The order of the first three rounds from the final of the project is decided by drawing lots. After the first three rounds of the final, the top eight athletes will be selected for the final three rounds according to the results; The fourth and fifth rounds are sorted in reverse order according to the results of the first three rounds, and the sixth round is sorted in reverse order according to the results of the first five rounds, with the best results jumping (throwing) at the end.
Effective results: In throwing events, except for the foul, it is only effective when the throwing equipment of the athlete falls completely in the landing area (excluding the sideline of the landing area), and the gun head should land before the gun tail. When measuring the results, it is calculated from the nearest landing point to the throwing area. Among them, javelin must be effective if the tip touches the ground first.
Extended data:
During the competition, an athlete who commits one of the following violations will be sentenced to a foul and his performance will be invalid:
① Exceeding the time limit;
(2) The throwing techniques of shot put and javelin do not conform to the rules (the rules require that shot put and javelin must be thrown with one hand on the shoulder);
(3) When throwing, no part of the body and apparatus shall touch the ground along or outside the iron ring of the throwing ring and any part of the ground outside the throwing arc, extension line and line of the javelin, including the top of the toe board of the shot put, otherwise it will be a throwing failure;
(4) Athletes are only allowed to leave the throwing ring or the run-up path after the equipment has landed. Javelin athletes can't completely turn their backs on the javelin before it hits the ground after throwing it. After throwing, hammer throwers, discus throwers and shot putters must withdraw from the extension line of the second half of the throwing circle. Javelin athletes must quit after throwing arcs and extension lines;
⑤ If there is no foul, the competitor can stop the trial throwing action that has already started, leave the throwing area temporarily after putting down the equipment and start again, but the throwing must be completed within the specified time limit;
6. Participants can leave the competition area during the competition, but they must get the permission of the referee and be accompanied by the referee;
⑦ During the competition, athletes are not allowed to use the following electronic devices in the competition venue: cameras, portable tape recorders, radios, CD players, walkie-talkies, mobile phones, MP3 players and similar electronic devices.
Grip method: the grip method is to put the javelin obliquely on the palm of your hand, with the thumb and middle finger on the upper edge of the first circle at the handle end of the javelin, the index finger naturally bends and holds it obliquely on the javelin, and the ring finger and little finger hold it on the handle. You can also press the upper edge of the first turn at the end of the javelin handle with your thumb and forefinger, and press the handle with other fingers in turn.
Holding a gun: The way to hold a gun is to bend your arm and hold the gun on your shoulder. The angle between the upper and lower arms is about 90 degrees, slightly higher than the head, and the gun tip is slightly lower than the tail.
Run-up: The distance of run-up depends on the thrower's speed, generally between 25 and 35 meters, and the run-up is divided into two stages.
Pre-run stage: the pre-run stage is mainly to accelerate. When running, the upper body leans forward slightly, the forefoot touches the ground, the thighs are raised higher, the back pedal is strong, and the movements are light and elastic. The gun arm naturally swings back and forth with the rhythm of running, and coordinates with the lower limb movements, and enters the throwing step when accelerating.
Step throwing stage: The first four steps of the five-step step throwing are: the first step is big, the second step is small, the third step is big, and the fourth step is small.
Step 1: Put your left foot on the second sign line and move your right foot forward actively. At the same time, your right shoulder falls back and starts to pull the javelin backwards. Your left shoulder gradually approaches the javelin, and your left arm naturally comes to your chest. Look ahead, your hips are facing the throwing direction, and the gun arm is not straight yet.
Step 2: The right foot touches the ground and the left foot moves forward to start the second step of the throwing step. When the left foot moves forward, the hips turn slightly to the right, and the right shoulder continues to retreat to complete the javelin throwing action. The right hand is close to the shoulder height, the included angle between the gun body and the forearm is small, and the gun tip is close to the right eyebrow to ensure that the longitudinal axis of the javelin is consistent with the throwing direction.
Step 3: Start with the left foot landing. As soon as the left foot hits the ground, the knee joint of the right leg naturally bends, and the thigh drives the calf to swing forward actively and forcefully. When the right leg is close to the left leg, the left leg is pushed out quickly and forcefully, prompting the right leg to accelerate forward. At this time, the hip axis turns to the throwing direction and forms a cross state with the shoulder axis.
The left arm is naturally placed on the chest, which helps the left shoulder to continue to turn right and increase the right twist of the trunk. The toe of the right foot is everted, first landing on the outside of the heel, and then transferring to the whole sole, making an angle of about 45 degrees with the throwing direction. The trunk and right leg are in a straight line, and the whole body leans backwards at a certain angle to the ground.
Step 4: Before the right foot of the stride has landed, the left leg should take the initiative to move forward. The right leg landed and the weight fell on the bent right leg. Then the right leg actively pushes the ground, accelerating the horizontal movement of the buttocks and accelerating the forward movement of the left leg. When the left leg moves forward, don't lift the thigh too high. The left foot should land on the inside or heel first to produce strong braking and support. Before landing the right foot, the landing position of the left foot should be about 20-30 cm to the left of the throwing direction line.
Finally, exert force: in the third step of throwing step, after the right foot touches the ground, the buttocks move forward quickly due to inertia, and after passing the right leg support point (the left foot does not touch the ground), the right foot begins to exert force. When the left foot touches the ground, it forms a left support from the left foot to the left shoulder, creating conditions for the right leg to continue to push the ground and turn the hip.
The right leg continues to push the ground, pushing the right hip to accelerate in the throwing direction, so that the hip axis exceeds the shoulder axis, and the hip pulls the shoulder axis to rotate in the throwing direction. When the shoulder axis rotates in the throwing direction, the throwing arm rotates upward, driving the forearm and wrist to rotate upward, and when the upper body turns to face the throwing direction, a "full bow" posture is formed.
At this point, the throwing arm is at the back, about shoulder height, and almost at right angles to the torso. The bent left leg is pushed out quickly and elastically, at the same time, the chest is pushed forward as far as possible, and the forearm is driven forward to make an explosive "whipping" action, so that the whole body's strength acts on the longitudinal axis of the javelin through the arms and fingers.
When the javelin leaves the hand, the active action of the wrist and fingers can make the javelin rotate clockwise along the longitudinal axis, which can maintain the stability of javelin flight in the air and improve the sliding effect of javelin. The suitable angle of javelin throwing is about 30-35 degrees.
In javelin movement, people try to improve the "slidability" of javelin, but at the same time reduce the throwing performance of javelin through accurate calculation, which should be said to be a very interesting thing. There is a so-called theory of javelin decimeter.
Javelin throwing has a long history. In ancient times, people used javelin-like instruments as weapons to hunt wild animals, which later became weapons of war. We can call it throwing a gun. Javelin throwing, as an official event of the ancient Olympic Games, was held at the 18 ancient Olympic Games in 708 BC, and it was one of the "five events" in ancient times.
1792 Javelin competition started in Fallon, Sweden. By 1886, in the Scandinavian countries (Finland, Sweden) sports meeting, Swedish athletes set the first record for men's javelin with a score of 35.85438+0 m. Men's javelin and women's javelin were listed as modern Olympic events in 1908 and 1932 respectively. 1960 is listed as an official Olympic event.
Javelin shape and material: At first, the wooden javelin used by athletes was as thick as before and after. In the early 1950s, American javelin thrower Franklin Held developed a wooden javelin with thin ends and thick middle, which extended the flying time of the javelin in the air, so it was called "gliding javelin". In 1960s, aluminum alloy javelin came out, which was harder than wooden javelin and reduced vibration. The shape of javelin is good for flying.
Pre-stride technique: After the early javelin Zhu Mu expired, more and more scientific and technological contents were incorporated into it. With the gradual improvement of javelin athletes' pre-stride technique, the javelin world record was fixed at104m.
Baidu encyclopedia-javelin
Baidu encyclopedia-javelin throwing