The decision made by the referee according to his own judgment.
Note: There is no room for protest in this judgment unless the referee makes mistakes in applying the rules.
Step 2 call for
The defender's foul behavior against the attacker requires the referee to call him out. This is called a "complaint".
3. The pitcher fouls (blocks)
When there is base runner on the base, the pitcher's violation is called "pitcher's foul". At this time, base runner was awarded a safe first base (but the batter didn't award the ball).
Step 4: Ball
The pitcher legally throws a ball without directly passing through the "strike zone" and the batter does not swing, which is called a "bad ball"
Note: If a "bad ball" that enters the "strike zone" after landing hits the batter, it is judged as a "middle shot" and the batter enters the first base safely. If the batter misses the ball after the second stroke, even if the receiver catches the ball, it is still determined that the receiver misses the ball, and it shall be handled according to rules 6.05 (b) and 6.09 (b). If the batter hits the ground ball, it is equivalent to hitting the ball that has not landed and continuing the game.
5. Base
Located in the four corners of the infield, base runner must touch these positions to score. These four positions are called "bases". The base is usually marked with canvas bags or plastic sheets.
6. Base Coach
A player who wears the same sportswear as the player and stands outside the first and third bases to guide the batter to hit the ball and the runner to run the base is called "base running guidance"
7. Four balls are on the base (the base is on the balls)
The batter gets four balls when he hits the ball, and the judgment of safely entering the first base is called "four bad balls on the base"
8. Batter
An attacker who hits the ball in the batter's area is called a batter.
9. Batter
An attacker who runs to first base after completing the batting task is called a "batter"
10, batter box
The area where the batter stands when hitting the ball is called the batter's area.
1 1. battery
A team composed of pitchers and catchers is called a catcher's pitch team.
12, bench or rest area
Seats for athletes, substitutes and other players wearing sportswear are called "athlete seats".
13.
A stroke that does not swing but intentionally touches the bat or touches the bat so that the ball slowly rolls into the infield is called "touching the ball."
14, called the game.
A game suspended by the referee for any reason is called "suspended game"
15, catch it
The fieldkeeper does not use his hat, protective gear, pocket or any part of the sportswear to catch the ball, but firmly grasps the ball with gloves or hands before it hits the ground, which is called "catching the ball". However, if he catches the ball at the same time or immediately collides with the player or the fence and falls down, so that the ball is lost, it is not a "catch". If the fly ball that the fieldkeeper meets meets the attacker or the referee, it is not "caught" even if it is caught by other fieldkeepers. If the outfielder catches the ball and misses it when passing the ball, it can still be judged as "catching the ball" In this case, the effectiveness of "catching the ball" should be determined by the fielder having enough time to hold the ball to prove that he has controlled the ball and the passing is conscious and intentional.
Note: 1. Even if the ball bounces on the glove when catching the ball, it is considered as "catching the ball" as long as it is finally tied or tied by other outfielders before landing.
As soon as the first outfielder touches the fly ball, base runner can leave home plate.
3. The fieldkeeper can cross fences, fences, railings, ropes or other wild passing routes to catch the ball. He can jump on the railings and tents out of bounds to catch the ball. He can take risks. When the fieldkeeper crosses the fence, fence, railing, rope or even enters the stands to catch the ball, he shall not stop, but if he stops, he shall not be sentenced for blocking.
4. When the fieldkeeper runs to the edge of the player's seat to catch the ball, if he is held by the player (no matter which player) and catches the ball steadily before falling to the ground, it is judged as "catching the ball".
16, catcher
The defender behind the home plate is called a catcher.
17, catcher's box
When the pitcher intentionally tries to pitch four balls, the area where the catcher must stand before the pitcher pitches is called the catcher's area.
Coach 18
The head coach is appointed to perform the tasks assigned by the head coach on the field, and the players wearing their team's competition clothes are called "coaches". He is not limited to being a "base running coach".
19, dead ball
According to the rules, hitting, passing or throwing a ball is called a "dead ball". This suspension of the game is called a "dead ball situation"
20. Team or team members (defense in defense)
A team or any fieldkeeper who conducts defensive activities on the field is called "fieldkeeper or fieldkeeper".
2 1, double-headed
Participating in two consecutive games in one day according to the schedule is called "two consecutive games"
22. Double kill
The defensive behavior that the fieldkeeper makes two members of the attacking team go out continuously without making mistakes is called "double kill", and there are two kinds of "double kill".
(1) Double killing: (Forced double killing)
The double killing caused by the two prohibitions is called "double prohibition".
(b) Double killing: (reverse forced double killing)
The double kill caused by blocking first and then touching is called "sealing and touching double kill"
Note: Example of double play: base runner is at first base, one player is out, and the batter hits the ground ball to the first baseman. The first baseman touches the first base (one is blocked) and passes it to the second baseman or shortstop, so that the first base base runner is knocked down at the second base (double play).
Another example: the base is full and no one is out. The batter hit the ground ball at the third baseman, who touched the third base (one was blocked) and passed it to the receiver to touch the third base. The runner is a double kill.
23. foul ball
A legally hit ball is a "foul ball" in any of the following cases:
(a) The area between home plate and the first base or between home plate and the third base;
(b) When the ball touches the ground at the base, passes through the first and third bases, and then rolls out of the outfield from the base behind the base;
(c) When touching the first, second or third bottom bag;
(d) Landing for the first time on the baseline of the first, second and third bases, or in the border area outside this line;
(e) Touching the bodies of referees and players within the boundary;
(f) When crossing the home run line directly from out of bounds.
Note: 1. When catching the ball on the sideline, including the sideline goalpost, it should be judged according to the vertical line between the defender's glove and the ground when touching the ball. In the sideline (including the sideline), it is a foul ball. You should not judge whether the defender stands in or out of bounds when touching the ball.
2. After the fly ball landed in the infield, if it didn't meet any players or referees before the first and third bases, it was judged as a "foul ball". If you stay in the out-of-bounds area, or if you are touched by a team member, you will also be sentenced to "out-of-bounds ball". However, when the fly ball landed on the first and third bases or landed in the outfield behind the first and third bases and then bounced out of bounds, it was judged as a "foul ball".
3. Out-of-bounds area The small triangle in the hitting area is out-of-bounds area, and the ball is out-of-bounds when it stops in the small triangle. The batter accidentally touched the ball in the hitting zone where he was standing. If he touches the ball on purpose, the batter is out. If the batter touches the ball in the triangle of another batter's area, whether intentionally or unintentionally, the batter is ruled out.
24. Equitable territory.
The area where home plate passes through the extension lines of the first and third bases to the retaining wall or purse seine (including the space in the vertical plane) is called the "boundary area".
25, Fielder (fielder)
Any defensive player is called "outfielder".
26. Selection of outfielders
The defensive behavior of the outfielder in handling the ground ball on the court is called "outfielder's choice".
Wild hand selection also applies to tape recorder recording:
(a) The batter scored one or more bases because the outfielder killed the former base runner while handling the hit.
(b) The runner gets on the base because the outfielder passes the ball and kills other base runner (except for stealing the base or getting on the base due to the outfielder's mistake).
(c) The runner enters the base due to the negligence of the fieldkeeper (such as stealing the base without defense).
27. Fly high
A fly ball that hits the air is called a fly ball.
28.block
The fieldkeeper refers to the defensive behavior of the batter or base runner who is forced to enter the base because of the batter's base passing and killing as "blocking". This offensive and defensive posture is called "blocking posture".
Note: the blocking situation in the game often changes. With this in mind, there will be no confusion when dealing with the ban. For example:
1. There is base runner at first base, and one player is out. The batter hit a fast ground ball to the first baseman. The first baseman touched first base immediately after catching the ball and knocked out the batter. At this time, the traffic jam no longer exists. The outfielder must touch and kill base runner who entered second base. If there is a runner on the second or third base, and any runner scores at home plate before the runner who enters the second base is knocked down, the score is valid. If the first baseman passes the ball to the second base instead of stepping on the first base after receiving the ball, it is twice suspended, and the runner's score at the second or third base is invalid.
2. One player is out, and base runner is on the first and third bases. The batter's fly ball was caught and two players were out. Base runner on third base left home plate and ran to score. But the runner left first base prematurely, and the ball passed to first base and was appealed and sentenced to three outs. At this point, if the referee decides that the runner, that is, the third baseman, enters the home plate first, and the pass-and-kill complaint finally appears, the score is valid.
29. abstain from the game
Because one side fouled, the referee announced that the other side won 9-0, which was called "abstention match".
30. foul ball
A legally hit ball is a "foul ball" under any of the following circumstances.
(1) When stopping at the out-of-bounds zone between home plate and first base or home plate and third base;
(2) When the earth passes through the first base and the third base, it rolls into the outfield from the base out of bounds or continues to roll out of bounds;
(3) When the first landing point of the fly ball is in the out-of-bounds area behind the first and third bases;
(4) Touching the bodies of referees and players or other out-of-bounds obstacles;
Note: 1. The hit ball hit the pitcher's plate before hitting the outfielder, and then bounced back to the home plate, and the ball was out of bounds between first base and third base.
2. After the batter hits the ball, before leaving the batter's area, the ball that is hit again is a "foul ball" when it accidentally touches the body or bat.
3 1, foul area
The area from home plate to retaining wall or purse seine (including vertical space) through the first and third base sideline lines and their extension lines is called "out-of-bounds area".
32. Wipe the baseball (foul prompt)
A stroke that reaches the receiver quickly and directly after touching the bat and is caught is called a "clean ball". If you don't catch it, it's not a "clean baseball". Every clean baseball is given a "hit" to continue the game. If the bat-wiping stroke touches the receiver's hand or glove first and then touches the body, and it is fastened before landing, it is judged as a direct catch and a baseball is wiped out. However, touching the catcher's hand or gloves first, such as body and protective gear, is not a direct catch.
33. Ground ball
A ball that rolls or bounces on the ground is called a groundball.
34. Home team or home team
A team playing in its own stadium or local stadium is the "home team", which is also called the "back attack team" according to the convention. If the game is played in a third-party stadium, the first attacking team will be determined by lottery or coin toss according to the pre-arranged schedule or before the game starts.
35. Illegal (illegal or illegal)
Violation of the provisions of these rules is called "illegal".
36. Illegal pitching
A pitcher who throws a ball in violation of one of the following rules is sentenced to "illegal pitching":
The pitcher's pivot throws the ball to the batter without stepping on the pitcher's board;
Throw the ball quickly to the unprepared batter.
Illegal pitching awarded the batter a ball. Base runner's "illegal pitching" on the base was judged as "pitcher's foul", and base runner scored safely on the base, but the batter didn't judge the ball.
37. Infield player (infield player)
Players who defend in various positions in the infield are called infielders.
38. The infield flies the ball
Before two players go out, when there is base runner on the first base, the second base or the first base, the second base and the third base, the infield fly ball (except the straight ball and the touch fly ball) that the batter legally hits falls in or near the infield and is easily caught by the outfielder (including the outfielder) is called "infield fly ball". At this point, the batter is out and continues the game.
Under the above circumstances, if the ball hit is obviously "infield fly", the referee should immediately announce: "infield fly, batter out!" If the ball hit is close to the sideline, it is difficult to determine whether it is an in-court ball or an out-of-court ball. The referee should immediately announce: "If it is an in-court ball, it will fly in the infield!" Or just announce the "infield fly ball" and extend your right arm forward and upward, and make a gesture to postpone the judgment until it is determined that it is a foul ball, and then announce: "The batter is out!" . "Infield fly ball" is a kind of situation to continue the game. Runners can risk being shot out and enter home plate, or they can return to home plate after catching the ball, just like ordinary fly balls. If it hits a foul ball, it will be regarded as a foul ball.
Similarly, before two players go out, when there is base runner on the first base, second base or first base, second base and third base, the hit fly ball does not touch the fieldkeeper. After landing, if the foul ball pops up in front of the first base and third base, it should be judged as "foul ball"; If it falls outside the touchline and bounces in before the first and third bases, it is judged as "infield flying, the batter is out!" .
Note: 1. When applying this rule, the referee should know whether the fieldkeeper can catch the flying ball through normal efforts. The referee can't judge "infield flying" according to the fact that the hit fly ball landed in the infield, and it won't judge whether it landed in the infield near the infield or near the grass line. The referee should also pay attention to that even if the outfielder catches the ball, he only needs to hit the fly ball in the infield and its vicinity. When the outfielder catches the ball as easily as the infielder, it will be judged as "infield fly ball"
2. "infield flying" is the judgment of the referee and cannot be appealed.
3. If the referee has pronounced "infield flight", even if the outfielder intentionally misses and tries to cause a double kill, it will still be regarded as "infield flight" and continue the game.
4. The "infield fly ball" will take effect after being pronounced by the referee. The referee's judgment on "infield flying" should be quick and decisive.
39. Flying (in flight)
Refers to the state that the hit, passed or thrown ball does not touch the ground or other objects before touching the outfielder.
40. Out of danger (in jeopardy)
Refers to the dangerous state in which the attacker may be ruled out during the continuation of the game.
4 1, one game
The game is a part of the whole game. The two sides of the game exchanged offense and defense with "one game" because three people were out. One attack is half a game.
Note: The first attacking team attacks in the first half and the second attacking team attacks in the second half.
42. Interference
Any behavior that affects the normal offensive and defensive activities of players in the game is called "obstruction behavior"
(a) The offensive player's obstruction means that the offensive player obstructs or interferes with the fieldkeeper who is defending. If the referee announces that the batter, batter or base runner is out due to an obstacle, all base runners must return to the last base that the referee thinks they legally occupied at the time of the obstacle, unless otherwise specified.
Note: If the batter fails to reach first base when encountering an obstacle, all runners will return to the base occupied by the pitcher when pitching. He has been ruled out except the runner.
(b) The linekeeper's obstruction means that the linekeeper obstructs or interferes with the batter's stroke.
(3) The obstruction of the referee means: 1. Obstruct or influence base runner who took over the pass to kill and steal the base; 2. The ball that hits in bounds meets the referee in bounds before it passes through the fieldkeeper (except the pitcher).
(d) The spectator's obstruction means that the spectator walks out of the stands or enters the playing field, and meets the passing, hitting or pitching that is attacked and defended.
Note: once the obstruction occurs and is established, it will become a dead ball situation.
43, legal (legal or legal)
Provisions that meet these rules are called "legal".
44. Line exciter
A shot that flies quickly and directly to the outfielder without touching the ground is called "flat fly"
45. Live ball
A ball is called a "live ball" in the process of continuing the game.
46. Coach Supervisor (Manager)
The player who is in charge of the team's field competition and contacts the referee and the opposing team on behalf of the team is called the head coach. Players can also temporarily serve as the head coach when assigned by the head coach.
(a) Each team should write the name of the head coach on the "Player List" 30 minutes before the start of the game and submit it to the referee;
(2) The head coach is responsible for the team's behavior, abides by the rules and obeys the judgment of the referee.
(c) If the head coach leaves the field, he shall appoint a coach or athlete to replace him. Therefore, the substitute has the responsibility, power and obligation as the head coach. If the head coach doesn't appoint a substitute when he leaves, the referee will appoint him instead.
47.obstacles
The outfielder didn't hold or catch the ball, which prevented base runner from getting into base.
Note: If the fieldkeeper is receiving the passing ball, and the passing ball flies directly to the fieldkeeper, so that it is necessary to catch the ball in the position it occupies, it should be regarded as "catching the ball". At this point, whether the fieldkeeper "catches the ball" depends entirely on the judgment of the referee. When the fieldkeeper tries to catch the ball but fails to catch it, it is no longer regarded as "catching the ball", but should be judged as "blocking the net" For example, the infield player dived to catch the ball, but missed it and the ball rolled behind him. If he continues to lie on the ground and delays the runner's running, he will be sentenced to "blocking the net"
48. Attack team or members of attack team (attack or attack)
The team that hits the ball and runs the base is called the "offensive team"; Any player who hits the ball or runs the base is called an "offensive player"
49. Official scorekeeper
The person appointed by the competition organizer who is responsible for the competition records and technical statistics is called the "official recorder".
50. Outside
One of the situations in which the attacker is deprived of the right to hit the ball, run the base or score, or the defender loses to the attacker three times in order to change the defensive position, is called "out".
5 1, outfielder
A player who defends in the outfield position is called an outfielder.
52, slide out of the base (Overslide of Oversliding)
In addition to entering the first base from home plate, the behavior of an attacker leaving home plate because he slipped too far is called "sliding out of home plate"
53. Punishment (penalty)
Dealing with violations according to the rules is called "punishment".
54. Athletes or referees.
Refers to any part of the body, clothes and equipment of an athlete or referee.
55. vote
The ball that the pitcher throws at the batter is called "pitching".
Note: "pitching" is different from "passing". See "Passing the Ball" for details.
56. Pitcher
The defender who throws the ball to the batter is called a pitcher.
57. The pitcher's center foot.
The foot that the pitcher touches the pitcher's board when pitching is called "the pitcher's pivot foot".
58. Start or continue the game (play)
The referee announces the order to resume the game when he announces the start of the game or there is a dead ball.
59. Protest.
The behavior of the team asking the referee to change the judgment because of the mistakes in the implementation of the rules is called "protest"
60. Quick return
Before the batter was ready to hit the ball, the pitcher suddenly threw a ball at him in an attempt to make the batter lose his balance. This is called "quick throw", which is illegal pitching.
6 1, rule game
See rules IV. 10 and IV. 1 1 for details.
62. retouching.
The runner's return to the original base according to the regulations is called "stepping on the base again"
63. Score (Run or Score)
After hitting the ball, the attacker ran to the base, touched the first base, the second base and the third base in turn, and finally touched the base safely.
The offensive behavior of the base is called "scoring".
64. Kill (run down)
The outfielder's defensive behavior of passing the ball between two bases and killing the runner is called "double attack killing"
65. base runner.
An attacker who is entering, touching or returning to base is called a "runner".
66. Sacrifice (sacrifice)
A batter who sacrifices his right to get on base safely and lets base runner score on base is called "sacrifice play". Sacrificial play can be divided into "flying the ball at the cost of playing" and "touching the ball at the cost of playing" according to the different offensive and defensive situations and hitting methods.
67. Safety (safe)
The referee's judgment that the runner has legally obtained the base position is called "safety".
68, lateral tilt (set position)
The pitcher's posture of pitching to the batter with one side of his body is called "sideways pitching", which is one of the two legal pitching postures.
69. Squeeze the game
When there is a runner on the third base, an offensive tactic that makes the runner steal the home plate score is called "forced scoring"
70. strike
A pitcher's legal pitch is a "good shot" if it meets any of the following conditions.
(a) The batter misses the ball (including touching the ball);
(b) The batter didn't swing the ball, but any part of the ball passed through any part of the strike zone in flight;
(c) Two "good shots" hit the foul ball;
(d) touching a foul ball;
(e) Touching the body when the ball misses;
(f) The ball passes through the "strike zone" without landing and touches the batter;
(g) "Wipe the baseball".
7 1, strike zone
In the vertical sky above home plate, the three-dimensional area between the height between the upper edge of the batter's shoulder and the upper edge of his trousers and the lower limit between his knees is called the "strike zone". The strike zone is judged by the standing posture taken by the batter when he is ready to catch the ball. (Figure 4)
72. Pause the game
A game in which the referee announces to stop the game in advance for some reason and continues to end the game regularly is called a "replay".
73, contact killing (tag)
The outfielder holds the ball firmly with his hands or gloves, touches the base with any part of his body, or touches the runner with his hands or gloves holding the ball, which is called "contact killing".
74. Pass (throw)
The fielder's defensive behavior of sending the ball to a given target with his hand or arm is called "passing the ball". "Passing the ball" should be distinguished from the pitcher's "throwing the ball" to the batter.
75. Tie game
The referee declared that a valid match in which two teams scored equally was called a "tie match".
76. Pause (time)
The password announced by the referee when the game was suspended according to regulations. At this time, the field became a dead ball situation.
77. Touch
Touching any part of a player or referee's body, clothes or equipment is called "touching".
78. Three kills
The defensive behavior that the defender calls the three players of the attacking side pass the ball without mistakes is called "three kills"
79. Throw the ball like crazy
A ball that deviates from home plate and the catcher can't catch it through normal efforts is called a "storm ball"
80. Tightening position
The pitching posture of the pitcher facing the batter is called "frontal pitching", which is one of the two legal pitching postures.