Ancient world history

Pericles represented the interests of the industrial and commercial slave owners and the lower-middle class freemen in Athens, especially the interests of the fourth-class citizens such as sailors and helpers. His domestic policy focuses on strengthening democratic politics. Since the reform in 462 BC, the Athens Citizens' Congress, under the impetus of Pericles, has gradually adopted a series of laws and measures, mainly in four aspects:

(1) Deprive the Parliament of the God of War Mountain of its political power and make it belong to the citizens' assembly, the 500-member assembly and the jury court respectively. Since then, the God of War Mountain Committee has only tried cases and affairs of a religious nature. The citizens' assembly, the jury court and the 500-member meeting got rid of the shackles of the parliament of the God of War Mountain and completely became the highest authority and executive body in Athens.

(2) Officials at all levels are open to the public. After In 457 Bc, citizens of the third rank were eligible to serve as consuls, while citizens of the fourth rank were actually allowed to hold this position. As a result, all male citizens in Athens basically obtained the rights and opportunities to hold official positions at all levels through lottery, election and rotation, and there was no property restriction.

(3) Implement an open salary system. At first, the state subsidized the daily life of jury judges, and the post-salary system was extended to most public offices, which provided a certain material guarantee for poor citizens to participate in political power management.

(4) Limit the scope of obtaining Athenian citizenship. 45 1 year stipulates that only those whose parents are citizens of Athens can obtain Athenian citizenship.

Thanks to Pericles's painstaking efforts, the slave-owner democracy in Athens became more and more complete.

Social and political change movement from Dahua to New Japan. It happened in 645, so it was the first year of Dahua, hence the name. In 593, after Shoto Kutaishi's regency, he carried out the reform of pushing the ancient emperor, initially established the idea of centralization and imperial power center, and weakened the conservative forces of aristocratic slave owners. But the reform did not touch the people's system, nor did it destroy the aristocratic forces. After Shoto Kutaishi's death, my consort took over the autocratic power of my family, while my father and son rejected the reformist forces, killed the son of Shoto Kutaishi, the big brother in northern Shaanxi, and set up another emperor. In 640, Gao Monk and Nan Yuan, who had studied in China for more than 30 years, were sent back to China (Min Monk returned to China in 632). They brought back the feudal ruling system and ideology and culture of Sui and Tang Dynasties and passed them on to the royal family, which provided an ideological basis for Japanese feudalism.

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