On how to carry out physics experiment teaching

Third, guide the preview of the experiment. Experiment preview is the premise to ensure students to operate correctly and get correct results. Through the preview before the experiment, students have a correct understanding of the principles, methods, steps and the use of instruments, and have a clear understanding of the experimental process, thus improving the quality and efficiency of the experiment. Fourthly, guiding the experimental operation is the key link of students' experiments. Organize students to carry out experimental operations, give full play to their subjective initiative, and cultivate their good habits of using their hands and brains, doing more, observing carefully, thinking seriously, finding problems in time and solving problems. In the process of experimental operation, we should neither be too unified nor let ourselves drift, and strive to create a positive, happy, nervous and orderly good atmosphere. We should not only strengthen the demonstration operation (using projection, TV video, wall chart, teaching board and other tools), but also attach importance to students' experiments (different experiments can adopt different experimental methods, such as opening, etc.). It is an important step for students to deal with the experimental data correctly after the experimental operation. Students analyze and process the measured data and draw reasonable conclusions, so as to cultivate students' ability to analyze and solve problems. Through experiments, it is found that some students simply check the results from textbooks because of the large error of the data measured in the experiments; Some people fabricate data; Some calculate the data to be measured according to the law; We should seriously criticize these phenomena and ask for activity classes to make up for them, and explain to students that the data measured in the experiment can't be wrong unless it is due to operational errors, reading errors and other reasons. Because our environment, experimental equipment and methods are different, the measured data are different, even very different. We should respect facts, record them truthfully and cultivate a scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts. Summary and deepening of intransitive verbs Students should summarize their experiments after completing the experiments: (1) Summarize the experimental conclusions and explain them; (2) Point out common problems and correct them; (3) According to the experimental content, add some experiments appropriately to further stimulate students' positive thinking and hands-on operation, and give full play to students' potential. For example, observing the image formed by a convex lens, it is proposed: (1) How to measure the focal length of a convex lens through experiments? There are several ways. (2) What will happen to the image if the upper part of the convex lens is covered with black paper? (3) When a convex lens is used to form a real image, a light screen is not needed. Can you see an inverted real image on one side of the screen? Seven. Paying attention to students' experimental reports is the main way of feedback in experimental teaching. Therefore, in teaching, students should be instructed to write the experimental report first, which requires them to finish it carefully from the aspects of purpose, equipment, principle, steps, data recording and processing, conclusion, problem discussion and error analysis. Secondly, the experimental report should be carefully corrected and evaluated, so that students can realize the importance of the experimental report. Only arranging it without checking and correcting it will make students despise the experiment and deal with it. Finally, according to the correction, the good experimental reports are displayed, praised and encouraged to improve students' learning enthusiasm. Eight. The physics teaching syllabus of strengthening experimental evaluation points out: "In order to strengthen experimental teaching, students' experimental ability should be assessed. "We can divide the test content into two parts: written test and experimental operation. (1) written test. Mainly investigate the content of cognitive objectives, such as instruments, principles, main steps, data processing, error analysis, etc. (2) Experimental operation. This paper mainly examines the use of instruments, the ability to troubleshoot and the ability to design experiments. The examination method is to put out all the experimental equipment according to the specified experimental topics, and let the students operate independently after drawing lots, evaluate and score, and record the results in the file. In a word, the demonstration experiment in physics class should be organically combined with students' grouping experiments, and efforts should be made to cultivate students' basic experimental elements in the following aspects: first, common sense of instrument use; The second is the knowledge of measurement error and data processing, especially the different methods to distinguish known laws from unknown laws when drawing lines to process data; The third is the basic knowledge of indirect measurement. We should understand the experimental device, principle, method, condition guarantee, operation steps and data recording and processing from the perspective of measurement. The fourth is the verification idea of confirmatory experiment, especially the idea of comparing theoretical conclusions with experimental conclusions. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the training of students' basic experimental method transfer and flexible application ability, and raise the physics experiment teaching in middle schools to a new level from multiple angles and in all directions.