1. Citizens' Assembly and 500-member Meeting In Athens, Athens male citizens who have full power and are over 20 years old form the citizens' assembly, which is the highest authority of the city-state. Every citizen can speak at the conference, express his opinions and put forward various proposals. Citizens also have the right to participate in state organs such as the 500-member conference (the highest permanent government agency), the jury court and the Committee of Ten Generals (the executive power organ). In Athens, every adult male citizen can attend 2-3 citizen meetings every month. Since 462 BC, all citizens, regardless of their property and qualifications, can be elected to senior state posts, except for ten generals. As a permanent government agency, the 500-member meeting is elected by the People's Assembly by drawing lots. Citizens over the age of 30 are allowed to participate in the election as long as they pay taxes and respect their parents. The jury court has both judicial and legislative functions, and every citizen over 30 can become a jury judge. As an administrative organ, the General Committee is elected by the People's Assembly through public voting, and citizens can also hold public office in other administrative organs. The 500-member conference consists of 50 people from 65,438+00 tribes. Members of the 500-member conference are citizens regardless of rank. The power of the 500-member meeting has also been expanded. In addition to preparing bills for the assembly, all topics are discussed and presided over by the assembly, which is also responsible for handling the daily affairs of the country when the assembly is not in session. Its 500 members are divided into 10 groups according to the tribe, which are called "Presidium" in turn within one year, and each group also takes 50 people on duty in turn. On the day when everyone was on duty, he was the highest-ranking public official in Athens.
2. The jury court and the Committee of Ten Generals "In the 5th and 6th century BC, the main political system in Athens was the citizens' assembly, which was usually composed of 5,000 to 6,000 members, and all adult male citizens could participate (except women, slaves and foreigners). As long as the citizens' assembly obtains a simple majority vote, it can decide almost any internal issue without any legal restrictions. As for the trial, it is presided over by a jury composed of 50/kloc-0 citizens, and whether the charges are established or not is decided by the majority vote of the jury. The qualifications of senior public officials are also finalized by the people's courts. "
The most powerful people in Athens are the elected ten "generals", who can not only command the army, but also participate in politics; The commander-in-chief is in charge of military and political power; 10 general committee, chaired by the military consul. Generals are always elected without drawing lots, and can be re-elected, but they can also be removed at any time.
3. Encourage citizens to actively participate in politics, especially low-level citizens, and actively participate in the political activities of the city-state. The universality of Athenian democratic political system. Only a few male citizens can really participate in Athenian democracy. The lower class citizens are tired of running around for life all day, and often have no time to take care of the political life of the polis.