Although the towering canyon walls are very close to the upstream of the "Yellow River Stone", how the term originated is uncertain.
From 1805 to1806-Lewis and John Colt, members of Clark expedition, quit the expedition and joined a group of hunters in what is now Montana. They heard the southern volcano make the earth tremble like thunder.
In the winter of 1808, John Colt crossed an area that later became a part of Yellowstone National Park. He observed that there was at least one geothermal area near Tavor Falls in the northeast of Yellowstone National Park. Become the first white man to explore here so far.
1827, Huangshi's first written document appeared in a newspaper in Philadelphia, but it didn't seem to attract attention. People only pay attention to and attach importance to the barbaric history. Daniel T. Potts, an orc hunter, wrote the earliest letter about "Yellowstone National Park", in which he described some characteristics of geothermal in this area.
1829, Joe Mick, a hunter, came across the area now called norris geyser basin. His description and John Colt's Fire and Sulphur are considered to be fictional and fictional places, and they are nicknamed "Colt Hell". In the next forty years, these boiling mud, steaming rivers and petrified trees were all told from a large number of reports by mountain people and fur hunters, but most of these reports were considered myths at that time.
1834, Warren Angus Ferris, a salesman of American fur company, walked into the present Yellowstone National Park in order to be famous. He was the first person to really "travel" to visit Yellowstone National Park, and also the first person to give a comprehensive explanation of geysers.
From 1835 to 1839, Osborn Russell, an animal catcher, ventured into Huangshi three times at the peak of his hunter's era and reached many hot spots in Huangshi and southern yellowstone lake.
From 65438 to 0842, Warren Ferris, the messenger of western literature, entered Huangshi. He found a kind of "geyser" which can keep warm. It comes from an Icelandic term.
1850- 1860, the American civil war, its outbreak was the direct result of the struggle against slavery. At the same time, small-scale conflicts with Indians have been going on. The American government decided to explore Yellowstone National Park.
After an expedition in 1856, Jim Brij, a mountaineer who is considered to be the first or second European immigrant to see the Great Salt Lake, also reported that he found boiling springs, fountains and a mountain peak composed of glass and yellow stones.
1859, Captain william raynolds, an American army surveyor, began a two-year survey of the Rocky Mountains. After spending a winter in Wyoming, in May 1860, he and his team, including naturalist Ferdinand Van der Waal Hayden and tour guide Jim Brij, planned to cross the continental boundary between two ocean plateaus from the Wind River in northwest Wyoming. Although they were hindered by the heavy snow in spring, they succeeded in achieving their goal, thus becoming the first group of people to enter Huangshi area in an organized way for measurement. However, the outbreak of civil war put the exploration and investigation plan on hold until the late1860s.
1863, a group of gold prospectors entered the south of Huangshi. A few years later, the deLacyLake area appeared on the map until it was renamed Sho shone Lake.
1865, the young Jesuit priest Francis Xavier Cooper came to the Great Falls and worked in what is now Montana. Besides, he also visited the geysers in Yellowstone National Park and the Grand Canyon. Later, Coupon had the opportunity to describe his incredible journey and suggested to Thomas Francis Meagher, the acting local governor, that there was such a real miracle in the area and it should be preserved as a national park.
1868, Frederick and Philip Bater became the first settlers in Pozmann and the present park. Bart Ranch is the first base for hunting and exploration.
1869, Cook Forcen Peterson's expedition made the first detailed exploration in Huangshi area. The expedition consists of three privately funded explorers. Folsom and his party came to yellowstone lake along the Huangshi River. And reported the recorded information in the diary, which is the so-called Cook Forsin Peterson expedition. Members of folsom's team recorded the expedition logs and reported according to this information.
/kloc-in 0/870, some Montana residents organized the washburne Langford Donne expedition, which was led by Henry D. washburne, the state's survey director, and other members included Nathaniel P. Langford (later called "National Park Langford") and Gustav Cheney Dunn, the captain of the US Army cavalry. The expedition spent about a month exploring this area, collecting specimens and naming some scenic spots. Cornelius hedges, a Montana writer and lawyer on the team, proposed to set up this area as a national park to protect it. He wrote many detailed articles about his observations, which were published in the Helena Herald of 1870- 187 1. 1865655438+00 Thomas Francis Mig, the acting chief executive of Montana, who said that this area should be protected before, also reiterated Higgins' opinion. Others have given similar advice.
187 1 year, the U.S. government received the investigation report of Langford in Huangshi last year. Ferdinand V.Hayden was appointed by Congress as the leader to enter the area for formal exploration and geological survey. Hayden was 1 1 year after the first attempt failed. He was finally able to try to explore the area again. With the support of the government, Hayden returned to Huangshi area with the geological survey team. Hayden brought together various geologists, botanists, zoologists, artists Thomas Moran and photographer William H. Jackson. Hayden submitted a 500-page comprehensive report on Yellowstone National Park to Congress, including large photos taken by willaim henley Jackson and paintings by Thomas Moran. Moran's watercolors and Jackson's photos prove this miracle. All the people were stunned by the miracle and beauty in front of them. His report helped persuade the US Congress to cancel the public auction in Yellowstone National Park and lobbied for the establishment of Yellowstone National Park.
1 March, 8721day, according to the proposal that "this land should be the national treasure of all people in this emerging country" first put forward by Judge cornelius hedges, then President Ulysses S. Grant signed a bill on the establishment of Yellowstone National Park. At this point, the world's first "national park" was born. Nathaniel langford is one of the most outspoken supporters of the concept of national parks. He was appointed as the first manager of the park.
According to the bill of March 1872 of the U.S congress, Yellowstone national park was officially named "protecting wildlife and nature" because "2.2 million acres of wilderness were approved as public parks and entertainment places for the benefit of the people" and "in order to keep all its trees, minerals, natural wonders and landscapes and other landscapes from being destroyed in the existing natural state".