Guide: In order to help you learn junior high school Chinese better, I bring you ten good ways to learn junior high school Chinese well. Thank you for reading.
I. Conditional analysis method
The process of Chinese teaching often involves the analysis of characters' personalities, thoughts and psychology. In this analysis, sometimes context analysis is used, sometimes background analysis is used, and in most cases conditional analysis is used. The so-called conditional analysis is to analyze the present situation of the objective environment in which the characters live.
For example, the description of Kong Yiji's appearance in Kong Yiji reflects the objective situation of Kong Yiji's life. ? He is tall; Blue and white face, often with some scars between wrinkles; A shaggy gray beard. Although I am wearing a robe, it is dirty and torn. It seems that it hasn't been mended or washed for more than ten years. ? By analyzing the present situation of the characters in the described sentence order, we can draw the following conclusions: Kong Yiji? Tall? Explain that he has the ability to work; ? Green and white face? It is caused by long-term non-participation in labor and malnutrition; ? Shaggy gray beard? Explain that he is old and depressed; ? It's dirty and broken. It seems that it hasn't been mended or washed for more than ten years. His robe shows his poverty, laziness and poor life. Kong Yi has spoken to someone? People who are always full of empty talk are half-baked. ? It shows that he was deeply poisoned by feudal education.
The premise of guiding the analysis of students' learning conditions is that students master the content of conditions, which requires guiding students to read carefully before guiding the analysis.
Second, the causal analysis method
It often appears in the text analysis of Chinese teaching? Why? problem This is essentially the reason for exploring the phenomenon. Answering such questions often requires thinking backwards from the result to the cause. When it comes to cause analysis, it is to guide students to learn from objective to subjective analysis methods. The analysis of objective reasons involves the identity and ideological character of the characters themselves.
For example, who is the cutest person in the article? Why did Ma Yuxiang ask to be transferred from battery company to infantry company? This problem needs both subjective and objective analysis. Objectively speaking, it is because he witnessed the scene of the old Korean mother crying because her house and shack were destroyed by enemy planes, which aroused his deep hatred for the enemy. Subjectively speaking, young soldiers are eager to directly attack the enemy and avenge the Korean people, thus showing strong patriotism and internationalism.
Third, correlation analysis method
Association is an expanded thinking method based on existing knowledge. Guiding students to carry out associative analysis in Chinese class is not only helpful to learn and consolidate previous knowledge, but also helpful to develop students' thinking ability. In the teaching process, students can be guided to make associative analysis of related text topics from topic to meaning.
For example, through the association analysis of the theme "March into the desert", students can associate it with:
1. Why do you want to March into the desert?
2. How to March into the desert
3. What is the prospect of marching? In addition, it is related to analysis, which should belong to an expository text. Through the associative analysis of the theme of "opposing liberalism",
Can make students think of:
1. What is liberalism?
2. Why should we oppose liberalism?
3. How to oppose liberalism and then think that this is an argumentative paper that shows the author's point of view.
Of course, students' club activities are based on their knowledge reserves. The analysis of the text content can also guide students to make reasonable associations. For example, at the end of the lesson "Kong Yiji", based on the character image of Kong Yiji when he was drinking for the last time, students are guided to make an associative analysis of his final ending, and naturally they can appreciate the tragic fate of Kong Yiji being swallowed up by the dark society.
Fourth, the incentive analysis method
Confucius said:? Learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous? . Learning and thinking are inseparable twins. Thinking plays an important role in learning. In classroom teaching, teachers should pay full attention to students and optimize the way of asking questions, so as to guide students to constantly find and analyze problems and solve them. Let students walk into the teaching materials with questions, and take the teaching materials to the teachers, so as to lay a solid foundation for students' lifelong development.
As the saying goes? Not afraid of not knowing the goods, afraid of shopping around? . Chinese learning is not like this. By putting two articles or two similar sentences together and asking students to comment, it is helpful to improve students' ability to sum up problems and deepen their understanding of the works.
For example, Fan Jinzhong's plays have the same theme as Kong Yiji's, but there are many differences in the way writers describe the characters, their attitudes towards the protagonists and their personalities. After discussion and comparison, the students come to the conclusion that the former mainly describes the protagonist with multi-level details and side contrast, while the latter describes Kong Yiji with appearance, language and movements. There are also many differences in the protagonist's personality. Although they were all poisoned by the feudal imperial examination system and pursued fame and fortune, Jin Fan also showed humility, cunning and even hypocrisy. Kong Yiji is kind. The two writers have different attitudes towards the two characters. The former is mainly criticism and ridicule. In addition to criticism, the latter has sympathy, which is a kind of? Sad for his misfortune, angry for his indisputable? Attitude. Another example is The Story of Yueyang Tower and The Story of Drunk Pavilion, both excellent essays in ancient works, which were written when the author was relegated, but there are many differences in thoughts and aspirations. In view of these problems, if teachers can guide students to compare, analyze and summarize, students will certainly deepen their understanding of the works.
V. Audio-visual assistance method
Gorky said: Art works are not narratives, but use images and pictures to describe reality. ? The new curriculum pays attention to the mutual penetration of various disciplines and advocates making full use of various modern scientific and technological means. Teachers should work hard in these aspects, constantly enrich their knowledge of various subjects, learn to use and make multimedia courseware, and make full use of audio-visual teaching equipment to make Chinese classroom teaching more colorful.
For example, it often takes some time to teach Haiyan in the traditional way? Self-demonstration or instead of recording preparation, in class, students should orally ask many questions about pause, stress, words, speed and rhythm. The use of computer multimedia teaching is different. We can mark poems on the screen, add notes next to various symbols, match the pictures and recordings of the vast sea or petrels flying and singing, and add vivid music reading, so that students will not only learn reading skills such as pause, lightness, speed and intonation, but also cultivate their sentiment. Through the use of computer multimedia, the teaching materials become vivid, dynamic and static, so that students' learning initiative can be brought into play and their thinking and imagination can be developed, thus improving learning efficiency.
Sixth, there is no doubt about the method of doubt
A paragraph of text, a paragraph of text, sometimes looks very clear, there seems to be no doubt, but careful scrutiny often has its profound connotation or deep writer feelings. Teachers should guide students to find these problems.
For example, in Zhong You, the names of Butcher Hu are different before and after Zhong You. Before the middle elevator? Father in law? , said after the middle lift? Dad? . This detail is ignored by many students. Teachers can ask students to explore why they changed their names to Butcher Hu, from which we can see what kind of person they are. Through thinking, students consciously understand that Jin Fan is not a simple scholar. From this change of address, we can see that Jin Fan is a very talented person, and his feelings are not easy to show. This kind of people are still crazy after reading the newspaper, which shows that the feudal imperial examination system has poisoned the scholars deeply. Another example is "Selection of Mayor Chen Yi". Chat for no more than three minutes? It has appeared many times, and teachers can design such questions:? What is the purpose of the author's writing this way many times? After thinking, the students found that the author mainly used this sentence to publicize the story and serve the image of Qi, a patriotic intellectual. Through repeated training, students can learn to find problems without doubt.
Seven, doubt method
Divergent thinking is an important guarantee for students' innovative ability, and teachers can cultivate students' divergent thinking by questioning the doubtful points in the article.
For example, when analyzing the image of Zhuang Gong in the debate, teachers can design such questions: What are the shortcomings of Lu Zhuang Gong as a monarch? What else is worth affirming? The answer to the first question is basically the same. Before the war, he pinned the conditions for winning on his trusted ministers and gods, which showed his political incompetence; Can you drum in the battle of ladle? 、? Will it be a pool? It also shows his military ignorance. I still don't understand the reason for the victory after the war, let alone him. Mean? . The students argued endlessly about the second question. Through discussion and exploration, they basically reached a consensus that they could meet Cao Gui before the war and listen to Cao Gui's opinions during the war, which showed that he was a more enlightened monarch. For what? Ask the public why? Some students say that he is short-sighted because he doesn't know the reason for winning. Some people say that he is a shameless monarch. The reason is that as a monarch, if he doesn't understand, he dares to ask Cao Gui for advice. It can be said that different people have different opinions. The teachers finally affirmed their views. The teacher concluded that there are many similar places in the work that are worth discussing. Students should polish their eyes and think about the problem from multiple angles. Through repeated training, we can cultivate students' questioning ability and promote the development of students' divergent thinking, so as to achieve the purpose of cultivating students' innovative ability.
Eight, songs and rhyming memory method
The content of reciting songs is quite extensive. As long as you are good at summing up, you will get better results.
If it works? Level (x) point guard? )e (w？ ) hollow, cross pronounced r? ng？ Analysis of Song formula? Hey, hey, hey? Four similar roles; Can you use it? The Summer Palace is playing Yue Shi, and the crowd is bustling? Help students remember? Hey, Ji, what about it? These three radicals have special properties; Use? Name-verb-form, number generation, auxiliary interface to help sigh and imitate sound? Rhyme helps students remember twelve parts of speech; Use? Put interjections at the beginning of sentences and words at the end of sentences? ,? Adverbs come before verbs and prepositions come before nouns? Rhyme formula helps students understand the difference between exclamations and modal auxiliary words, adverbs and prepositions; Use? Attribute must precede subject and object, and the former is a form and the latter is a complement? ,? what's up Settings? Land? Shape? Have to? After reconciliation? Help students master the division of sentence components; Use? Original meaning, extension and rhetorical meaning, combined with central analysis? Help students master the basic methods and ideas of analyzing the meaning of words or sentences; Use? Sum, spatio-temporal logic, central sentence, self-generalization? Song formula reminds students to analyze the paragraphs of the article at the structural level and refine the methods of summarizing the meaning of paragraphs and levels. In a word, the use of rhymes can help students strengthen their memory and help them solve problems. It has a wide range of applications. This learning method is also very effective in helping students to resist forgetting. Memorizing songs and rhymes is much faster and easier than memorizing specific knowledge materials, and as long as you are familiar with reciting songs and rhymes, it can also show rapid and effective characteristics in future extraction and application. The writing of songs can be done by teachers or by guiding and encouraging students. In essence, the process of students compiling formulas is also the process of students chewing, digesting, summarizing and refining relevant knowledge repeatedly; It helps students to sort out knowledge and train their thinking.
Nine, the way to build confidence
In order to improve Chinese performance, students should first establish self-confidence besides being interested in learning Chinese. Emerson once said: self-confidence is the first secret of success? ; ? Where there is a will, there is a way. ; I have always used this as a guide to guide students' actions. As we all know, the vast majority of students have poor Chinese foundation, which leads to little interest in Chinese subjects and poor Chinese performance. How can we change this situation? There should be a process from shallow to deep. In class, try to ask some simple questions for students to answer, build up students' self-confidence, and let students have? Chinese is not difficult, is it? Feelings. I have been doing this experiment in class. Students are asked to answer each question or write it on the blackboard. If other students have different opinions, they can express their different opinions at any time, whether it is right or wrong, and then comment until no one answers. Correct praise and mistakes help them analyze the reasons and find out the root causes. In this way, students' enthusiasm is high, their self-confidence is gained, the classroom atmosphere is also active, their initiative in learning Chinese is enhanced and their grades are naturally improved.
Secondly, guide students to write their own test questions (referring to basic knowledge), draw lots for exams, and read papers from each other, so as to determine qualified scores or make-up exams. I think this method is also good for improving students' Chinese scores. ? Practice makes perfect? This truth can be fully reflected here. Through the two steps of setting questions and marking papers, students have the guide and goal of learning Chinese, and reading is virtually produced. Do your homework? The process of reviewing. Some students said to me:? Teacher, is it a pleasure to give out examination questions? . In this way, students feel active and interested, and at the same time encourage students who are lazy in doing things and thinking.
In addition, the lottery examination also mobilized students' enthusiasm, enhanced their initiative and increased their interest. If you can see the students' expectant eyes and mysterious expressions when drawing lots, you may also laugh unconsciously. Everyone hopes to get problems from students at the same level, because the problems of poor students may be shallow, and the problems of students with good grades are deeper. If poor students draw questions from classmates with good grades, it will be miserable. The reason is that if you want to make up the exam, it's nothing. Just review it again. In fact, it is also a good way to consolidate Chinese knowledge, and even qualified students accompany you to make-up exams. After a semester's training, a student in my class scored 36 points in the Chinese exam when he entered school, and his final exam score increased to 56 points, which made rapid progress. The classmates at the same level asked him what tricks he had, and he said that it was my own exam that helped me. ?
Ten, writing review method
The most important thing in composition is to read more books. When reading a book, don't just pay attention to what it writes, don't talk about the matter, but pay attention to the way it describes and the way of thinking. Nowadays, students pay great attention to the flexible use of composition, so when writing a composition, you should spread out what you want to write, dare to write what you want to write, and stop writing things that look like model essays, making people feel that only you can write this article well. When writing to reflect your own characteristics, you should be careful not to write negative things, but to write positive things. Sometimes, the teacher will not give points because what you write is too negative, even if what you write is correct. Whether a composition is well written directly affects the level of Chinese performance, and it can't be improved in one day. All kinds of characters and events that students encounter in real life can be sorted out in the review and made into valuable materials? Semi-finished products? For your use, choose according to the requirements of the topic; You can also choose representative articles in various styles to read, and carefully analyze their advantages in topic selection, conception, material selection and article planning, so as to master some writing skills and improve the ability of improvisation.
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